Yuanyuan Wang^1,*, Yemeng Zhu¹, Xiuchuan Chen¹, Tongtong Yin¹, Shiwei Su²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.072404 - 12 January 2026

Abstract To solve the false detection and missed detection problems caused by various types and sizes of defects in the detection of steel surface defects, similar defects and background features, and similarities between different defects, this paper proposes a lightweight detection model named multiscale edge and squeeze-and-excitation attention detection network (MSESE), which is built upon the You Only Look Once version 11 nano (YOLOv11n). To address the difficulty of locating defect edges, we first propose an edge enhancement module (EEM), apply it to the process of multiscale feature extraction, and then propose a multiscale edge enhancement… More >

Md. Ehsanul Haque¹, Md. Nurul Absur², Fahmid Al Farid³, Md Kamrul Siam⁴, Jia Uddin^5,*, Hezerul Abdul Karim^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.071771 - 12 January 2026

Abstract Manual inspection of onba earing casting defects is not realistic and unreliable, particularly in the case of some micro-level anomalies which lead to major defects on a large scale. To address these challenges, we propose BearFusionNet, an attention-based deep learning architecture with multi-stream, which merges both DenseNet201 and MobileNetV2 for feature extraction with a classification head inspired by VGG19. This hybrid design, figuratively beaming from one layer to another, extracts the enormity of representations on different scales, backed by a pre-preprocessing pipeline that brings defect saliency to the fore through contrast adjustment, denoising, and edge… More >

Hongcheng Zhao¹, Tong Yang ², Yihui Hu², Fengxiang Guo^2,*

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.20, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.068987 - 08 January 2026

Abstract With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure, ensuring road safety through timely and accurate highway inspection has become increasingly critical. Traditional manual inspection methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but they also struggle to provide consistent, high-precision detection and real-time monitoring of pavement surface defects. To overcome these limitations, we propose an Automatic Recognition of Pavement Defect (ARPD) algorithm, which leverages unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based aerial imagery to automate the inspection process. The ARPD framework incorporates a backbone network based on the Selective State Space Model (S³M), which is designed to capture long-range temporal dependencies.… More >

Alexander V. Savin^1,2, Elena A. Korznikova^3,4, Sergey V. Dmitriev^5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-20, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.072786 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Due to their chiral structure, carbon nanosprings possess unique properties that are promising for nanotechnology applications. The structural transformations of carbon nanosprings in the form of spiral macromolecules derived from planar coronene and kekulene molecules (graphene helicoids and spiral nanoribbons) are analyzed using molecular dynamics simulations. The interatomic interactions are described by a force field including valence bonds, bond angles, torsional and dihedral angles, as well as van der Waals interactions. While the tension/compression of such nanosprings has been analyzed in the literature, this study investigates other modes of deformation, including bending and twisting. Depending… More >

Shuoting Xiao^1,*, Nikita Igorevich Fomin¹, Kirill Anatolyevich Khvostunkov², Chong Liu¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 2821-2847, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071961 - 23 December 2025

Abstract Precast concrete structures have gained popularity due to their advantages. However, the seismic performance of their connection joints remains an area of ongoing research and improvement. Grouted Sleeve Connection (GSC) offers a solution for connecting reinforcements in precast components, but their vulnerability to internal defects, such as construction errors and material variability, can significantly impact performance. This article presents a finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the impact of internal grouting defects in GSC on the structural performance of precast reinforced concrete columns. Four finite element models representing GSC with varying degrees of defects were… More > Graphic Abstract

Akramjon Y. Boboev^1,*, Ulugbek R. Karimberdiev¹, Sardor R. Kadirov², Nuritdin Y. Yunusaliyev¹

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.11, pp. 951-957, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.2211.951

Abstract This paper investigates the possibility of growing solid solutions of the composition (Ge₂)_1−x−y(GaAs_1−δBi_δ)_x(ZnSe)_y on silicon substrates using a germanium (Ge) buffer layer. The optimal conditions for obtaining a structurally high-quality epitaxial layer have been determined. In the study, the solid solution was obtained by liquid-phase epitaxy from a bismuth-containing melt solution. Epitaxial growth was carried out in a palladiumpurified hydrogen atmosphere at a cooling rate of 1 ÷ 1.5°C/min in the temperature range 750 ÷ 650°C. Experimental data showed that the growth of the epitaxial film significantly depends on the size of the gap between the… More >

Fan He^1,2,3,*, Xu He⁴, Jie Wang¹, Yu Hu⁵

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.11, pp. 939-949, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.2211.939

Abstract Selenium (Se) has garnered significant attention as a promising wide-bandgap material for photovoltaic applications. However, progress in enhancing the efficiency of Se solar cells remains limited. This study addresses this challenge by targeting the critical emitter/Se absorber interface for performance improvement. Through numerical simulations, we systematically investigate the impact of key interface properties—specifically, band alignment and defect characteristics—on device performance. Our results demonstrate that a slight positive conduction band offset (CBO) effectively strengthens absorber band bending and reduces hole concentration at the Se surface. Furthermore, minimizing interface defect density or incorporating donor-type defects significantly alleviates More >

Mudasir Ali¹, Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq², Urooj Akram², Nagwan Abdel Samee^3,*, Mona M. Jamjoom⁴, Imran Ashraf^5,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 1863-1901, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.070389 - 26 November 2025

Abstract Differentiating between regular and abnormal noises in machine-generated sounds is a crucial but difficult problem. For accurate audio signal classification, suitable and efficient techniques are needed, particularly machine learning approaches for automated classification. Due to the dynamic and diverse representative characteristics of audio data, the probability of achieving high classification accuracy is relatively low and requires further research efforts. This study proposes an ensemble model based on the LeNet and hierarchical attention mechanism (HAM) models with MFCC features to enhance the models’ capacity to handle bias. Additionally, CNNs, bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), CRNN, LSTM, capsule network More >

ZiQi Zhao, MingYang Xu, ChaoYang Sun, PeiPei Li^*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012382

Abstract Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is often utilized to obtain laser powder bed fused (LPBF) Ti-6Al-4V with good mechanical properties. To uncover the underlying mechanisms by which HIP improves the mechanical properties, several mechanisms are considered and examined against experimental data sets available in the literature. The results suggest that HIP improves mechanical properties by both reducing defect sizes below a critical threshold and altering the microstructure surrounding defects. Based on these findings, a pore healing model was developed, and optimized HIP processing parameter range (temperature, pressure, and soaking time) were proposed. Severe plastic deformation driven… More >

Hande İştar^1,#,*, Buğra Harmandar¹, Melike Korkmaz Toker², Fulden Cantaş Türkiş³

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 503-517, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068540 - 18 September 2025

Abstract Background: The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple, cost-effective marker of systemic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the association between perioperative NLR and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 70 patients under 18 years of age who underwent surgery between 2018 and 2023. NLR was measured preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified optimal cutoffs, and associations with postoperative outcomes were assessed. Results: The preoperative NLR cutoff of 1.14 (AUC = 0.75) was associated with More >