Mingda Yang¹, Shouchen Ma², Fujian Mei¹, Li Wei¹, Tongchao Wang^1,*, Xiaokang Guan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 417-435, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013175

Abstract Knowledge of the interactive effects of water and nitrogen (N) on physio-chemical traits of maize (Zea mays L.) helps to optimize water and N management and improve productivity. A split-plot experiment was conducted with three soil water conditions (severe drought, moderate drought, and fully water supply referring to 45%–55%, 65%–75%, and 85%–95% field capacity, respectively) and four N application rates (N₀, N₁₅₀, N₂₄₀, and N₃₃₀ referring to 0, 150, 240, 330 kg N ha^–1 respectively) under drip fertigation in 2014 and 2015 in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The results indicated that drought stress inhibited physiological activity of plants (leaf… More >

Anna Stepanova^1,*, Maria Malunova¹, Svetlana Salamaikina¹, Renat Selimov², Aleksandra Solov’eva¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 543-552, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013223

Abstract Rhodiola quadrifida is a rare mountain medicinal plant whose root extracts are used in traditional Chinese medicine as a hemostatic, antitussive, and tonic in the treatment of gynecological diseases. The aim of the study was to obtain R. quadrifida cultures at different degrees of differentiation in vitro and compare their growth characteristics and the content of salidroside and rosavin. Hairy roots were obtained by incubating cotyledons and hypocotyls in a suspension of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4. The presence of the rolB and rolC genes was proven by polymerase chain reaction. The obtained roots were cultivated in Murashige-Skoog medium (MS). Calluses… More >

Bilal Shoaib¹, Yasir Javed², Muhammad Adnan Khan^3,*, Fahad Ahmad⁴, Rizwan Majeed⁵, Muhammad Saqib Nawaz¹, Muhammad Adeel Ashraf⁶, Abid Iqbal², Muhammad Idrees⁷

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1413-1427, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015099

Abstract For the unforced dynamical non-linear statespace model, a new Q1 and efficient square root extended kernel recursive least square estimation algorithm is developed in this article. The proposed algorithm lends itself towards the parallel implementation as in the FPGA systems. With the help of an ortho-normal triangularization method, which relies on numerically stable givens rotation, matrix inversion causes a computational burden, is reduced. Matrix computation possesses many excellent numerical properties such as singularity, symmetry, skew symmetry, and triangularity is achieved by using this algorithm. The proposed method is validated for the prediction of stationary and non-stationary MackeyGlass Time Series, along… More >

Obadah Said Solaiman, Ishak Hashim^*

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.27, No.2, pp. 379-390, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.015285

Abstract A new iterative technique for nonlinear equations is proposed in this work. The new scheme is of three steps, of which the first two steps are based on the sixth-order modified Halley’s method presented by the authors, and the last is a Newton step, with suitable approximations for the first derivatives appeared in the new scheme. The eighth-order of convergence of the new method is proved via Mathematica code. Every iteration of the presented scheme needs the evaluation of three functions and one first derivative. Therefore, the scheme is optimal in the sense of Kung-Traub conjecture. Several test nonlinear problems… More >

Meenu Gupta¹, Rachna Jain², Simrann Arora², Akash Gupta², Mazhar Javed Awan³, Gopal Chaudhary^2,*, Haitham Nobanee^4,5,6

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 933-950, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014221

Abstract The COVID-19 disease has already spread to more than 213 countries and territories with infected (confirmed) cases of more than 27 million people throughout the world so far, while the numbers keep increasing. In India, this deadly disease was first detected on January 30, 2020, in a student of Kerala who returned from Wuhan. Because of India’s high population density, different cultures, and diversity, it is a good idea to have a separate analysis of each state. Hence, this paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the effect of COVID-19 on Indian states and Union Territories and the development of… More >

MEI LAN^#, JINGFENG HU^#, HONGLI YANG, LIQIN ZHANG, XUEZHONG XU, JIANGMING HE^*

BIOCELL, Vol.44, No.4, pp. 751-767, 2020, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2020.012954

Abstract Clubroot of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis), caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae, accounts for serious yield losses. The aim of our study was to explore the phytohormone levels and metabolome changes in the roots of resistant and susceptible B. rapa genotypes at a late stage of infection, i.e., 28 days post-infection. Both genotypes showed decreased auxin levels after P. brassicae infection except for indole-3-acetic acid. Overall, the susceptible genotype had higher auxin and cytokinin levels after infection, with the exception of trans-zeatin and 3- indolebutyric acid as compared to the resistant genotype. Jasmonic acid levels declined… More >

Obadah Said Solaiman, Ishak Hashim^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1427-1444, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012610

Abstract In this paper, we propose a fifth-order scheme for solving systems of nonlinear equations. The convergence analysis of the proposed technique is discussed. The proposed method is generalized and extended to be of any odd order of the form 2n − 1. The scheme is composed of three steps, of which the first two steps are based on the two-step Homeier’s method with cubic convergence, and the last is a Newton step with an appropriate approximation for the derivative. Every iteration of the presented method requires the evaluation of two functions, two Fréchet derivatives, and three matrix inversions. A comparison… More >

Jiali Wei^*, Ying Zou, Ping Li, Xiaojun Yuan

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 883-891, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010973

Abstract TiO₂ nanoparticles (nano-TiO₂) are widely used in the world, and a considerable amount of nano-TiO₂ is released into the environment, with toxic effects on organisms. In the various species of higher plants, growth, including seed germination, root elongation, and biomass accumulation, is affected by nano-TiO₂. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, we observed that nano-TiO₂ promoted root elongation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that nano-TiO₂ elevated auxin accumulation in the root tips of the auxin marker lines DII-VENUS and DR5:: GUS, and, correspondingly, quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that nano-TiO₂ increased the… More >

Liangliang Yu^*, Wenjun Zhou, Danping Zhang, Junhui Yan, Li Luo

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 873-881, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011882

Abstract Phytosulfokine-α (PSK-α), a sulfated pentapeptide with the sequence YIYTQ, is encoded by a small precursor gene family in Arabidopsis. PSK-α regulates multiple growth and developmental processes as a novel peptide hormone. Despite its importance, functions of PSK-α in M. truncatula growth remains unknown. In this study, we identified five genes to encode PSK-α precursors in M. truncatula. All of these precursors possess conserved PSK-α signature motif. Expression pattern analysis of these MtPSK genes revealed that each gene was expressed in a tissue-specific or ubiquitous pattern and three of them were remarkably expressed in root. Treatment of M. truncatula seedlings with… More >

Dazhuang Qi^1,2,4,#, Meixia Liang^1,2,4,#, Fudong Jiang³, Jianzhao Li^1,2,4, Xuqiang Qiao^1,2,4,*, Hongxia Zhang^1,2,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 943-955, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013801

Abstract Manganese (Mn) is one of the essential microelements in all organisms. However, high level of Mn is deleterious to plants. In this study, the effects of exogenous manganese application on mineral element, polyamine (PA) and antioxidant accumulation, as well as polyamine metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities, were investigated in Malus robusta Rehd., a widely grown apple rootstock. High level of Mn treatments decreased endogenous Mg, Na, K and Ca contents, but increased Zn content, in a Mn-concentration-dependent manner. Polyamine metabolic assays revealed that, except the content of perchloric acid insoluble bound (PIS-bound) spermine, which increased significantly, the contents of putrescine… More >