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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Topology Optimization of Orthotropic Materials Using the Improved Element-Free Galerkin (IEFG) Method

    Wenna He, Yichen Yang, Dongqiong Liang, Heng Cheng*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.1, pp. 1415-1414, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.059839 - 26 March 2025

    Abstract In this paper, we develop an advanced computational framework for the topology optimization of orthotropic materials using meshless methods. The approximation function is established based on the improved moving least squares (IMLS) method, which enhances the efficiency and stability of the numerical solution. The numerical solution formulas are derived using the improved element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method. We introduce the solid isotropic microstructures with penalization (SIMP) model to formulate a mathematical model for topology optimization, which effectively penalizes intermediate densities. The optimization problem is defined with the numerical solution formula and volume fraction as constraints. The… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerically and Experimentally Establishing Rheology Law for AISI 1045 Steel Based on Uniaxial Hot Compression Tests

    Josef Walek*, Petr Lichý

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.3, pp. 3135-3153, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.059889 - 03 March 2025

    Abstract Plastometric experiments, supplemented with numerical simulations using the finite element method (FEM), can be advantageously used to characterize the deformation behavior of metallic materials. The accuracy of such simulations predicting deformation behaviors of materials is, however, primarily affected by the applied rheology law. The presented study focuses on the characterization of the deformation behavior of AISI 1045 type carbon steel, widely used e.g., in automotive and power engineering, under extreme conditions (i.e., high temperatures, strain rates). The study consists of two main parts: experimentally analyzing the flow stress development of the steel under different thermomechanical… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Biomechanical Study of Different Scaffold Designs for Reconstructing a Traumatic Distal Femur Defect Using Patient-Specific Computational Modeling

    Hsien-Tsung Lu1,2, Ching-Chi Hsu3,*, Qi-Quan Jian3, Wei-Ting Chen4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1883-1898, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.057675 - 27 January 2025

    Abstract Reconstruction of a traumatic distal femur defect remains a therapeutic challenge. Bone defect implants have been proposed to substitute the bone defect, and their biomechanical performances can be analyzed via a numerical approach. However, the material assumptions for past computational human femur simulations were mainly homogeneous. Thus, this study aimed to design and analyze scaffolds for reconstructing the distal femur defect using a patient-specific finite element modeling technique. A three-dimensional finite element model of the human femur with accurate geometry and material distribution was developed using the finite element method and material mapping technique. An… More > Graphic Abstract

    Biomechanical Study of Different Scaffold Designs for Reconstructing a Traumatic Distal Femur Defect Using Patient-Specific Computational Modeling

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Programmable Mechanical Properties of Additive Manufactured Novel Steel

    Jinlong Su1,2, Chaolin Tan2,*, Swee Leong Sing1,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012733

    Abstract Tailoring thermal history during additive manufacturing (AM) offers a viable approach to customising the microstructure and properties of materials without changing alloy compositions, which is generally overlooked as it is hard to achieve in commercial materials. In this work, a customised Fe-Ni-Ti-Al maraging steel with rapid precipitation kinetics offers the opportunity to leverage thermal history during AM for achieving large-range tunable strength-ductility combinations without post heat treatment or changing alloy chemistry. The Fe-Ni-Ti-Al maraging steel was processed by laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) with different deposition strategies to tailor the thermal history. As the phase transformation… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Wall-Thickness Dependent Microstructure Evolution of GH4169 Thin-Walled Components Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

    Zhancai Zhan1, Penghang Ling1, Wugui Jiang1,*, Tao Chen1, Qinghua Qin2,3, Longhui Mao1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011400

    Abstract In the intricate and multi-physical process of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), the microstructure significantly influences the performance of the resulting components, particularly evident in the manufacturing of thin-walled structures. In this paper, a prediction model of microstructure evolution coupled with 3D cellular automaton (CA) and finite element (FE) method for thin-walled components of GH4169 fabricated by LPBF is established. In this model, the multi-layer and multi-track temperature field within the interest region of thin-walled parts is simulated by the FE method. Subsequently, the temperature history is transferred to the CA model for predicting the… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    In-Situ Carbide-Reinforced NiCoCr Medium-Entropy Alloy Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion; Fabrication, Microstructure, Mechanical Property, and High Temperature Oxidation Behavior

    Kee-Ahn Lee1,*, So-Yeon Park1, Soo-Bin Kim1, Young-Kyun Kim1,2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012196

    Abstract NiCoCr medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) with controlled interstitial C contents were fabricated by using powder bed fusion-type additive manufacturing (AM) process. And the microstructure, mechanical properties, and high temperature oxidation resistance of in-situ carbide-reinforced NiCoCr Medium alloy were investigated. The initial microstructure shows that both AM-built interstitial C-doped MEAs had a heterogeneous grain structure and epitaxial growth grains along the building direction. The analysis of electron channeling contrast images showed a large amount of nano-sized precipitates (in-situ precipitates) distributed at the sub-structure boundaries formed by a dislocation network, and a large number of stacking faults were simultaneously observed inside the sub-structure. A… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Multi-Scale Microstructure Manipulation of an Additively Manufactured CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy for Superior Mechanical Properties and Tunable Mechanical Anisotropy

    Chenze Li1, Manish Jain1,2, Qian Liu1, Zhuohan Cao1, Michael Ferry3, Jamie J. Kruzic1, Bernd Gludovatz1, Xiaopeng Li1,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011290

    Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) technology has become a versatile tool for producing new microstructures in metal components, offering novel mechanical properties for different applications. In this work, enhanced ductility (~55% elongation) and tunable mechanical anisotropy (ratio of ductility along vertical to horizontal orientation from ~0.2 to ~1) were achieved for a CoCrNi medium entropy alloy (MEA) by multi-scale synergistic microstructure manipulation (i.e., melt pool boundary, grain morphology and crystallographic texture) through adjusting key LPBF processing parameters (e.g., laser power and scan speed). By increasing the volumetric energy density (VED) from 68.3… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Microstructure Refinement for Superior Ductility of Al–Si Alloy by Electron Beam Melting Additive Manufacturing

    Huakang Bian1,3,*, Yufan Zhao2,3, Akihiko Chiba3

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012491

    Abstract Refining the Si phase in Al‒Si alloy has been a research interest for decades. Previous studies suggested many Al- and Si-enriched nano-segments (approximately 100 nm) can coexist in a melted Al–Si liquid solution when they were reheated to a temperature between 1080 and 1290 °C. These nano-segments could be retained to become crystal nuclei and grew into fine grains under a very fast cooling rate. Thus, this provides a novel approach of refining the microstructure of Al–Si alloy using electron beam melting (EBM) technology because the temperature exceeds 1500 °C in the melting pool with… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Quantitative Characterization of Microstructural Inhomogeneity: Integrating Ultrasonic Scattering Mechanisms from Multi-Features in Additive Manufactured Microstructures

    Junfei Tai1, Zheng Fan1,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011059

    Abstract The non-destructive characterization of material microstructures presents a significant and enduring challenge in the field. The sensitivity of elastic waves to the nuances of microstructural parameters positions ultrasound as a viable and potent method for non-destructive evaluation. However, enhancing the interaction between elastic waves and the internal microstructure typically involves utilizing wavelengths larger than the microstructural features, thereby rendering ultrasonic scattering as the predominant mechanism. This interaction is complicated by the fact that fundamental microstructural characteristics, such as grain size, morphology, and texture intensity, exert considerable and intertwined effects on ultrasonic scattering, complicating their separate… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Predominant Leptadenia pyrotechnica Alkali-Treated Fiber Composites: Characteristics Analysis

    Aruna M. Pugalenthi*, Khaoula Khlie

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.11, pp. 1879-1893, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.055747 - 22 November 2024

    Abstract With growing environmental concerns and the depletion of oil reserves, the need to replace synthetic fibres with sustainable alternatives in composite materials has become increasingly urgent. This study investigates the potential of Leptadenia pyrotechnica fibre as a sustainable reinforcement material in hybrid composites alongside E-glass fibres. The primary objectives are to assess these hybrid composites’ mechanical properties, structural integrity, and performance. To achieve this, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition of the composites. At the same time, mechanical testing focused on properties such… More >

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