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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    FPGA Accelerators for Computing Interatomic Potential-Based Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Gold Nanoparticles: Exploring Different Communication Protocols

    Ankitkumar Patel1, Srivathsan Vasudevan1,*, Satya Bulusu2,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 3803-3818, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.052851 - 12 September 2024

    Abstract Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation for computing Interatomic Potential (IAP) is a very important High-Performance Computing (HPC) application. MD simulation on particles of experimental relevance takes huge computation time, despite using an expensive high-end server. Heterogeneous computing, a combination of the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a computer, is proposed as a solution to compute MD simulation efficiently. In such heterogeneous computation, communication between FPGA and Computer is necessary. One such MD simulation, explained in the paper, is the (Artificial Neural Network) ANN-based IAP computation of gold (Au147 & Au309) nanoparticles. MD simulation calculates the forces… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Quantization and Model Compression Approach for Hardware Accelerators in Edge Computing

    Fangzhou He1,3, Ke Ding1,2, Dingjiang Yan3, Jie Li3,*, Jiajun Wang1,2, Mingzhe Chen1,2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.2, pp. 3021-3045, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.053632 - 15 August 2024

    Abstract Massive computational complexity and memory requirement of artificial intelligence models impede their deployability on edge computing devices of the Internet of Things (IoT). While Power-of-Two (PoT) quantization is proposed to improve the efficiency for edge inference of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), existing PoT schemes require a huge amount of bit-wise manipulation and have large memory overhead, and their efficiency is bounded by the bottleneck of computation latency and memory footprint. To tackle this challenge, we present an efficient inference approach on the basis of PoT quantization and model compression. An integer-only scalar PoT quantization (IOS-PoT)… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A New Speed Limit Recognition Methodology Based on Ensemble Learning: Hardware Validation

    Mohamed Karray1,*, Nesrine Triki2,*, Mohamed Ksantini2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.1, pp. 119-138, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051562 - 18 July 2024

    Abstract Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) technologies can assist drivers or be part of automatic driving systems to support the driving process and improve the level of safety and comfort on the road. Traffic Sign Recognition System (TSRS) is one of the most important components of ADAS. Among the challenges with TSRS is being able to recognize road signs with the highest accuracy and the shortest processing time. Accordingly, this paper introduces a new real time methodology recognizing Speed Limit Signs based on a trio of developed modules. Firstly, the Speed Limit Detection (SLD) module uses… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Identification of Important FPGA Modules Based on Complex Network

    Senjie Zhang1,2, Jinbo Wang2,*, Shan Zhou2, Jingpei Wang2,3, Zhenyong Zhang4,*, Ruixue Wang2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.1, pp. 1027-1047, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046355 - 30 January 2024

    Abstract The globalization of hardware designs and supply chains, as well as the integration of third-party intellectual property (IP) cores, has led to an increased focus from malicious attackers on computing hardware. However, existing defense or detection approaches often require additional circuitry to perform security verification, and are thus constrained by time and resource limitations. Considering the scale of actual engineering tasks and tight project schedules, it is usually difficult to implement designs for all modules in field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits. Some studies have pointed out that the failure of key modules tends to… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Secure Device Management Scheme with Audio-Based Location Distinction in IoT

    Haifeng Lin1,2, Xiangfeng Liu2, Chen Chen2, Zhibo Liu2, Dexin Zhao3, Yiwen Zhang4, Weizhuang Li4, Mingsheng Cao5,6,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.1, pp. 939-956, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.028656 - 22 September 2023

    Abstract Identifying a device and detecting a change in its position is critical for secure devices management in the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, a device management system is proposed to track the devices by using audio-based location distinction techniques. In the proposed scheme, traditional cryptographic techniques, such as symmetric encryption algorithm, RSA-based signcryption scheme, and audio-based secure transmission, are utilized to provide authentication, non-repudiation, and confidentiality in the information interaction of the management system. Moreover, an audio-based location distinction method is designed to detect the position change of the devices. Specifically, the audio… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Optimized Implementation of a Novel Nonlinear Filter for Color Image Restoration

    Turki M. Alanazi*

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.2, pp. 1553-1568, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.039686 - 21 June 2023

    Abstract Image processing is becoming more popular because images are being used increasingly in medical diagnosis, biometric monitoring, and character recognition. But these images are frequently contaminated with noise, which can corrupt subsequent image processing stages. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel nonlinear filter for removing “salt and pepper” impulsive noise from a complex color image. The new filter is called the Modified Vector Directional Filter (MVDF). The suggested method is based on the traditional Vector Directional Filter (VDF). However, before the candidate pixel is processed by the VDF, the MVDF employs a threshold… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Temperature-Triggered Hardware Trojan Based Algebraic Fault Analysis of SKINNY-64-64 Lightweight Block Cipher

    Lei Zhu, Jinyue Gong, Liang Dong*, Cong Zhang

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.3, pp. 5521-5537, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.037336 - 29 April 2023

    Abstract SKINNY-64-64 is a lightweight block cipher with a 64-bit block length and key length, and it is mainly used on the Internet of Things (IoT). Currently, faults can be injected into cryptographic devices by attackers in a variety of ways, but it is still difficult to achieve a precisely located fault attacks at a low cost, whereas a Hardware Trojan (HT) can realize this. Temperature, as a physical quantity incidental to the operation of a cryptographic device, is easily overlooked. In this paper, a temperature-triggered HT (THT) is designed, which, when activated, causes a specific… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Efficient Authentication Scheme for UAV-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing

    Maryam Alhassan, Abdul Raouf Khan*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.2, pp. 2727-2740, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.037129 - 31 March 2023

    Abstract Preserving privacy is imperative in the new unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) architecture to ensure that sensitive information is protected and kept secure throughout the communication. Simultaneously, efficiency must be considered while developing such a privacy-preserving scheme because the devices involved in these architectures are resource constrained. This study proposes a lightweight and efficient authentication scheme for the UAV-assisted MEC environment. The proposed scheme is a hardware-based password-less authentication mechanism that is based on the fact that temporal and memory-related efficiency can be significantly improved while maintaining the data security by adopting… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Exploiting the Direct Link in IRS Assisted NOMA Networks with Hardware Impairments

    Ziwei Liu1, Xinwei Yue1,*, Shuo Chen1, Xuliang Liu2, Yafei Wang1, Wanwei Tang3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.136, No.1, pp. 767-785, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.025300 - 05 January 2023

    Abstract Hardware impairments (HI) are always present in low-cost wireless devices. This paper investigates the outage behaviors of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks by taking into account the impact of HI. Specifically, we derive the approximate and asymptotic expressions of the outage probability for the IRS-NOMA-HI networks. Based on the asymptotic results, the diversity orders under perfect self-interference cancellation and imperfect self-interference cancellation scenarios are obtained to evaluate the performance of the considered network. In addition, the system throughput of IRS-NOMA-HI is discussed in delay-limited mode. The obtained results are provided More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Secure Scan Design Based on Delayed Physical Unclonable Function

    Weizheng Wang1,2, Xingxing Gong1, Xiangqi Wang3, Gwang-jun Kim4,*, Fayez Alqahtani5, Amr Tolba6

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.3, pp. 6605-6622, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.031617 - 28 December 2022

    Abstract The advanced integrated circuits have been widely used in various situations including the Internet of Things, wireless communication, etc. But its manufacturing process exists unreliability, so cryptographic chips must be rigorously tested. Due to scan testing provides high test coverage, it is applied to the testing of cryptographic integrated circuits. However, while providing good controllability and observability, it also provides attackers with a backdoor to steal keys. In the text, a novel protection scheme is put forward to resist scan-based attacks, in which we first use the responses generated by a strong physical unclonable function More >

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