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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Unexpected Diversity in Ecosystem Nutrient Responses to Experimental Drought in Temperate Grasslands

    Biying Qiu1,2, Niwu Te2, Lin Song2, Yuan Shi2, Chuan Qiu2, Xiaoan Zuo3, Qiang Yu4, Jianqiang Qian5, Zhengwen Wang2, Honghui Wu6,7, Wentao Luo2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.4, pp. 831-841, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.047560 - 29 April 2024

    Abstract The responses of ecosystem nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to drought are an important component of global change studies. However, previous studies were more often based on site-specific experiments, introducing a significant uncertainty to synthesis and site comparisons. We investigated the responses of vegetation and soil nutrients to drought using a network experiment of temperate grasslands in Northern China. Drought treatment (66% reduction in growing season precipitation) was imposed by erecting rainout shelters, respectively, at the driest, intermediate, and wettest sites. We found that vegetation nutrient concentrations increased but soil nutrient concentrations decreased along the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Intelligent Design of High Strength and High Conductivity Copper Alloys Using Machine Learning Assisted by Genetic Algorithm

    Parth Khandelwal1, Harshit2, Indranil Manna1,3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 1727-1755, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.042752 - 25 April 2024

    Abstract Metallic alloys for a given application are usually designed to achieve the desired properties by devising experiments based on experience, thermodynamic and kinetic principles, and various modeling and simulation exercises. However, the influence of process parameters and material properties is often non-linear and non-colligative. In recent years, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a promising tool to deal with the complex interrelation between composition, properties, and process parameters to facilitate accelerated discovery and development of new alloys and functionalities. In this study, we adopt an ML-based approach, coupled with genetic algorithm (GA) principles, to design… More > Graphic Abstract

    Intelligent Design of High Strength and High Conductivity Copper Alloys Using Machine Learning Assisted by Genetic Algorithm

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulation of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition during Natural Gas and CO2 Injection

    Shasha Feng*, Yi Liao, Weixin Liu, Jianwen Dai, Mingying Xie, Li Li

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 275-292, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.041825 - 14 December 2023

    Abstract Asphaltene deposition is a significant problem during gas injection processes, as it can block the porous medium, the wellbore, and the involved facilities, significantly impacting reservoir productivity and ultimate oil recovery. Only a few studies have investigated the numerical modeling of this potential effect in porous media. This study focuses on asphaltene deposition due to natural gas and CO2 injection. Predictions of the effect of gas injection on asphaltene deposition behavior have been made using a 3D numerical simulation model. The results indicate that the injection of natural gas exacerbates asphaltene deposition, leading to a significant… More > Graphic Abstract

    Numerical Simulation of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition during Natural Gas and CO<sub>2</sub> Injection

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Modeling of Reactive Flow and Precipitation in Unconventional Reservoirs

    Fengchang Yang1,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.27, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.09747

    Abstract Mineral nucleation and precipitation commonly occur in nature and plays an important role in many energyrelated applications with reactive flow. For instance, minerals nucleate and precipitate as scale in the pore structure in unconventional reservoirs and significantly reduce the permeability of the porous media. This phenomenon could lead to a rapid decrease in production and cause significant financial loss. The need to predict the dynamic properties of such systems has resulted in questions about the fundamental mechanisms of reactive flow as well as mineral nucleation and precipitation in pores. Additionally, there is still a discrepancy… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Phase-Field Simulation of δ Hydride Precipitation with Interfacial Anisotropy

    Hailong Nie1, Xincheng Shi1, Wenkui Yang1, Kaile Wang1, Yuhong Zhao2,1,3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.77, No.2, pp. 1425-1443, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.044510 - 29 November 2023

    Abstract Previous studies of hydride in zirconium alloys have mainly assumed an isotropic interface. In practice, the difference in crystal structure at the interface between the matrix phase and the precipitate phase results in an anisotropic interface. With the purpose of probing the real evolution of hydrides, this paper couples an anisotropy function in the interfacial energy and interfacial mobility. The influence of anisotropic interfacial energy and interfacial mobility on the morphology of hydride precipitation was investigated using the phase-field method. The results show that the isotropy hydride precipitates a slate-like morphology, and the anisotropic hydride… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Experimental Study on the Interaction between Hydrate Formation and Wax Precipitation in Waxy Oil-in-Water Emulsions

    Xincan Song1,3,4, Lin Wang1,3,4,*, Cheng Yu1,2, Jiaxin Chen1,3,4, Linjie Ma1,3,4

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.8, pp. 1837-1852, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.027637 - 05 June 2023

    Abstract The coupled formation of wax crystals and hydrates is a critical issue for the safety of deep-sea oil and gas exploration and subsea transport pipeline flow. Therefore, this paper conducts an experimental study on the characteristics of methane hydrate formation in a water-in-oil (W/O) system with different wax crystal contents and explores the influence of different initial experimental pressures on the induction period and maximum rate of hydrate formation. The wavelet function was introduced to process the reaction rate and calculate the maximum speed of hydrate formation. Notably, the higher the pressure, the smaller the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimization of Preparation of Fe3O4-L by Chemical Co-Precipitation and Its Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions

    Junzhen Di, Xueying Sun*, Siyi Zhang, Yanrong Dong, Bofu Yuan

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2209-2232, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025241 - 13 February 2023

    Abstract To address the serious pollution of heavy metals in AMD, the difficulty and the high cost of treatment, Fe3O4-L was prepared by the chemical co-precipitation method. Based on the single-factor and RSM, the effects of particle size, total Fe concentration, the molar ratio of Fe2+ to Fe3+ and water bath temperature on the removal of AMD by Fe3O4-L prepared by chemical co-precipitation method were analyzed. Static adsorption experiments were conducted on Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ using Fe3O4-L prepared under optimal conditions as adsorbents. The adsorption properties and mechanisms were analyzed by combining SEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR for characterization. The… More > Graphic Abstract

    Optimization of Preparation of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-L by Chemical Co-Precipitation and Its Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Ammonium Metavanadate Fabricated by Selective Precipitation of Impurity Chemicals on Inorganic Flocculants

    Bo Shi1, Dandan Zhu2,*, Pengxiang Lei3, Ximin Li4, Hengbo Xiao4, Lihua Qian4,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 1951-1961, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025271 - 01 December 2022

    Abstract High purity ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) is the most vital chemical to produce V2O5, VO2, VN alloy, VFe alloy and VOSO4, which have some prospective applications for high strength steel, smart window, infrared detector and imaging, large scale energy storage system. NH4VO3 is usually produced by spontaneous crystallization from the aqueous solution due to its sharp dependence of solubility on the temperature. However, hazardous chemicals in industrial effluent, include phosphorate, silicate and arsenate, causing severe damage to the environment. In this work, these impurities are selectively precipitated onto inorganic flocculants, while the vanadate dissolved in an aqueous solution keeps More > Graphic Abstract

    Ammonium Metavanadate Fabricated by Selective Precipitation of Impurity Chemicals on Inorganic Flocculants

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Method for Precipitation Nowcasting Based on ST-LSTM

    Wei Fang1,2,*, Liang Shen1, Victor S. Sheng3, Qiongying Xue1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 4867-4877, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.027197 - 21 April 2022

    Abstract Precipitation nowcasting is of great significance for severe convective weather warnings. Radar echo extrapolation is a commonly used precipitation nowcasting method. However, the traditional radar echo extrapolation methods are encountered with the dilemma of low prediction accuracy and extrapolation ambiguity. The reason is that those methods cannot retain important long-term information and fail to capture short-term motion information from the long-range data stream. In order to solve the above problems, we select the spatiotemporal long short-term memory (ST-LSTM) as the recurrent unit of the model and integrate the 3D convolution operation in it to strengthen… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Deep Learning Framework for Precipitation Prediction Using Cloud Images

    Mirza Adnan Baig*, Ghulam Ali Mallah, Noor Ahmed Shaikh

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 4201-4213, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.026225 - 29 March 2022

    Abstract Precipitation prediction (PP) have become one of the significant research areas of deep learning (DL) and machine vision (MV) techniques are frequently used to predict the weather variables (WV). Since the climate change has left significant impact upon weather variables (WV) and continuously changes are observed in temperature, humidity, cloud patterns and other factors. Although cloud images contain sufficient information to predict the precipitation pattern but due to changes in climate, the complex cloud patterns and rapid shape changing behavior of clouds are difficult to consider for rainfall prediction. Prediction of rainfall would provide more… More >

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