Fatima Khan¹, Amna Khan¹, Tariq Ali², Tariq Shahzad³, Tehseen Mazhar^4,*, Sunawar Khan⁵, Muhammad Adnan Khan^6,*, Habib Hamam^7,8,9,10

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-27, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.068228 - 09 December 2025

Abstract The rise in noise and air pollution poses severe risks to human health and the environment. Industrial and vehicular emissions release harmful pollutants such as CO₂, SO₂, CO, CH₄, and noise, leading to significant environmental degradation. Monitoring and analyzing pollutant concentrations in real-time is crucial for mitigating these risks. However, existing systems often lack the capacity to monitor both indoor and outdoor environments effectively.This study presents a low-cost, IoT-based pollution detection system that integrates gas sensors (MQ-135 and MQ-4), a noise sensor (LM393), and a humidity sensor (DHT-22), all connected to a Node MCU (ESP8266) microcontroller. The… More >

Zhimin Zhao, Liyun Feng, Dongsheng Song, Ming Zhang^*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.4, pp. 929-957, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.074529 - 26 December 2025

Abstract Global water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and compound pollutants such as heavy metals and organic dyes pose multidimensional threats to ecology and human health. Metal-organic skeleton compounds (MOFs) have been proven to be highly efficient in capturing a variety of pollutants by virtue of their large specific surface area, adjustable pore channels, and abundant active sites. However, the easy agglomeration of powders, the difficulty of recycling, and the poor long-term stability have limited their practical applications. Cellulose, as the most abundant renewable polymer in nature, has the characteristics of a three-dimensional network, mechanical flexibility,… More >

Chuhan Zhao^1,*, Souad Morsli², Laurent Caramelle³, Mohammed El Ganaoui³

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.8, pp. 2001-2025, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.068093 - 12 September 2025

Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is often monitored as a convenient yardstick for indoor air safety, yet its ability to stand in for pathogen-laden aerosols has never been settled. To probe the question, we reproduced an open-plan office at full scale (7.2 m 5.2 m 2.8 m) and introduced a breathing plume that carried 4% CO₂, together with a polydisperse aerosol spanning 0.5–10 m (1320 particles s⁻¹). Inlet air was supplied at 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1 m s⁻¹, and the resulting fields were simulated with a Realisable – RANS model coupled to Lagrangian particle tracking. Nine strategically placed probes… More >

Almustafa Abd Elkader Ayek¹, Bilel Zerouali^2,*, Ankur Srivastava³, Mohannad Ali Loho^4,5, Nadjem Bailek^6,7, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos^8,9

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 669-689, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.067137 - 19 August 2025

Abstract This study investigates the spatial and temporal dynamics of key air pollutants—nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH₄), formaldehyde (HCHO), and the ultraviolet aerosol index (UVAI)—over the period 2019–2024. Utilizing high-resolution remote sensing data from the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite and its TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) processed via Google Earth Engine (GEE), pollutant concentrations were analyzed, with spatial visualizations produced using ArcGIS Pro. The results reveal that urban and industrial hotspots—notably in Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, and Hama—exhibit elevated NO₂ and CO levels, strongly correlated with population density, traffic, and industrial emissions. Temporal trends indicate significant pollutant fluctuations More > Graphic Abstract

Federico Licastro^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.6, pp. 981-989, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062303 - 24 June 2025

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease causing the most frequent form of dementia in old age. AD etiology is still uncertain and deposition of abnormal proteins in the brain along with chronic neuroinflammation have been suggested as pathogenic mechanisms of neuronal death. Infections by exogenous neurotropic virus, endogenous retrovirus reactivation, infections by other microbes, and air pollutants may either induce neurodegeneration or activate brain inflammation. Up to 8% of the human genome has a retroviral origin. These ancient retroviruses, also called human endogenous retroviruses, are associated with a clinical history of several neurodegenerative diseases.… More >

Xiufeng Zhu^1,2, Jingying Wang^1,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 671-692, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.045260 - 28 March 2024

Abstract

SR-AOP (sulfate radical advanced oxidation process) is a novel water treatment method able to eliminate refractory organic pollutants. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is a novel green technology, that can effectively produce strong oxidizing sulfate radicals. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research advancements in these fields and a critical discussion of the principal factors influencing HC-enhanced SR-AOP and the mechanisms of synergistic degradation. Furthermore, some insights into the industrial application of HC/PS are also provided. Current research shows that this technology is feasible at the laboratory stage, but its application on larger scales requires

More > Graphic Abstract

Jun Xu¹, Kai Bi¹, Yibin Lu^2,*, Tiantian Wang^2,3, Hang Zhang², Zeyuan Zheng³, Fushan Shi³, Yaxin Zheng³, Xiaoying Li², Jingping Yang³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.3, pp. 2727-2748, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031341 - 15 December 2023

Abstract The spread and removal of pollution sources, namely, cough-released droplets in three different areas (front, middle, and rear areas) of a fully-loaded passenger car in a high-speed train under different fresh air flow volume were studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. In addition, the structure of indoor flow fields was also analysed. The results show that the large eddies are more stable and flow faster in the air supply under Mode 2 (fresh air volume: 2200 m³/h) compared to Mode 1 (fresh air volume: 1100 m³/h). By analysing the spreading process of droplets sprayed at different locations… More >

Noora S. Ekab¹, Ahmed Q. Salam², Ali O. Abd³, Miqdam T. Chaichan^4,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.11, pp. 2847-2861, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.028874 - 18 September 2023

Abstract To improve the performances of diesel engines and to reduce the pollutants they emit, aluminum oxide nanoparticles in varying quantities (50, 100, 150 ppm) have been added to conventional diesel fuel. The results of such experimental tests have revealed that the addition of nano-Al₂O₃ particles to the diesel fuel reduces its consumption by 0.488%, 1.02%, and 1.377%, respectively and increases the brake thermal efficiency by 1.4%, 2.6%, and 3.8%, respectively. The concentrations of undesired gases decrease accordingly by 1.5%, 1.7%, and 2.8% for HC and by 5.88%, 11.7%, and 17.6%, respectively, for CO. For the same More >

AN-SOO JANG^*

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.8, pp. 1703-1708, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.028975 - 28 August 2023

Abstract Exposure to air pollutants such as PM₁₀, PM_2.5, PM_0.1, O₃, CO, NO₂, and SO₂, and biological pollutants are important factors causing the evolution and furtherance of obstructive lung diseases (OLD), including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Asthma is the most frequent chronic inflammatory airway disease, characterized by breathlessness, wheezing, chest tightness, and cough, together with the presence of exaggerated expiratory airflow fluctuation that varies over time. COPD is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, expectoration, and/or exacerbations due to abnormalities of the airways and/or alveoli that cause persistent, often… More >

Lina Chen^1,2,3,4, Wenshuo Zhang¹, Junyi Tan^5,*, Xiaohou Shao¹, Yaliu Qiu⁷, Fangxiu Zhang^2,6, Xiang Zhang^2,6

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.12, pp. 2827-2841, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.024105 - 29 August 2022

Abstract Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural drainage can cause a series of water environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies and non-point source pollution. By monitoring the water purification effect of a paddy ditch wetland in Gaochun, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, we investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of N and P pollutants in paddy drains during the whole reproductive period of rice. Then, the dynamic changes of nitrogen and phosphorus in time and space during the two processes of rainfall after basal fertilization and topdressing were analyzed after comparison. At last, the effect… More >