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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Reliability Based Topology Optimization of a Linear Piezoelectric Micromotor Using the Cell-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method

    Mohsen Sadeghbeigi Olyaie1, Mohammad Reza Razfar2, Edward J. Kansa3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.75, No.1, pp. 43-88, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.075.043

    Abstract This paper presents integration of reliability analysis with topology optimization design for a linear mircroactuator, including multitude cantilever piezoelectric bimorphs. Each microbimoph in the mechanism can be actuated in both axial and flexural modes simultaneously. We consider quasi-static and linear conditions, and the smoothed finite element method (S-FEM) is employed in the analysis of piezoelectric effects. Since microfabrication methods are used for manufacturing this type of actuator, uncertainty variables become very important. Hence, these variables are considered as constraints during our topology optimization design process and reliability based topology optimization (RBTO) is conducted. To avoid… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Topology Optimization of a Linear Piezoelectric Micromotor Using the Smoothed Finite Element Method

    Mohsen Sadeghbeigi Olyaie1, Mohammad Reza Razfar2, Semyung Wang3, Edward J. Kansa4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 55-82, 2011, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2011.082.055

    Abstract This paper presents the topology optimization design for a linear micromotor, including multitude cantilever piezoelectric bimorphs. Each microbeam in the mechanism can be actuated in both axial and flexural modes simultaneously. For this design, we consider quasi-static and linear conditions, and the smoothed finite element method (S-FEM) is employed in the analysis of piezoelectric effects. Certainty variables such as weight of the structure and equilibrium equations are considered as constraints during the topology optimization design process, then a deterministic topology optimization (DTO) is conducted. To avoid the overly stiff behavior in FEM modeling, a relatively More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Topological Optimization of Anisotropic Heat Conducting Devices using Bezier-Smoothed Boundary Representation

    C.T.M. Anflor1, R.J. Marczak2

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.78, No.3&4, pp. 151-168, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.078.151

    Abstract This paper aims to demonstrate the final result of an optimization process when a smooth technique is introduced between intermediary iterations of a topological optimization. In a topological optimization process is usual irregular boundary results as the final shape. This boundary irregularity occurs when the way of the material is removed is not very suitable. Avoiding an optimization post-processing procedure some techniques of smooth are implemented in the original optimization code. In order to attain a regular boundary a smoothness technique is employed, which is, Bezier curves. An algorithm was also developed to detect during More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modified Algorithm for Surface Tension with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics and Its Applications

    H.F.Qiang1, F.Z.Chen1, W.R. Gao1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.77, No.3&4, pp. 239-262, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.077.239

    Abstract Based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method with surface tension proposed by Morris, this paper is intended to modify equations for surface tension by modifying normal and curvature with corrective smoothing particle method (CSPM). Compared with the continuum surface force (CSF) model for surface tension employed in the traditional SPH method, the accuracy in the present paper is much higher in terms of handling the problems with large deformation and surface tension. The reason is that in the traditional SPH method the deficiency of particles is near the boundary and sharp-angled areas, and it causes… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Node-Based Smoothed eXtended Finite Element Method (NS-XFEM) for Fracture Analysis

    N. Vu-Bac1, H. Nguyen-Xuan2, L. Chen3, S. Bordas4, P. Kerfriden4, R.N. Simpson4, G.R. Liu5, T. Rabczuk1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.73, No.4, pp. 331-356, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.073.331

    Abstract This paper aims to incorporate the node-based smoothed finite element method (NS-FEM) into the extended finite element method (XFEM) to form a novel numerical method (NS-XFEM) for analyzing fracture problems of 2D elasticity. NS-FEM uses the strain smoothing technique over the smoothing domains associated with nodes to compute the system stiffness matrix, which leads to the line integrations using directly the shape function values along the boundaries of the smoothing domains. As a result, we avoid integration of the stress singularity at the crack tip. It is not necessary to divide elements cut by cracks More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of the Gradient Smoothing Technique to the Natural Neighbour Galerkin Method for the Couple-Stress Elasticity

    K. Wang1, S.J. Zhou2,3, Z.F. Nie4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 77-102, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.073.077

    Abstract The natural neighbour Galerkin method is tailored to solve boundary value problems of the couple-stress elasticity to model the size dependent behaviour of materials. This method is based on the displacement-based Galerkin approach, and the calculation of the global stiffness matrix is performed using gradient smoothing technique combined with the non-Sibsonian partition of unity approximation scheme. This method possesses the following properties: the complex C1-continuous approximation scheme is avoided without using either Lagrange multipliers or penalty parameters; no domain integrals involved in the assembly of the global stiffness matrix; and the imposition of essential boundary More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modeling and Simulation of Sealing Spray Application Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

    Robert Rundqvist1, Andreas Mark1, Fredrik Edelvik1, Johan S. Carlsson1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.7, No.3, pp. 259-278, 2011, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2011.007.259

    Abstract Multiphase flow simulation using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) has gained interest during recent years, mostly due to the inherent flexibility of the method and the physically rather intuitive formulation of extra constitutive equations needed when dealing with for instance non-Newtonian flows. In the work presented here, simulations based on an SPH model implemented in the flow solver IBOFlow has been used for simulation of robotic application of sealing material on a car body. Application of sealing materials is done in order to prevent water leakage into cavities of the body, and to reduce noise. In… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Coupling Algorithm of Finite Element Method and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for Impact Computations

    Yihua Xiao1, Xu Han1,2, Dean Hu1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.23, No.1, pp. 9-34, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2011.023.009

    Abstract For impact computations, it is efficient to model small and large deformation regions by Finite Element Method (FEM) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), respectively. However, it requires an effective algorithm to couple FEM and SPH calculations. To fulfill this requirement, an alternative coupling algorithm is presented in this paper. In the algorithm, the coupling between element and particle regions are achieved by treating elements as imaginary particles and applying equivalent tractions to element sides on coupling interfaces. In addition, an adaptive coupling technique is proposed based on the algorithm to improve the computational efficiency of More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Secondary zoospores in the algal endoparasite Maullinia ectocarpii (Plasmodiophoromycota)

    ELISA R. PARODI1,2*, EDUARDO J. CÁCERES3, RENATO WESTERMEIER4, DIETER G. MÜLLER5

    BIOCELL, Vol.34, No.1, pp. 45-52, 2010, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2010.34.045

    Abstract The present paper deals with the ultrastructure of zoospores produced by the plasmodiophorid Maullinia ectocarpii, living in the marine algal host Ectocarpus siliculosus. The zoospores described here are very similar to secondary zoospores of Polymyxa graminis and Phagomyxa sp. (the latter an algal endoparasite, also). Our results indicate that M. ectocarpii produces two types of plasmodia, and suggest that is a species with a complete life cycle, as it is known for all the Plasmodiophormycota that have been studied. Sporogenic and sporangial plasmodia produce, respectively, primary zoospores with parallel flagella within thick walled resting sporangia, and secondary zoospores with opposite More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Taxus globosa S. cell lines: Initiation, selection and characterization in terms of growth, and of baccatin III and paclitaxel production

    DULCE MA. BARRADAS-DERMITZ1,*, PATRICIA M. HAYWARD-JONES2, MARTÍN MATA-ROSAS3, BEATRIZ PALMEROSSÁNCHEZ2, OSCAR B. J. PLATAS-BARRADAS4, RODOLFO F. VELÁSQUEZ-TOLEDO2

    BIOCELL, Vol.34, No.1, pp. 1-6, 2010, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2010.34.001

    Abstract Of the initial six cell lines originating from explants of Taxus globosa, or Mexican yew (stem internode, leaves and meristematic tissue), three were selected for their microbial and oxidation resistance, two from leaves and the other from stem internode. A study of their behavior, both in terms of cell growth, and of baccatin III and paclitaxel production, was developed in suspension cultures with an initially standardized biomass (fresh weight 0.23 g/L) using modified Gamborg’s B5 medium, and an elicitor (methyl jasmonate), on either the first or seventh day of culture, at several levels (0, 0.1, 1, More >

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