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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modeling and Experimental Verification of Electric Vehicles Off-Grid Photovoltaic Powered Charging Station

    Essam Hendawi1,*, Sattam Al Otaibi1, Sherif Zaid2,3,4, Ayman Hoballah1, Salah K. ElSayed1, Nagy I. Elkalashy1, Yasser Ahmed1

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.43, No.3, pp. 1009-1025, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.022927

    Abstract With the increasing development of EVs, the energy demand from the conventional utility grid increases in proportion. On the other hand, photovoltaic (PV) energy sources can overcome several problems when charging EVs from the utility grid especially in remote areas. This paper presents an effective photovoltaic stand-alone charging station for EV applications. The proposed charging station incorporates PV array, a lithium-ion battery representing the EV battery, and a lead-acid battery representing the energy storage system (ESS). A bidirectional DC-DC converter is employed for charging/discharging the ESS and a unidirectional DC-DC converter is utilized for charging the EV battery. The proposed… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Method for the Application of the ECMS (Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy) to Reduce Hydrogen Consumption in Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles

    Wen Sun, Hao Liu, Ming Han, Ke Sun, Shuzhan Bai*, Guoxiang Li*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 867-882, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.018923

    Abstract Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles are currently being considered as ideal means to solve the energy crisis and global warming in today’s society. In this context, this paper proposes a method to solve the problem related to the dependence of the so-called optimal equivalent factor (determined in the framework of the equivalent consumption minimum strategy-ECMS) on the working conditions. The simulation results show that under typical conditions (some representative cities being considered), the proposed strategy can maintain the power balance; for different initial battery’s states of charge (SOC), after the SOC stabilizes, the fuel consumption is 5.25 L/100 km. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improving the Efficiency of HEV Electronic Applications Using CAN-BUS Communication

    A. George Ansfer*, M. Marsaline Beno

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1455-1472, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.023058

    Abstract A new energy management technique with aid of Controller Area Network (CAN) bus for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is proposed in this research. HEV is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines with an electric propulsion system a conventional internal combustion engine system. The electric powertrain operation is intended to achieve greater fuel economy than a conventional vehicle. To accurately distribute power from one of the battery sources, the Energy Management System determines the reference speed for the electric motor drive and the internal combustion engine. The Proportional and Integral (PI) controller is used to maximize the gain of the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimization of the Cooling System of Electric Vehicle Batteries

    A. Heri Iswanto1,*, Iwan Harsono2, Alim Al Ayub Ahmed3, Sergushina Elena Sergeevna4, Stepan Krasnikov5, Rustem Zalilov6, John William Grimaldo Guerrero7, Liliya N. Latipova8, Safa Kareem Hachim9

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 835-850, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.019851

    Abstract The most important components of electrical vehicles are the battery and the related cooling system. These subsystems play a major role in determining the overall electric vehicle performances. In this study, a novel cooling system with fluid in the battery cell is proposed, by which the energy storage system can be optimized through control of the temperature of the batteries. A sensitivity analysis is conducted considering the maximum temperature, the heat rate, the coolant temperature, and the geometry of the cavities. The numerical simulations show that the parameters for the trapezoidal compartment have an impact on the thermal performance of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Towards Realistic Vibration Testing of Large Floor Batteries for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV)

    Benedikt Plaumann*

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.56, No.1, pp. 1-19, 2022, DOI:10.32604/sv.2022.018634

    Abstract This contribution shows an analysis of vibration measurement on large floor-mounted traction batteries of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV). The focus lies on the requirements for a realistic replication of the mechanical environments in a testing laboratory. Especially the analysis on global bending transfer functions and local corner bending coherence indicate that neither a fully stiff fixation of the battery nor a completely independent movement on the four corners yields a realistic and conservative test scenario. The contribution will further show what implication these findings have on future vibration & shock testing equipment for large traction batteries. Additionally, it will cover… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Bidirectional Interaction Model and Electric Energy Measuring Scheme of EVs for V2G with Distorted Power Loads

    Jiarui Cui1,2,*, Qing Li1,*, Bin Cao2,3, Xiangquan Li1, Qun Yan1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.3, pp. 1789-1806, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.017958

    Abstract With the increasing demand for petroleum resources and environmental issues, new energy electric vehicles are increasingly being used. However, the large number of electric vehicles connected to the grid has brought new challenges to the operation of the grid. Firstly, A novel bidirectional interaction model is established based on modulation theory with nonlinear loads. Then, the electric energy measuring scheme of EVs for V2G is derived under the conditions of distorted power loads. The scheme is composed of fundamental electric energy, fundamental-distorted electric energy, distorted-fundamental electric energy and distorted electric energy. And the characteristics of each electric energy are analyzed.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of ANFIS Model for Thailand’s Electric Vehicle Consumption

    Narongkorn Uthathip1,*, Pornrapeepat Bhasaputra1, Woraratana Pattaraprakorn2

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.42, No.1, pp. 69-86, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.020120

    Abstract Generally, road transport is a major energy-consuming sector. Fuel consumption of each vehicle is an important factor that affects the overall energy consumption, driving behavior and vehicle characteristic are the main factors affecting the change of vehicle fuel consumption. It is difficult to analyze the influence of fuel consumption with multiple and complex factors. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) approach was employed to develop a vehicle fuel consumption model based on multivariate input. The ANFIS network was constructed by various experiments based on the ANFIS Parameter setting. The performance of the ANFIS network was validated using Root Mean Square… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    CFD-Based Numerical Analysis of the Thermal Characteristics of an Electric Vehicle Power Battery

    Yaya Wang1,*, Chao Ma2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.1, pp. 159-171, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.017743

    Abstract Towards the end to solve the problem of temperature rise in the power battery of electric vehicles, a method based on the coupling of electrochemical, thermal and hydrodynamic aspects is implemented. The method relies on the COMSOL Multiphysics software, which is used here to simulate the thermal behaviour, the related fluid-dynamics and the life attenuation of the power battery. A 3D battery model is built assuming a cylindrical geometry. The diameter of the battery is 18 mm, and its length is 65 mm. The battery charges and discharges at 3C, and the initial temperature is 25°C. Intake flow is set to 0.5 m/s… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of Fuzzy FoPID Controller for Energy Reshaping in Grid Connected PV Inverters for Electric Vehicles

    M. Manjusha1,*, T. S. Sivarani2, Carol J. Jerusalin1

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 621-641, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.020560

    Abstract By utilizing Fuzzy based FOPID-controller, this work is designed via the energy reshaping concept for Grid connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems for electric vehicles and this PV module has its own inverter which is synchorised with the utility grid. In grid connected PV system, the mitigation plays an important role where the capacity of PV arrays increases it maintains power quality and it is necessary to comply with some requirements such as harmonic mitigation. Unless a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is used, PV systems do not continuously produce their theoretical optimal power. Under various atmospheric conditions, MPPT is obtained… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    AI Based Traffic Flow Prediction Model for Connected and Autonomous Electric Vehicles

    P. Thamizhazhagan1,*, M. Sujatha2, S. Umadevi3, K. Priyadarshini4, Velmurugan Subbiah Parvathy5, Irina V. Pustokhina6, Denis A. Pustokhin7

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3333-3347, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020197

    Abstract There is a paradigm shift happening in automotive industry towards electric vehicles as environment and sustainability issues gained momentum in the recent years among potential users. Connected and Autonomous Electric Vehicle (CAEV) technologies are fascinating the automakers and inducing them to manufacture connected autonomous vehicles with self-driving features such as autopilot and self-parking. Therefore, Traffic Flow Prediction (TFP) is identified as a major issue in CAEV technologies which needs to be addressed with the help of Deep Learning (DL) techniques. In this view, the current research paper presents an artificial intelligence-based parallel autoencoder for TFP, abbreviated as AIPAE-TFP model in… More >

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