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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Growth Characteristics and Sustainable Cultivation Management Techniques of Small Berries: A Review with a Focus on Strawberry under Protected Agriculture

    Yu Yang1,*, Biao Jia1, Xin Ma1,*, Hailing Shang1, Shuai Lou1, Chao Zhang1, Jianming Zhao1, Min Li1, Jiali Bao1, Zhongbo Wang2, Dongjie Jia3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.081047 - 27 May 2026

    Abstract Small berries, represented by strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, and aronia berries, are increasingly valued worldwide for their rich nutritional content and economic potential. This review systematically outlines the growth characteristics of these berries, with a focused analysis on strawberries-including their ecological adaptations and responses to soil, water, temperature, light, and nutrition. It further elaborates on the integrated technical system for protected strawberry cultivation, covering cultivar selection, seedling propagation, transplanting, water and nutrient management, environmental control, flower and fruit regulation, green pest control, and post-harvest handling. The paper also discusses innovative models for industry development, such as More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Light Regulation across Strawberry Growth Stages: A Comprehensive Review

    Geng Zhang1, Xiangyu Ding2, Zidan Wen2, Chao Liu2, Duyen T. P. Nguyen3, Jinxiu Song4, Zejin Zhang5, Zhiming Yan1,6, Yuanhua Wang1,*, Zhengnan Yan2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2026.077381 - 28 February 2026

    Abstract As a pivotal environmental factor, light, comprising intensity, photoperiod, and spectrum, governs the entire life cycle of strawberries by mediating alterations in the plant’s morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits. Although extensive research has been conducted on light-mediated growth regulation in horticultural crops, most reviews focus primarily on leafy and fruiting vegetables, with limited attention given to berry crops such as strawberries. Additionally, most existing reviews concentrate on one or several growth stages, failing to systematically characterize light’s effects throughout the entire growth cycle and postharvest stage. This review briefly summarizes the regulatory roles of light More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Impact of Soil Microbes and Abiotic Stress on Strawberry Root Physiology and Growth: A Review

    Hira Akhtar1, Akhtar Hameed1,*, Rana Binyamin1, Kashif Riaz2, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam1,3, Faizan Ali4, Subhan Ali1, Zuniara Akash5, Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer6,*, Kamran Ikram6, Yasir Niaz6, Hafiz Haider Ali7,8

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.3, pp. 561-581, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.061262 - 31 March 2025

    Abstract Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) is well known among consumers because of its attractive color, delicious taste, and nutritional benefits. It is widely grown worldwide, but its production has become a significant challenge due to changing climatic conditions that lead to abiotic stresses in plants, which results in poor root development, nutrient deficiency, and poor plant health. In this context, the major abiotic stresses are temperature fluctuations, water shortages, and high levels of soil salinity. The accumulation of salts in excessive amounts disrupts the osmotic balance and impairs physiological processes. However, drought reduces fruit size, yield, and quality.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Evaluation on Physical Characteristics of Konjac Polysaccharides-Based Film Coating and Its Application for Strawberries Preservation

    Desy Nurliasari1, Awaly Ilham Dewantoro1, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis2,3, Roni Kastaman1,4,*, Mohamad Djali3,5, Efri Mardawati1,3, Devi Maulida Rahmah1,3, Siti Nurhasanah3,5, Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah2,3, Lukmanul Hakim Zaini6,7,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.1, pp. 181-197, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056475 - 20 January 2025

    Abstract Konjac is an ideal candidate for edible coatings on fruits due to its hydrophilic properties, film-forming ability, barrier properties, safety, and biodegradability. Meanwhile, the high market demand for strawberries necessitates post-harvest treatment to extend their shelf life and preserve their quality, as strawberries are known for their fragile skin and soft texture. To fully utilize konjac and develop high-quality coating films, native konjac flour (NKF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were extracted from its corm and used as a coating film for strawberries in the present study. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the physical properties… More > Graphic Abstract

    An Evaluation on Physical Characteristics of Konjac Polysaccharides-Based Film Coating and Its Application for Strawberries Preservation

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genome-Wide Discovery and Expression Profiling of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Woodland Strawberry (Fragaria vesca) under Developmental and Stress Conditions: Structural and Evolutionary Analysis

    Shoukai Lin1,3,4,*, Yifan Xiong2, Shichang Xu1,2, Manegdebwaoaga Arthur Fabrice Kabore2, Fan Lin5, Fuxiang Qiu1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.7, pp. 1485-1502, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.050990 - 30 July 2024

    Abstract The SWEET (sugar will eventually be exported transporter) family proteins are a recently identified class of sugar transporters that are essential for various physiological processes. Although the functions of the SWEET proteins have been identified in a number of species, to date, there have been no reports of the functions of the SWEET genes in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca). In this study, we identified 15 genes that were highly homologous to the A. thaliana AtSWEET genes and designated them as FvSWEET1FvSWEET15. We then conducted a structural and evolutionary analysis of these 15 FvSWEET genes. The phylogenetic analysis enabled us… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Real-Time Detection and Instance Segmentation of Strawberry in Unstructured Environment

    Chengjun Wang1,2, Fan Ding2,*, Yiwen Wang1, Renyuan Wu1, Xingyu Yao2, Chengjie Jiang1, Liuyi Ling1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.1, pp. 1481-1501, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046876 - 30 January 2024

    Abstract The real-time detection and instance segmentation of strawberries constitute fundamental components in the development of strawberry harvesting robots. Real-time identification of strawberries in an unstructured environment is a challenging task. Current instance segmentation algorithms for strawberries suffer from issues such as poor real-time performance and low accuracy. To this end, the present study proposes an Efficient YOLACT (E-YOLACT) algorithm for strawberry detection and segmentation based on the YOLACT framework. The key enhancements of the E-YOLACT encompass the development of a lightweight attention mechanism, pyramid squeeze shuffle attention (PSSA), for efficient feature extraction. Additionally, an attention-guided… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Ellagic Acid Enhances Antioxidant System Activity and Maintains the Quality of Strawberry Fruit during Storage

    Jian Chen1, Jing Zhang2, Gang Pan3, Dandan Huang1,*, Shuhua Zhu1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.1, pp. 15-28, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.045621 - 26 January 2024

    Abstract Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural antioxidant, widely present in a lot of forms’ soft fruits, nuts, and other plant tissues, and helpful for promoting human health; however, its protective effect on postharvest fruit and improving the quality index of postharvest fruit have rarely been studied. In this experiment, the strawberries were soaked in 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg L−1 EA, respectively, and the influential EA on fruit quality and the antioxidant system of strawberries were studied. Compared with the control, EA treatment can reduce the browning degree and rotting rate of strawberry… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of strawberry vein banding virus and strawberry mottle virus co-infection on the growth and development of strawberry

    LINGJIAO FAN1, DAN SONG1, YINGWEI KHOO2, MENGMENG WU1, TENGFEI XU1, XIAOLI ZHAO1, HONGQING WANG1

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 263-273, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.016306 - 28 September 2021

    Abstract

    Strawberry mottle virus (SMoV) and strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) cause diseases on strawberry plants, but the effect of coinfection of SMoV and SVBV on the growth, development, and defense system of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne) remains unknown. We investigated the effect of SMoV and SVBV co-infection on strawberry cultivar ‘Benihope’. The results showed that stem diameter, leaf size, leaf number, relative chlorophyll content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, and stomatal aperture of SMoV and SVBV co-infected strawberry (VIS) plants were in a weaker level than uninfected control plants, indicating that viruses inhibited the growth and

    More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Complete genome sequence of two strawberry vein banding virus isolates from China

    LEI JIANG1,2,3,#, SHUAI LI1,#, XIZI JIANG1, TONG JIANG1,2,3,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.6, pp. 1695-1702, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.015250 - 01 September 2021

    Abstract It was rarely reported about strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) genome sequence in China and most countries worldwide. In this work, we determined the complete genome sequences of two SVBV isolates in China, designated SVBV-AH and SVBV-BJ, that were obtained from naturally infected strawberry samples from Anhui province and Beijing city of China, respectively. The complete genomes of SVBV-AH and SVBV-BJ were 7,862 nucleotides (nts) and 7,863 nts long, respectively, and both constituted with seven genes typical of the caulimoviruses. Alignment of complete nucleotide sequences showed that SVBV-AH and SVBV-BJ shared a significant nucleotide sequence… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fruit Ripeness Prediction Based on DNN Feature Induction from Sparse Dataset

    Wan Hyun Cho1, Sang Kyoon Kim2, Myung Hwan Na1, In Seop Na3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.3, pp. 4003-4024, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018758 - 24 August 2021

    Abstract Fruit processing devices, that automatically detect the freshness and ripening stages of fruits are very important in precision agriculture. Recently, based on deep learning, many attempts have been made in computer image processing, to monitor the ripening stage of fruits. However, it is time-consuming to acquire images of the various ripening stages to be used for training, and it is difficult to measure the ripening stages of fruits accurately with a small number of images. In this paper, we propose a prediction system that can automatically determine the ripening stage of fruit by a combination… More >

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