Chunxue Yang^*, Yajie Liu, Wenna Zhao, Na Wang

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.3, pp. 719-729, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015024

Abstract To understand arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi resources and develop AM fungal species in ornamental plants with saline-alkaline tolerances, Iris lactea, which grows in the Songnen saline-alkaline grassland with a high ornamental value, was selected as the experimental material, and the colonization characteristics of its roots and the AM fungal diversity in its rhizosphere were explored. The results of the observations and calculations of mycorrhizae from ten different samples showed that AM fungi colonized the roots of I. lactea and formed Arum-type mycorrhizal structures. There was a significant correlation between soil spore density and pH value, while the colonization rate showed… More >

Sadia Nadir^1,2,3, Sehroon Khan¹, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe^1,2, Saowaluck Tibpromma^1,2, Shahid Iqbal^1,2, Jianchu Xu^1,2,*, Peter Mortimer^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.3, pp. 1031-1039, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.012075

Abstract During a survey of soil fungi in Yunnan Province, several isolates of Aspergillus were obtained. Based on morphology and molecular analyses of internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), β-tubulin and calmodulin (CaM) genes sequences, two isolates were identified as Aspergillus vadensis (section Nigri). A phylogenetic tree, detailed descriptions, illustrations and scanned electron microscopy morphology are provided for the new isolates. This is the first record of A. vadensis from China. More >

Zhichao Lou^1,2, Tiancheng Yuan¹, Qiuyi Wang¹, Xinwu Wu¹, Shouheng Hu¹, Xiaomeng Hao¹, Xianmiao Liu^3,*, Yanjun Li^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.5, pp. 959-977, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.014285

Abstract This work aimed to help the bamboo industry develop methodology for producing imperfection-free bamboo boards that can serve either decorative or structural benefit to consumers seeking to engage with the bioeconomy. Specifi- cally, softened and slotted bamboo tubes were handled by a roller device with nails to render crack-free flattened bamboo board. Softening temperature and time were optimized herein according to findings regarding chemical composition and board mechanical properties. The optimal softening parameters for saturated steam heat treatment is proved to be 160°C for 8 minutes. The flattened bamboo board possesses an increased bending strength of 101.5 MPa and a… More >

Morteza Okhovvat^1,∗, Mohsen Sharifi^2,†, Behrouz Minaei Bidgoli^2,‡

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.35, No.6, pp. 423-430, 2020, DOI:10.32604/csse.2020.35.423

Abstract The processing of any natural language requires that the grammatical properties of every word in that language are tagged by a part of speech (POS) tagger. To present a more accurate POS tagger for the Persian language, we propose an improved and accurate tagger called IAoM that supports properties of text to speech systems such as Lexical Stress Search, Homograph words Disambiguation, Break Phrase Detection, and main aspects of Persian morphology. IAoM uses Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) to determine the tags of unknown words. In addition, it uses a few defined rules for the sake of achieving high accuracy. For… More >

Hailin Shi^#, Shiwei Sun^#, Xiaohong Liu, Jiahe Fan, Jin Wang, Ke Zhao, Wei Wang^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 159-170, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011620

Abstract Allelopathic plants are important resources for the discovery of bioherbicides. Rosebay willowherb [Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. syn. Epilobium angustifolium L.] widely distributes in Western Asia, Europe, and North America, and behaves as a dominant species within the community due to the production of substances that restrict growth of other plants. This study aims at investigating the allelopathic potential of rosebay willowherb by evaluation of the effects of aqueous extracts from different parts on seed germination and seedling growth in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), as well as measuring the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and structural analysis of root tips via… More >

Huiyun Li, Ye Liu, Sumei Chen, Jiafu Jiang, Aiping Song, Weimin Fang, Fadi Chen^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 851-859, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.012361

Abstract Black spot disease, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria tenuissima (Fr.) Wiltsh (A. tenuissima), is considered a highly destructive disease of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.). A set of 17 accessions of commercial chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated for resistance to A. tenuissima by seedling artificial inoculation. It was found that the reaction of the accessions to artificial inoculation ranged from resistant to highly susceptible. Five varieties of chrysanthemum (‘Zhongshan Taogui’, ‘Jinba’, ‘Zhongshan Jinguan’, ‘Jinling Wanhuang’ and ‘Jinling Yangguang’) were resistant; two varieties of chrysanthemum (‘Zhongshan Xinggui’ and ‘Zhongshan Jinkui’) were moderately resistant; and others were susceptible to various degrees, four varieties… More >

Lei Chu^1,2, Yu Zhang^1,2, Long Qian^1,2, Dandan Zhu^1,2, Haijun Sun^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 1035-1042, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.014506

Abstract Biochar may affect the root morphology and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of rice at seedling stage, which has not been clearly verified until now. To clarify it, we conducted a pot experiment regarding to two soil types (Hydragric Anthrosol and Haplic Acrisol), two biochar application rates (0.5 wt% and 1.5 wt %) and two rice varieties (common rice var. Xiushui134 and hybrid super rice var. Zhongkejiayou12-6) meanwhile. Seedling NUE of common rice Xiuhui134 was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 78.2% in Hydragric Anthrosol and by 91.4% in Haplic Acrisol following biochar addition with 1.5 wt%. However, biochar addition… More >

Xiaofei Cao¹, Shuo Zhao¹, ShuJun Yan², Jun Hu^1,*, Yong Dan^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.11, pp. 1443-1472, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.012113

Abstract CeO₂, as a significant functional material, Has a widespread application in many fields due to its excellent properties. In this review, we sum up a serious of methods to prepare and differentiate nanostructured cerium oxide with various morphologies based on dimensionality and its main applications in industry. We mainly summary the different strategies to synthetic the CeO₂ with 0-D, 1-D, 2-D and 3-D and the key parameters which may affect the nanostructures. We hope that this review helps researchers master can look up CeO₂ related knowledge more quickly upon the synthetic methods and comparing various morphologies or fabricating ways to… More >

Can Eyupoglu

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.34, No.3, pp. 113-121, 2019, DOI:10.32604/csse.2019.34.113

Abstract In recent years, the topic of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has attracted increasing interest. Many NLP applications including machine translation, machine learning, speech recognition, sentiment analysis, semantic search and natural language generation have been developed for most of the existing languages. Besides, two-level morphological description of the language to be used is required for these applications. However, there is no comprehensive study of Bashkir Turkish in the literature. In this paper, a two-level description of Bashkir Turkish morphology is described. The description based on a root word lexicon of Bashkir Turkish is implemented using Extensible Markup Language (XML) and appended… More >

Donghua Dai^1,2, Dongdong Gu^1,2,*, Qing Ge^1,2, Chenglong Ma^1,2, Xinyu Shi^1,2, Han Zhang^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.124, No.3, pp. 1085-1098, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010927

Abstract The three-dimensional physical model of the randomly packed powder material irradiated by the laser beam was established, taking into account the transformation of the material phase, the melt spreading and the interaction of the free surface of the molten pool and the recoiling pressure caused by the material evaporation during the selective laser melting. Influence of the processing parameters on the thermal behavior, the material evaporation, the surface morphology and the densification behavior in the connection region of the molten pool and the substrate was studied. It was shown that the powder material underwent the transformation from the partial melting… More >