Masanobu Tsubaki^*, Taira Matsuo, Rie Komori

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.075217 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic malignancy originating from hematopoietic stem cells. It is characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome, which arises from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. The breakpoint cluster region::Abelson murine leukemia 1 (BCR::ABL1) fusion protein produced from this chromosome is the main factor responsible for disease onset. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have led to significant advances in CML treatment and contributed to improved patient survival rates. Nonetheless, a substantial number of patients develop resistance to TKIs, which remains a major challenge in CML therapy. Currently, two mechanisms are considered More >

I Made Bayu Anggriawan^1,2,3,*, Heather G. Jørgensen^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074734 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Persistent leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) are insensitive to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Identifying alternative molecular vulnerabilities may offer new therapeutic opportunities. This study aimed to identify active RAS/RAF signalling pathway components in persistent CML-LSCs using publicly available datasets to propose a novel drug combination that could synergise with TKI therapy. Methods: EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas and Stemformatics were used to analyse gene expression within the chosen signalling pathway using DESeq2 analysis in R Studio. Genes that showed statistically significant differences across three comparisons (CML vs. normal; post… More >

Nicola Marrano^1,#, Mariangela Caporusso^2,#, Cosimo Matino^1,#, Irene Caruso^3,#, Carlo Ganini⁴, Mimma Rizzo⁵, Ludovico Di Gioia², Angelo Cignarelli¹, Sebastio Perrini^1,6, Luigi Laviola¹, Camillo Porta⁴, Francesco Giorgino^1,*, Annalisa Natalicchio¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074672 - 22 April 2026

Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a cornerstone of systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), used both in the adjuvant and metastatic settings across various lines of treatment, often in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs). These therapies are associated with endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can be irreversible and life-threatening if not promptly managed. Using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Reporting System (FAERS), this study aimed to evaluate the real-world occurrence of endocrine irAEs in all approved VEGFR-TKI + ICI combinations for RCC, and… More >

Helen Fenske¹, Ingrid R. Niesman^2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.12, pp. 2433-2455, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.071078 - 24 December 2025

Abstract Objective: Tyrosinase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the generation of melanin. The feline tyrosinase mutation, G302R, confers temperature-sensitive loss of function, resulting in the familiar Siamese cat phenotype. Crystal or cryoEM structures are elusive for any mammalian tyrosinase to date. Protein misfolding is suggested as a basis for phenotypes resulting from mutant tyrosinases, but this hypothesis needs structural confirmation. Our objective for this study is to confirm misfolding of mutant tyrosinase as a basis for temperature-sensitive phenotypes compared to catalytic dysfunction that may be responsible for other tyrosinase mutant breed phenotypes. Methods: We have employed… More >

Heba A. S. El-Nashar^1,*, Ahmed T. Negmeldin^2,3,*, Aziza El Baz⁴, Marizé Cuyler⁵, Brandon Alston⁵, Namrita Lall^5,6,7, Naglaa S. Ashmawy^1,8,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.10, pp. 3269-3281, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.067998 - 29 October 2025

Abstract Pimenta dioica is a tropical Caribbean tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae, widely used in various human activities, including perfume production, food flavoring, natural pesticides, and medicine. This study aimed to explore the chemical composition of Pimenta dioica flower essential oil obtained via hydrodistillation using GC-MS analysis. Additionally, the oil’s tyrosinase inhibitory activity was investigated. The effectiveness of the oil’s major constituents in binding to tyrosinase was also evaluated through molecular docking simulations. GC-MS analysis identified fifteen compounds, with eugenol (70.59%) as the major component, followed by β-myrcene (10.54%), limonene (8.55%), β-ocimene (4.92%), α-phellandrene (1.39%), and linalool… More >

Kayce Blumenstock^1,2, Vandana Zaman^2,3, Camille Green³, Narendra L. Banik^1,2,3, Azizul Haque^1,2,3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.10, pp. 1859-1871, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.068773 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Fc Receptor-Like 1 (FCRL1), a member of the FCRL family, contains two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in its cytoplasmic domain and plays a critical role in B-cell biology. Its expression begins in pre-B-cells, dynamically shifts during B-cell development, and contributes to the regulation of human B-cell activation. Notably, FCRL1 is overexpressed in subsets of naive and memory B-cells, as well as in malignant B-cells, including those in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), an aggressive and often treatment-resistant hematological malignancy. Among FCRL family members, FCRL1 stands out as a promising immunotherapeutic target due to its More >

KHANH TOAN NGUYEN^*, THI HUONG PHAM, VAN LAM NGO, VAN TUAN BUI, VAN NHAT NGUYEN, THI PHUONG THAO NGUYEN, THI KHANH HA NGUYEN, THI THUY VAN NGUYEN

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1667-1677, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.061905 - 26 June 2025

Abstract Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Methods: A retrospective study on advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with TKIs as a first-line therapy at Nghe An Oncology Hospital, Vietnam between January 2017 and August 2023. The primary endpoints included objective response rate, progression-free survival, and tolerability. The secondary endpoint was overall survival. Results: A total of 211 patients received first-line treatment with Erlotinib (n = 74), Gefitinib (n… More >

Miguel Ángel Gómez-Luque^*, Guillermo Lendínez-Cano, Carmen Belén Congregado-Ruiz, Ignacio Osman-García, Rafael Antonio Medina-López

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 101-109, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063073 - 30 April 2025

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, significant advancements in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have notably extended overall survival (OS) times, particularly with the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and combination immunotherapy. However, survival outcomes in mRCC remain highly variable. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed clinical and demographic factors at diagnosis in patients treated for mRCC to identify predictors of long-term survival (defined as OS ≥ 48 months). Patients were categorized into long-term survivors (LTS) and non-long-term survivors (nLTS). Results: The analysis revealed that factors such as better Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), More >

Olga Koval^1,2,*, Maria Zhilnikova¹, Maria Balantaeva^1,2, Mikhail Biryukov^1,2, Vasiliy Atamanov^1,3

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 355-379, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059987 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Melanomas are aggressive cancers, with a high rate of metastatic disease. Cutaneous (CM) and uveal (UM) melanomas are intrinsically different diseases, and most cell death inducers effective for CM do not function for UM. This is primarily due to the fact the eye is an immunologically privileged organ, and it fails to achieve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) comparable to that for CM. However, approaches utilizing specific melanoma-associated antigens are being developed for metastatic forms of CM and UM. The most promising to date are gp100 and tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1), primarily… More >

JIYUN PANG^1,2,#, WEIGANG XIU^1,#, YUEYUN CHEN⁴, WENJING LIAO^1,2, QIN ZHANG^3,*, HUASHAN SHI^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 895-904, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.053363 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often accompanied by brain metastasis (BM), and the prognosis of patients with BM is poor. This study assesses the prognostic impact of BM in NSCLC patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 692 advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) at West China Hospital from 2015 to 2019. The overall survival rate (OS), progression-free survival rate (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and clinical parameters of the BM and non-BM groups were compared. Univariable and multivariable… More >