Jay Barach^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-23, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.071705 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Human Resource (HR) operations increasingly rely on cloud-based platforms that provide hiring, payroll, employee management, and compliance services. These systems, typically built on multi-tenant microservice architectures, offer scalability and efficiency but also expand the attack surface for adversaries. Ransomware has emerged as a leading threat in this domain, capable of halting workflows and exposing sensitive employee records. Traditional defenses such as static hardening and signature-based detection often fail to address the dynamic requirements of HR Software as a Service (SaaS), where continuous availability and privacy compliance are critical. This paper presents a Moving Target Defense… More >

Ksenia Anikeeva^*, Ruslan Safin

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.11, pp. 2235-2252, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0128 - 24 November 2025

Abstract The use of wood-polymer composites (WPC) based on a polymer matrix and wood filler is a modern, environmentally friendly direction in material science. However, untreated wood filler exhibits poor adhesion to hydrophobic polymers due to its hydrophilic lignocellulose fibers. To address this, ozone treatment is employed to enhance compatibility, reduce water absorption, and regulate biodegradation rates. This study investigates the hypothesis that ozone modification of wood filler improves adhesion to thermoplastic starch, thereby enhancing the physico-mechanical properties and controlled biodegradation of WPCs under compost conditions. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on composites containing untreated and… More >

Pengpeng Yang^1,2,*, Chen Zhou¹, Dasara Shullani², Lanxi Liu¹, Daniele Baracchi²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 2487-2526, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069129 - 23 September 2025

Abstract Images and videos play an increasingly vital role in daily life and are widely utilized as key evidentiary sources in judicial investigations and forensic analysis. Simultaneously, advancements in image and video processing technologies have facilitated the widespread availability of powerful editing tools, such as Deepfakes, enabling anyone to easily create manipulated or fake visual content, which poses an enormous threat to social security and public trust. To verify the authenticity and integrity of images and videos, numerous approaches have been proposed, which are primarily based on content analysis and their effectiveness is susceptible to interference… More >

He Huang, Jin Zhu^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.2, pp. 1717-1748, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.068384 - 31 August 2025

Abstract Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are key equipment in automated container terminals (ACTs), and their operational efficiency can be impacted by conflicts and battery swapping. Additionally, AGVs have bidirectional transportation capabilities, allowing them to move in the opposite direction without turning around, which helps reduce transportation time. This paper aims at the problem of AGV scheduling and bidirectional conflict-free routing with battery swapping in automated terminals. A bi-level mixed integer programming (MIP) model is proposed, taking into account task assignment, bidirectional conflict-free routing, and battery swapping. The upper model focuses on container task assignment and AGV… More >

Absar Hussain¹, Abdul Aziz¹, Hassan Jamil Syed^2,*, Shoaib Raza¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 3105-3124, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.062628 - 03 July 2025

Abstract Kubernetes has become the dominant container orchestration platform, with widespread adoption across industries. However, its default pod-to-pod communication mechanism introduces security vulnerabilities, particularly IP spoofing attacks. Attackers can exploit this weakness to impersonate legitimate pods, enabling unauthorized access, lateral movement, and large-scale Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Existing security mechanisms such as network policies and intrusion detection systems introduce latency and performance overhead, making them less effective in dynamic Kubernetes environments. This research presents PodCA, an eBPF-based security framework designed to detect and prevent IP spoofing in real time while minimizing performance impact. PodCA… More >

Joon-Min Gil¹, Hyunsu Jeong¹, Jihun Kang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.2, pp. 2199-2213, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.061182 - 17 February 2025

Abstract In a cloud environment, graphics processing units (GPUs) are the primary devices used for high-performance computation. They exploit flexible resource utilization, a key advantage of cloud environments. Multiple users share GPUs, which serve as coprocessors of central processing units (CPUs) and are activated only if tasks demand GPU computation. In a container environment, where resources can be shared among multiple users, GPU utilization can be increased by minimizing idle time because the tasks of many users run on a single GPU. However, unlike CPUs and memory, GPUs cannot logically multiplex their resources. Additionally, GPU memory… More >

Tao Zheng¹, Wenyi Tang^1,2,4,*, Xingshu Chen^1,3,4, Changxiang Shen^1,3,4

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.1, pp. 1687-1701, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.056141 - 15 October 2024

Abstract The security performance of cloud services is a key factor influencing users’ selection of Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). Continuous monitoring of the security status of cloud services is critical. However, existing research lacks a practical framework for such ongoing monitoring. To address this gap, this paper proposes the first Non-Collaborative Container-Based Cloud Service Operation State Continuous Monitoring Framework (NCCMF), based on relevant standards. NCCMF operates without the CSP’s collaboration by: 1) establishing a scalable supervisory index system through the identification of security responsibilities for each role, and 2) designing a Continuous Metrics Supervision Protocol (CMA) More >

Rong Wang¹, Xinxin Xu², Zijia Wang^3,*, Fei Ji¹, Nankun Mu⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.2, pp. 2363-2385, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.053564 - 15 August 2024

Abstract Marine container terminal (MCT) plays a key role in the marine intelligent transportation system and international logistics system. However, the efficiency of resource scheduling significantly influences the operation performance of MCT. To solve the practical resource scheduling problem (RSP) in MCT efficiently, this paper has contributions to both the problem model and the algorithm design. Firstly, in the problem model, different from most of the existing studies that only consider scheduling part of the resources in MCT, we propose a unified mathematical model for formulating an integrated RSP. The new integrated RSP model allocates and… More >

Nguyen Vu Anh Duy, Nguyen Le Thai, Nguyen Huu Tho^*

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.39, No.1, pp. 15-31, 2024, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2024.038272 - 29 March 2024

Abstract In this paper, we consider a multi-crane scheduling problem in rail stations because their operations directly influence the throughput of the rail stations. In particular, the job is not only assigned to cranes but also the job sequencing is implemented for each crane to minimize the makespan of cranes. A dual cycle of cranes is used to minimize the number of working cycles of cranes. The rail crane scheduling problems in this study are based on the movement of containers. We consider not only the gantry moves, but also the trolley moves as well as More >

Xinci Zhou, Jin Zhu^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.3, pp. 2705-2727, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.046363 - 11 March 2024

Abstract As the number of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) within automated container terminals (ACT) continues to rise, conflicts have become more frequent. Addressing point and edge conflicts of AGVs, a multi-AGV conflict-free path planning model has been formulated to minimize the total path length of AGVs between shore bridges and yards. For larger terminal maps and complex environments, the grid method is employed to model AGVs’ road networks. An improved bounded conflict-based search (IBCBS) algorithm tailored to ACT is proposed, leveraging the binary tree principle to resolve conflicts and employing focal search to expand the search More >