Riaz Ahmad¹, Muhammad Akbar Anjum^1,*, Safina Naz¹, Rashad Mukhtar Balal²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 17-34, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011680

Abstract Selection and use of molecular markers for evaluation of DNA polymorphism in plants are couple of the most important approaches in the field of molecular genetics. The assessment of genetic diversity using morphological markers is not sufficient due to little differentiating traits among the species, genera or their individuals. Morphological markers are not only highly influenced by environmental factors but skilled assessment is also prerequisite to find the variations in plant genetic resources. Therefore, molecular markers are considered as efficient tools for detailed DNA based characterization of fruit crops. Molecular markers provide new directions to the efforts of plant breeders… More >

José Gregorio Joya-Dávila, F. A. Gutiérrez-Miceli^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 835-850, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013679

Abstract Ethyl methanesulfonate is a chemical mutagen, which is currently being used in plant breeding, to increase genetic variability in genes of agronomic interest, of species useful in agriculture. It primarily causes single base point mutations by inducing guanine alkylation, resulting in GC to AT transitions. Its effect is different between clones of a genotype and between genotypes of the same species. This review presents the results obtained in recent research, where its effect on plant tissues, callus, and cells in suspension has been evaluated. Changes in the phenotypic expression of somaclonal variants were reported, involving morphology, production of secondary metabolites,… More >

MST FARHANA NAZNEEN CHOWDHURY¹, MOHD RAFII YUSOP^1,2,*, SITI IZERA ISMAIL³, SHAIRUL IZAN RAMLEE¹, YUSUFF OLADOSU², MONIR HOSEN², GOUS MIAH⁴

BIOCELL, Vol.44, No.3, pp. 269-278, 2020, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2020.09627

Abstract Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is the popular spicy vegetable crops belonging to family Solanaceae. Chili peppers are known for their pungency characteristic due to the presence of capsaicinoids that classifies them into hot or sweet pepper. Chili is used as spices, folk remedies for diseases, vegetables, and coloring agent showing a diverse role in human’s life. However, its production is hampered by different biotic stress and abiotic factors. Similarly, the unavailability of high yielding varieties, high temperature, and disease incidence, particularly, anthracnose disease, are the major constraints responsible for the low production of chili pepper. The advents of molecular markers,… More >

Yuheng Sun¹, Ye Mu^{1, 2, 3, 4, *}, Qin Feng⁵, Tianli Hu^{1, 2, 3, 4}, He Gong^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Shijun Li^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Jing Zhou⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.2, pp. 1317-1328, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010510

Abstract In large-scale deer farming image analysis, K-means or maximum betweenclass variance (Otsu) algorithms can be used to distinguish the deer from the background. However, in an actual breeding environment, the barbed wire or chain-link fencing has a certain isolating effect on the deer which greatly interferes with the identification of the individual deer. Also, when the target and background grey values are similar, the multiple background targets cannot be completely separated. To better identify the posture and behaviour of deer in a deer shed, we used digital image processing to separate the deer from the background. To address the problems… More >

Riaz Ahmad¹, Muhammad Akbar Anjum^1,*, Rashad Mukhtar Balal²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 183-204, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08537

Abstract Molecular markers, genome sequencing and genome editing are considered as efficient tools to accomplish demands of plant breeders for crop improvement programs. Morphological and biochemical markers have not been extensively used as these are greatly influenced by environmental factors. Different molecular markers and sequencing techniques are routinely used in evaluation of genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship, accurate classification or taxonomy, characterization of germplasm, identification of hybrids and phylogenetic studies. Desired and undesired traits controlled by genes can be identified through different molecular markers technology all over the globe. These molecular markers are well established and have successfully been used for… More >

JOSÉ LUIS ARREDONDO-FIGUEROA¹, LAURA GEORGINA NÚÑEZ-GARCÍA², PALOMA ADRIANA HEREDIA-GUZMÁN³ AND JESÚS T. PONCE-PALAFOX⁴.

BIOCELL, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 105-111, 2012, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2012.36.105

Abstract Chirostoma jordani is a native annual species inhabiting lacustrine waters of the Central Mexico Plateau. It is widely distributed and is currently facing high environmental pressures. Five experiments were performed to study the reproductive performance of this species. Four of the experiments were conducted in 270-L indoor recirculation tanks. Two males and one female at the first stage of reproduction were included in each test. A photoperiod of 14 light hours and 10 dark hours was used. In a fifth experiment, 10 females and 15 males were kept in an outdoor 3,000-L recirculation tank under natural photoperiod. The number of… More >

Salinas Jiménez V, JC Raya Pérez, CL Aguirre Mancilla, F Chablé Moreno, JG Ramírez Pimentel, G García Rodríguez, J Covarrubias Prieto

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.85, pp. 203-209, 2016, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2016.85.203

Abstract Eighty S1 maize (Zea mays L.) lines derived from halfsib families with good yield potential (greater than landraces in the region) were evaluated, with the purpose of selecting outstanding lines. Native populations are a source of germplasm for genetic improvement through selection and hybridization. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences between the lines S1 in the variables days to anthesis (FM), silking date (FF), plant height (Apl), ear height (Amz), leaves above ear (NHEmz), ear length (Lmz), row number (Nhil), kernels per row (Ghil), total kernels per ear (TGmz) and grain yield (Rend). All variables showed high variability, an… More >

Méndez-Aguilar R¹, MH Reyes-Valdés², N Mayek-Pérez³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 215-226, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.215

Abstract Common bean was originated in México, and it is the most important protein source for millions of Mexicans, mainly those with low economic incomes. Grain yield of this crop is mainly affected by several fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. Among them, there are root rot diseases caused by the genera Macrophomina and Fusarium sp. Currently, some molecular biology tools such as DNA molecular markers are being used successfully to develop genetic maps where QTLs and major molecular markers are located, which are linked to genes that confer resistance to these fungi. The importance of the development of genetic maps is… More >

Kandus¹ M, D Almorza³, R Boggio Ronceros², JC Salerno¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.79, pp. 39-46, 2010, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2010.79.039

Abstract Our objective was to determine the genotype-environment interaction (GxE) in a hybrid integrated by maize lines either carrying or not balanced lethal systems. Experiments were conducted in three locations over a period of two years considering each yearlocation combination as a different environment. Yield data were analysed using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model and the Sites Regression Analysis (SREG). Results were represented by biplots. The AMMI analysis was the best model for determining the interaction. More >

Massuh Y^1,2, LE Torres¹, SF Ocaño¹, P Bruentti¹, AG Chaves¹, JA Zygadlo², MS Ojeda¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.86, pp. 214-223, 2017, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2017.86.214

Abstract Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herb that is of great interest due to the bioactive properties of its essential oil (EO) and its industrial use. In Argentina, 0.5 tons/year of EO are obtained from wild populations and commercialized with a value of 80-120 US$/kg. The introduction of the species in culture, and the initiation of a process of domestication, selection and breeding material aimed at generating higher yields and quality of EO as an alternative to wild collection. The goal of this work was to generate a population with a broad genetic base to obtain high phenotypic variability,… More >