Tamara Zhukabayeva^1,2, Zulfiqar Ahmad^1,3,*, Nurbolat Tasbolatuly⁴, Makpal Zhartybayeva¹, Yerik Mardenov^1,4, Nurdaulet Karabayev^1,*, Dilaram Baumuratova^1,4

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 2573-2599, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.070426 - 26 November 2025

Abstract The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), combined with the Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), is transforming industrial automation but also poses great cybersecurity threats because of the complexity and connectivity of the systems. There is a lack of explainability, challenges with imbalanced attack classes, and limited consideration of practical edge–cloud deployment strategies in prior works. In the proposed study, we suggest an Impact-Aware Taxonomy-Driven Machine Learning Framework with Edge Deployment and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based Explainable AI (XAI) to attack detection and classification in IIoT-CPS settings. It includes not only unsupervised clustering (K-Means and DBSCAN) to extract… More >

Hiba Sameer Saeed^#, Amenah Dahim Abbood^#,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 4375-4405, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067783 - 23 October 2025

Abstract In recent years, the evolution of the community structure in social networks has gained significant attention. Due to the rapid and continuous evolution of real-world networks over time. This makes the process of identifying communities and tracking their topology changes challenging. To tackle these challenges, it is necessary to find efficient methodologies for analyzing the behavior patterns of dynamic communities. Several previous reviews have introduced algorithms and models for community detection. However, these methods have not been very accurate in identifying communities. Moreover, none of the reviewed papers made an apparent effort to link algorithms… More >

Fatima Tanveer¹, Faisal Iradat^1,*, Waseem Iqbal^2,*, Awais Ahmad³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 4223-4257, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067536 - 30 July 2025

Abstract RESTful APIs have been adopted as the standard way of developing web services, allowing for smooth communication between clients and servers. Their simplicity, scalability, and compatibility have made them crucial to modern web environments. However, the increased adoption of RESTful APIs has simultaneously exposed these interfaces to significant security threats that jeopardize the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of web services. This survey focuses exclusively on RESTful APIs, providing an in-depth perspective distinct from studies addressing other API types such as GraphQL or SOAP. We highlight concrete threats—such as injection attacks and insecure direct object references… More >

M. Zeki KARİPÇİN¹, Behcet İNAL^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.11, pp. 3177-3193, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.030979 - 24 October 2023

Abstract Due to climate change, it is necessary to develop plant varieties that are resilient to climate conditions and resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses. The use of microalgae, which are microorganisms that contain carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins, against drought tolerance is a new approach. The aim of the current study was to determine the drought-related mechanisms in the conomon melon genotype and develop drought-tolerant melon cultivars. Morphological, physiological, pomological, and molecular analyses were carried out on the algae-treated genotypes. It has been determined that commercial algae application provides the best results in leaf temperature,… More >

Iram Arshad^1,*, Saeed Hamood Alsamhi¹, Wasif Afzal²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2739-2770, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.030266 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Big Data is reforming many industrial domains by providing decision support through analyzing large data volumes. Big Data testing aims to ensure that Big Data systems run smoothly and error-free while maintaining the performance and quality of data. However, because of the diversity and complexity of data, testing Big Data is challenging. Though numerous research efforts deal with Big Data testing, a comprehensive review to address testing techniques and challenges of Big Data is not available as yet. Therefore, we have systematically reviewed the Big Data testing techniques’ evidence occurring in the period 2010–2021. This… More >

Zhiguo Lu¹, Yuhong Zheng^1,*, Pengchong Zhang², Boyuan Fan³, Aimin Yu⁴, Li Fu^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.11, pp. 2549-2558, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021288 - 12 July 2022

Abstract In this communication, we used electrochemical sensor for recording the electrochemical profiles of eleven species of Yulania spp. from leaf extract. Two solvents and two buffer conditions were used for electrochemical fingerprints collection. Their electrochemical fingerprints can be converted to different patterns and consequently for species recognition. The results indicate the pattern recognition is much convenient than that of the recognition of species directly using voltammetric signal. The current information in electrochemical fingerprinting represents the type and amount of electrochemically active molecules, which linked to the genetic differences among the plants. Therefore, the electrochemical fingerprints were More >

Abdullah M. Almuhaideb, Kawther S. Alqudaihi^*

Journal on Internet of Things, Vol.3, No.4, pp. 159-182, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jiot.2021.018088 - 30 December 2021

Abstract Wearable body area network (WBAN) aids the communication between the health providers and patients by supporting health monitoring services. It assists the users to maintain their health status records by collecting the body signals and transmitting them for further processing measurements. However, sensor data are publicly transferred through insecure network that facilitates the attacker malicious acts like performing masquerading attack, man in the middle, and snooping. Several authentication techniques were suggested to levitate the security of the communication channels to preserve the user data from exposure. Moreover, authentication schemes aid plenty of security issues related… More >

MOHAMMAD EL-METWALLY^1,*, MAMDOUH ABDEL-MOGIB², MANAL ELFEDAWY², GAAD SOHSAH², AHMED REZK³, MAHMOUD MOUSTAFA⁴, MOHAMED SHAABAN^5,6

BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.5, pp. 1263-1271, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.013198 - 12 July 2021

Abstract Microorganisms are a huge mine of bioactive metabolites, and actinomycetes are one of the very active groups in this area. In this article, we are concerned about the full taxonomical characterization of Streptomyces lividans AM, isolated from Egyptian soil. This isolate produced three new bioactive metabolites, namely: 1-Nona-decanoyl,4-oleyl disuccinate (1), filoboletic acid; (9Z,11E)-8,13-dihydroxy octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid (2), and sitosteryl-3β-D-glucoside (3). Extensive 1D and 2D NMR and HR-mass spectrometry were used to elucidate the structures of the three compounds. Moreover, ten known compounds were also identified. The antimicrobial activity of the producing organism and newly reported compounds (1–3) More >

Mohd Effendi Ewan Mohd Matore^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.1, pp. 1235-1253, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016143 - 22 March 2021

Abstract Assessment using Bloom’s taxonomy levels has evolved in a variety of contexts and uses. In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitates use of online assessment, the need for teachers to use digital-based taxonomy skills or Bloom’s Digital Taxonomy (BDT) has increased even more. However, the existing studies on validity and reliability of BDT items are limited. To overcome this limitation, this study aims to test whether BDT has good psychometric characteristics as a teacher’s self-assessment tool using the Rasch model analysis and to investigate the pattern of BDT usage in teaching and learning.… More >

Monika C. Dayarathne¹, Rashika S. Brahmanage², Kevin D. Hyde^2,3, Yong Wang^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 677-686, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.012897 - 07 February 2021

Abstract A fungus similar to the monotypic genus Natarajania, isolated from dead wood and collected in Thailand, is reported. Analysis of partial ribosomal LSU and a protein coding gene (RPB2) demonstrated that the new isolate belonged to Stilbosporaceae, Diaporthales and genetically different from N. indica. It is unique in producing synnematous conidiophores, smooth-walled conidiogenous cells and a flared collarette but lacks an elongated collar-canal which is distinct in the type species. Therefore, sequence data and morphological traits are used to introduce the new species, Natarajania thailandica. More >