Zhen-Zhen Li¹, Zi-Chen Li¹, Yi-Ru Sun^2,3,*, Haseeb Ahmad⁴, Gang Xu^5,6, Xiu-Bo Chen³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 119-132, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.027437

Abstract As an innovative theory and technology, quantum network coding has become the research hotspot in quantum network communications. In this paper, a quantum remote state preparation scheme based on quantum network coding is proposed. Comparing with the general quantum remote state preparation schemes, our proposed scheme brings an arbitrary unknown quantum state finally prepared remotely through the quantum network, by designing the appropriate encoding and decoding steps for quantum network coding. What is worth mentioning, from the network model, this scheme is built on the quantum k-pair network which is the expansion of the typical bottleneck network—butterfly network. Accordingly, it… More >

Xing-Bo Pan¹, Xiu-Bo Chen^1,*, Gang Xu², Haseeb Ahmad³, Tao Shang⁴, Zong-Peng Li^5,6, Yi-Xian Yang¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.3, pp. 3967-3979, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017087

Abstract Quantum network coding is used to solve the congestion problem in quantum communication, which will promote the transmission efficiency of quantum information and the total throughput of quantum network. We propose a novel controlled quantum network coding without information loss. The effective transmission of quantum states on the butterfly network requires the consent form a third-party controller Charlie. Firstly, two pairs of three-particle non-maximum entangled states are pre-shared between senders and controller. By adding auxiliary particles and local operations, the senders can predict whether a certain quantum state can be successfully transmitted within the butterfly network based on the basis.… More >

Zhen-Zhen Li¹, Zi-Chen Li^1,*, Xiu-Bo Chen², Zhiguo Qu³, Xiaojun Wang⁴, Haizhu Pan⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 2651-2663, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016960

Abstract

In many earlier works, perfect quantum state transmission over the butterfly network can be achieved via quantum network coding protocols with the assist of maximally entangled states. However, in actual quantum networks, a maximally entangled state as auxiliary resource is hard to be obtained or easily turned into a non-maximally entangled state subject to all kinds of environmental noises. Therefore, we propose a more practical quantum network coding scheme with the assist of non-maximally entangled states. In this paper, a practical quantum network coding protocol over grail network is proposed, in which the non-maximally entangled resource is assisted and even… More >

Tao Zheng, Yan Chang, Shibin Zhang^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.124, No.2, pp. 573-584, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010445

Abstract With the acceleration of the construction of quantum communication networks, scholars have proposed different quantum communication protocols for different application scenarios. However, few scholars pay attention to the risk assessment process before communication. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum risk assessment model based on quantum teleportation technology with two three-qubit GHZ states. Only by using Bell states measurements (BSMs) and two-qubit projective measurements (PJMs), the communicators can recovery any arbitrary two-qubit state. This protocol can transmit two-dimension risk assessment factors with better security performance. On the one hand, more sufficient evaluation factors allow the two communicating parties to… More >

Tao Shang^{1, *}, Ran Liu¹, Jianwei Liu¹, Yafei Hou²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.3, pp. 1629-1645, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.09820

Abstract Establishing entanglement is an essential task of quantum communication technology. Beyond entanglement, quantum discord, as a measure of quantum correlation, is a necessary prerequisite to the success of entanglement distribution. To realize efficient quantum communication based on quantum discord, in this paper, we consider the practical advantages of continuous variables and propose a feasible continuous-variable quantum network coding scheme based on quantum discord. By means of entanglement distribution by separable states, it can achieve quantum entanglement distribution from sources to targets in a butterfly network. Compared with the representative discrete-variable quantum network coding schemes, the proposed continuous-variable quantum network coding… More >

Zhexi Zhang¹, Zhiguo Qu^1,2,*

Journal of Quantum Computing, Vol.1, No.2, pp. 89-109, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jqc.2019.07415

Abstract How to establish a secure and efficient quantum network coding algorithm is one of important research topics of quantum secure communications. Based on the butterfly network model and the characteristics of easy preparation of Bell states, a novel anti-noise quantum network coding protocol is proposed in this paper. The new protocol encodes and transmits classical information by virtue of Bell states. It can guarantee the transparency of the intermediate nodes during information, so that the eavesdropper Eve disables to get any information even if he intercepts the transmitted quantum states. In view of the inevitability of quantum noise in quantum… More >