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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review of the Applications of Nanofluids and Related Hybrid Variants in Flat Tube Car Radiators

    Saeed Dinarvand*, Amirmohammad Abbasi, Sogol Gharsi

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 37-60, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.057545 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The present review explores the promising role of nanofluids and related hybrid variants in enhancing the efficiency of flat tube car radiators. As vehicles become more advanced and demand better thermal performance, traditional coolants are starting to fall short. Nanofluids, which involve tiny nanoparticles dispersed into standard cooling liquids, offer a new solution by significantly improving heat transfer capabilities. The article categorizes the different types of nanofluids (ranging from those based on metals and metal oxides to carbon materials and hybrid combinations) and examines their effects on the improvement of radiator performance. General consensus More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Thermo-Hydraulic Performances of Microchannel Heat Sinks with Different Types of Perforated Rectangular Blocks

    Heng Zhao1, Honghua Ma2, Hui Liu1, Xiang Yan1, Huaqing Yu1, Yongjun Xiao1, Xiao Xiao3,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 87-105, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.056577 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The behavior of single-phase flow and conjugate heat transfer in micro-channel heat sinks (MCHS) subjected to a uniform heat flux is investigated by means of numerical simulations. Various geometrical configurations are examined, particularly, the combinations of rectangular solid and perforated blocks, used to create a disturbance in the flow. The analysis focuses on several key aspects and related metrics, including the temperature distribution, the mean Fanning friction factor, the pressure drop, the Nusselt number, and the overall heat transfer coefficient across a range of Reynolds numbers (80–870). It is shown that the introduction of such More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modeling Thermophysical Properties of Hybrid Nanofluids: Foundational Research for Future Photovoltaic Thermal Applications

    Chakar Khadija*, El Mouden Mahmoud, Hajjaji Abdelowahed

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.1, pp. 61-70, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.053458 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract The primary objective of this study is to develop an innovative theoretical model to accurately predict the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids designed to enhance cooling in solar panel applications. This research lays the groundwork for our future studies, which will focus on photovoltaic thermal applications. These nanofluids consist of water and nanoparticles of alumina (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and copper (Cu), exploring volumetric concentrations ranging from 0% to 4% for each type of nanoparticle, and up to 10% for total mixtures. The developed model accounts for complex interactions between the nanoparticles and the base fluid, More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Climate Change and Congenital Heart Disease: A Narrative Review

    Ethan Katznelson1, Matthew J. Navarro2, Su Yuan1, Dhurv S. Kazi3, Harsimran S. Singh1,*

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.19, No.6, pp. 627-634, 2024, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.062309 - 27 January 2025

    Abstract Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. While genetic factors play a significant role in its development, up to 30% of CHD is associated with modifiable risk factors and external maternal exposures. Climate change, driven by increased atmospheric pollutants from fossil fuel combustion, leads to rising global temperatures and worsening air quality, which pose emerging threats to maternal and fetal health. This review explores the mechanisms by which environmental factors associated with climate change, specifically extreme heat and air pollution, may influence… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Bacterial Inoculation and Co-Inoculation Improves Durum Wheat Productivity in Alkaline Calcareous Soils

    Bouazza Chami1,2, Nabil Touzout2, Souad Guemouri-Athmani1, Djamel Baali-Cherif3, Adil Mihoub4, Jakub Černý5,*, Muhammad Farhan Saeed6, Aftab Jamal7,*, Hayi Mohamed Yassine8, Yaser Hassan Dewir9, Aurelio Scavo10

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.12, pp. 3313-3329, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.059865 - 31 December 2024

    Abstract Intensive agricultural practices have undeniably reduced soil fertility and crop productivity. Furthermore, alkaline calcareous soils represent a significant challenge for agricultural production, particularly durum wheat, which is vital for ensuring food security. It is therefore essential to explore new cereal management strategies to maintain food production and promote crop sustainability. The application of soil microorganisms, particularly plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as inoculants to enhance crop production is a growing area of interest. This study investigates the effects of the rhizobacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa SGH1 and SGK2, applied both individually and in combination, on the growth and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Growth, Yield, Energetics, CO2 Emissions and Production Economics of Zero-Tillage Wheat as Influenced by Different Rice Residue Loads and Nutrient Management Options

    Mallepu S Likhitha Reddy1, Biplab Mitra1, Ahmed Gaber2, Akbar Hossain3,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.12, pp. 3509-3530, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.056789 - 31 December 2024

    Abstract The rice‒wheat farming system is considered as the greatest energy-intensive agricultural practice in South‒East Asia. In light of declining system production and profitability, burning of residues, soil erosion, depletion of renewable resources, and environmental degradation, the sustainability of the rice‒wheat cropping system is being questioned. As a result, energy and money efficient conservation agricultural methods are becoming more and more necessary to accomplish sustainable output. A field experiment was carried out in this regard to evaluate the effects of varying degrees of rice residue retention and nutrient management options on zero-tillage grown wheat growth, yield,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation of Wellbore Temperature Dynamics during Cement Setting in Deepwater Shallow Formations

    Jing Li, Bo Ning*, Bin Li, Dezhi Qiu

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.12, pp. 2927-2939, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.057388 - 23 December 2024

    Abstract Offshore deepwater cementing generally faces more challenges than onshore cementing. Shallow formations in deepwater wells often exhibit low structural strength, high porosity, and are prone to shallow gas influx and hydrate formation. These factors require careful control of hydration heat. In this article, we examine the key factors influencing temperature fluctuations in the wellbore and develop a temperature model that accounts for the thermal effects related to cement slurry circulation and hydration. This model is then applied to a deepwater shallow formation cementing case study. The results show that: (1) When cement slurry is displaced More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing Thermal Performance of Building Envelopes Using Hemp Wool and Wood Wool with Phase Change Materials

    Salma Kouzzi1,*, Mouniba Redah1, Souad Morsli2, Mohammed El Ganaoui3, Mohammed Lhassane Lahlaouti1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.12, pp. 2741-2755, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.055890 - 23 December 2024

    Abstract This study investigates the potential for enhancing the thermal performance of external walls insulation in warmer climates through the combination of phase change materials (PCMs) and bio-based materials, specifically hemp wool and wood wool. Experimental tests using the heat flow method (HFM), and numerical simulations with ANSYS Fluent software were conducted to assess the dynamic thermal distribution and fluid-mechanical aspects of phase change materials (PCMs) within composite walls. The results demonstrate a notable reduction in peak indoor temperatures, achieving a 58% reduction with hemp wool with a close 40% reduction with wood wool when combined More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multifunctional Films Based on Wheat Gluten and Microencapsulated Thyme Essential Oil

    Norma E. Marcovich1, Matías Federico Hernández1,2, María Roberta Ansorena2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.12, pp. 2049-2068, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.055151 - 20 December 2024

    Abstract In this work, active and edible films for food packaging were obtained by intensive mixing and compression molding of the wheat gluten (WG) glycerol-plasticized paste. Thyme essential oil (TEO, 10 and 15 wt.%) was incorporated as the active component microencapsulated in β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and included directly into the biopolymer matrix for comparison. It was found that films incorporating microencapsulated TEO are more soluble in water (total soluble matter (dry method) of about 33% and 36.6% vs. 22.4% and 18.6%, for films containing 10% and 15% TEO, respectively) but less rigid than those obtained with free oil… More > Graphic Abstract

    Multifunctional Films Based on Wheat Gluten and Microencapsulated Thyme Essential Oil

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    CHART: Intelligent Crime Hotspot Detection and Real-Time Tracking Using Machine Learning

    Rashid Ahmad1, Asif Nawaz1,*, Ghulam Mustafa1, Tariq Ali1, Mehdi Tlija2, Mohammed A. El-Meligy3,4, Zohair Ahmed5

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.3, pp. 4171-4194, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.056971 - 19 December 2024

    Abstract Crime hotspot detection is essential for law enforcement agencies to allocate resources effectively, predict potential criminal activities, and ensure public safety. Traditional methods of crime analysis often rely on manual, time-consuming processes that may overlook intricate patterns and correlations within the data. While some existing machine learning models have improved the efficiency and accuracy of crime prediction, they often face limitations such as overfitting, imbalanced datasets, and inadequate handling of spatiotemporal dynamics. This research proposes an advanced machine learning framework, CHART (Crime Hotspot Analysis and Real-time Tracking), designed to overcome these challenges. The proposed methodology… More >

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