Yusuf Ahmed Yusuf^1,2,3, Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd Shafri^1,3,*, Kamil Muhammad Kafi^4,5,*, Siti Nur Aliaa Roslan^1,3, Jibrin Gambo^3,6

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.35, pp. 491-508, 2026, DOI:10.32604/rig.2026.084692 - 07 August 2026

Abstract Urbanization alters land surface characteristics, intensifies urban heat, and degrades air quality, posing significant environmental and public health challenges. This study investigated the relationship between urban land surface temperature (LST) and air pollution in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria, using Earth observation data, geospatial techniques, and correlation analysis. Land use/land cover (LULC) analysis revealed that built-up areas account for 67.4% of the metropolitan area, contributing to elevated land surface temperatures, particularly within the densely urbanized local government areas of Kano Municipal, Gwale, Ungogo, Dala, and Fagge, as demonstrated by the LST and Urban Heat Island (UHI) analyses.… More >

Lianglei Yin¹, Shuhong Li^1,*, Jun Wu², Jianbing Zhu², Jingjie An², Wei Sheng³

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.9, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.084035 - 06 August 2026

Abstract To reduce the reheating energy consumption in traditional constant temperature and humidity air conditioning systems, a constant temperature and humidity air conditioning system with condensation heat compensation function is proposed. This system performs reheating treatment on the supply air by combining condensation heat recovery with electric heating, realizing decoupled control of temperature and humidity and ensuring control accuracy. A system model and corresponding experimental platform are established to verify the model’s accuracy, and the experimental results show that the system has a temperature control accuracy of ±0.2°C and a relative humidity control accuracy of ±2%. More >

Ayoube Baalla^*, Mourad Najjaoui, Thami Ait-Taleb, Hassan Chaib

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.083469 - 31 July 2026

Abstract The complex interplay of heat transfer mechanisms, namely conduction, natural convection, and radiation, within hollow block roofs exposed to solar irradiation gives rise to an inherently nonlinear thermal exchange problem. A key yet insufficiently explored question is the extent to which this nonlinearity governs the macroscopic thermal behavior of roofing systems. In this study, a computational investigation is conducted on two roof configurations incorporating five hollow block geometries representative of common construction practices in hot climatic regions. The objective is to identify the optimal design capable of minimizing heat losses and thereby enhancing the overall… More >

Lishuang Zheng^1,*, Fengjun Chen²

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.083363 - 31 July 2026

Abstract A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) numerical framework is established in this article to comprehensively uncover the flow evolution laws and gas-liquid phase-change heat transfer mechanisms of vertical falling film with high Reynolds numbers (Re). Systematic numerical analysis are carried out to characterize the liquid film spatial distribution, flow velocity field, internal turbulent vortex structures and comprehensive heat transfer behaviors. The swirl-induced coherent structures are identified using velocity vectors and vortex-detection criteria, and the influences of swirl angle, channel width, and platform height on film thickness distribution and thermal performance are examined. Model validation is performed through… More >

Xuewen Cao^*, Zhe Chen, Gaoya Ding, Wei You

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.22, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.080209 - 31 July 2026

Abstract A two-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model, grounded in classical nucleation theory, is developed to investigate CO₂ frosting and the associated heat transfer under cryogenic conditions. The model integrates gas–solid phase-change kinetics with multiphysics transport equations to capture the coupled phenomena governing frost formation. The Peng–Robinson equation of state is employed to predict CO₂ frost points in binary mixtures, with model predictions validated against experimental data, yielding errors in frost thickness and thermal conductivity below 15%. The results demonstrate that decreasing the cryogenic wall temperature from 160 K to 150 K increases the average frost thickness… More >

Jolyon Dodgson^*, Anna K. Marks, David J. Marks

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082701 - 30 July 2026

Abstract Stress can result in up to 70% losses during crop production. Plants are exposed to abiotic stresses, such as drought or salt, or biotic stresses, such as fungal pathogens like powdery mildew or septoria. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling is a part of a common response to plant stresses, but excessive ROS can be damaging. Plants produce antioxidants to reduce ROS. Wheat plants were exposed to drought stress, salt stress, and biotic stress from powdery mildew and septoria. In a glasshouse, wheat plants were treated with a functional fertiliser (Indra containing Oxygon chemistry, Levity Crop… More >

Jurica Duvnjak¹, Daniel Kujundzic², Katarina Sunic Budimir¹, John C. D’Auria², Valentina Spanic^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.082576 - 30 July 2026

Abstract In this study, metabolomic profiling using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed clear distinctions between Fusarium-infected and control wheat spikes, as shown by the separate clustering of infected samples. Out of 222 detected features, eight were found to be significantly altered in infected spikes compared to controls, highlighting specific metabolic changes associated with the plant’s response to Fusarium head blight (FHB) stress. In response to Fusarium infection, wheat exhibited significant metabolic reprogramming, with both reductions and accumulations of key metabolites. A decrease in 3-methoxytyramine (28.9–85.3%), octylamine, malic acid, and homonojirimycin suggests their early involvement in defence-related pathways… More >

Lei Yang^1,2, Yiyun Hu¹, Xianglong Yang^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.148, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.083905 - 27 July 2026

Abstract Accurate prediction of entropy generation in nanofluid turbulent convection is essential for optimizing thermal system efficiency, yet remains challenging due to complex near-wall phenomena and thermal property variations with temperature. This study applied an elliptic blending turbulence model (SST k-ω-φ-α) to numerically analyze entropy generation in alumina-water nanofluid flow through a uniformly heated circular tube. The model’s performance was validated using both experimental data and established heat transfer and fluid flow correlations at small wall-bulk temperature difference condition, and its superiority was rigorously evaluated against two widely adopted turbulence models (SST k-ω and realizable k-ε).… More >

Wei Lee¹, Hung-Yu Lin^1,2,*, Pei-Yi Chu^1,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078813 - 16 July 2026

Abstract Background: Guanylate kinase 1 (GUK1) is crucial for nucleotide metabolism, yet its impact on breast cancer (BC) progression remains poorly defined. The objective of the present study is to investigate GUK1 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Methods: We employed a multi-omics approach integrating The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, machine learning algorithm, High-Definition spatial transcriptomics (Visium HD), single-cell profiling, molecular docking and experimental validation including in vitro knockdown models and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Results: LASSO regression identified GUK1 as a key metabolic driver. High expression correlated significantly with poor survival and was most pronounced in… More >

Kiran A. S.¹, Dayakar G. Devaru^1,*, Mohan N.², Bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan³

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.080851 - 12 July 2026

Abstract The dairy processing industries are energy-intensive because of the high level of thermal and refrigeration processes. In this study, a large-scale dairy processing unit in South India has been analyzed thermodynamically and optimized by applying integrated energy and exergy analysis along with heat exchanger network (HEN) optimization. The operational data of one year of a plant manufacturing milk, curd, butter and ghee was analysed. Estimation of theoretical electrical and thermal energy requirements was carried out and compared with the actual plant energy consumption. The exergy analysis was used to identify the thermodynamic irreversibilities and the… More > Graphic Abstract