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Search Results (18)
  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Influences of the Fresh Air Volume on the Removal of Cough-Released Droplets in a Passenger Car of a High-Speed Train Using CFD

    Jun Xu1, Kai Bi1, Yibin Lu2,*, Tiantian Wang2,3, Hang Zhang2, Zeyuan Zheng3, Fushan Shi3, Yaxin Zheng3, Xiaoying Li2, Jingping Yang3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.3, pp. 2727-2748, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031341

    Abstract The spread and removal of pollution sources, namely, cough-released droplets in three different areas (front, middle, and rear areas) of a fully-loaded passenger car in a high-speed train under different fresh air flow volume were studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. In addition, the structure of indoor flow fields was also analysed. The results show that the large eddies are more stable and flow faster in the air supply under Mode 2 (fresh air volume: 2200 m3/h) compared to Mode 1 (fresh air volume: 1100 m3/h). By analysing the spreading process of droplets sprayed at different locations in the passenger car… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A DOUBLE SKIN WITH SECONDARY VENTILATION FLOW ON ADIABATIC WALL

    M. Bouraouia, M. S. Rouabaha, A. Abidi-Saadb,c,d,*, A. Korichie, C. Popab , G. Polidorib

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.8, pp. 1-6, 2017, DOI:10.5098/hmt.8.18

    Abstract Study concerning a double skin flow with secondary ventilation was conducted numerically, in order to understand the basic mechanisms of the free convection in an open channel asymmetrically heated with uniform heat flux density (510 W/m2 ). The vertical channel corresponds to a double skin façade, which was immersed in a tank filled with water. The tank corresponds to the environment which allows us to overcome pressure conditions at the inlet and the outlet of the channel. The use of water allows neglecting radiation effect. The mass conservation equations of momentum and energy are solved using the finite volume method… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF USING PERSONAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS ON INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN OFFICE ROOMS

    Hussien Aziz Saheb,*, Ala'a Abbas Mahdi, Qusay Rasheed Al-amir

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.16, pp. 1-15, 2021, DOI:10.5098/hmt.16.9

    Abstract In this study, indoor air quality and thermal comfort were investigated for two persons sitting inside an office room of dimensions (3×2.5×2.5m). The office room is equipped with personal ventilation systems positioned 50 cm from the person's face. These systems are characterized by the ability to change the rates of airflow (ATD). Experimental studies and results were conducted on a thermal manikin that simulates the human body in a sitting position, and the results are compared with CFD analysis using the k-epsilon and the RNG turbulent models. The experimental study focused on measuring the speed and temperature of the air… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    REQUIRED THERMAL COMFORT CONDITIONS INSIDE HOSPITAL OPERATING ROOMS (ORS): A NUMERICAL ASSESSMENT

    Albio D. Gutierreza,*, Hayri Sezerb, Jose L. Ramirezc

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.18, pp. 1-12, 2022, DOI:10.5098/hmt.18.4

    Abstract This paper presents a computational model along with a thermal comfort criterion aimed at assisting the design of operating rooms (ORs) from the perspective of meeting suitable flow patterns and thermal comfort conditions for the occupants. The computational model is based on the finite volume method (FVM) to describe the air inside ORs along with the human thermoregulation model implemented in virtual mannequins for thermal comfort. The air model considers turbulent fluid motion, species transport and the conservation of energy, including thermal radiation. The human thermoregulation model incorporates two interacting systems of thermoregulation. Namely, the passive system and the active… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Determination of Effectiveness of Energy Management System in Buildings

    Vivash Karki1, Roseline Mostafa2, Bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan2,*, Derek R. Johnson3

    Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.2, pp. 561-586, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.025218

    Abstract Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) are computer-based systems that aid in managing, controlling, and monitoring the building technical services and energy consumption by equipment used in the building. The effectiveness of BEMS is dependent upon numerous factors, among which the operational characteristics of the building and the BEMS control parameters also play an essential role. This research develops a user-driven simulation tool where users can input the building parameters and BEMS controls to determine the effectiveness of their BEMS. The simulation tool gives the user the flexibility to understand the potential energy savings by employing specific BEMS control and help… More > Graphic Abstract

    Determination of Effectiveness of Energy Management System in Buildings

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimization of a Solar Chimney with a Horizontal Absorber for Building Ventilation: A Case Study

    El Hadji I Cisse1,*, Baye Alioune Ndiogou1,2, Soumaïla Tigampo1, Ababacar Thiam1,3, Dorothé Azilinon1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.4, pp. 901-910, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.021973

    Abstract A study is conducted to optimize the geometry of a solar chimney equipped with a horizontal absorber in order to improve its performances in relation to the provision of ventilation. The problem is tackled through numerical solution of the governing equations for mass, momentum and energy in their complete three-dimensional and unsteady formulation. The numerical framework also includes a turbulence model (k-ε) and a radiant heat transfer (DO) model. Moreover, a Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is employed to derive the optimal configuration of the considered solar chimney. It is shown that an air velocity of 0.2 m/s can be obtained.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Performance of a Phase Change Material Battery in a Transparent Building

    Peter van den Engel1,*, Michael Malin2, Nikhilesh Kodur Venkatesh1, Luigi Antonio de Araujo Passos1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 783-805, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.021962

    Abstract This research evaluates the performance of a Phase Change Material (PCM) battery integrated into the climate system of a new transparent meeting center. The main research questions are: a. “Can the performance of the battery be calculated?” and b. “Can the battery reduce the heating and cooling energy demand in a significant way?” The first question is answered in this document. In order to be able to answer the second question, especially the way the heat loading in winter should be improved, then more research is necessary. In addition to the thermal battery, which consists of Phase Change Material plates,… More > Graphic Abstract

    Performance of a Phase Change Material Battery in a Transparent Building

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Simulation Analysis of Ammonia Leakage and Dispersion in a Large-Scale Refrigeration System

    Jianlu Cheng1, Kaiyong Hu1,*, Jiang Shen1, Lu Jia1,2, Rui Niu1, Zhaoxian Yang3

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 1049-1066, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.019007

    Abstract The use of ammonia in large-scale refrigeration systems (such as those used for a stadium) requires adequate ammonia leakage prevention mechanisms are put in place. In the present study, numerical simulations have been conducted to study the dispersion law in the ammonia machinery room of the refrigeration system for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. The wind speed, and release location have been varied to investigate their effects on the dispersion profile. Different positions of the leakage points in the ammonia storage tank have been found to lead to different areas affected accordingly. In general, the dangerous region area decreases with… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Structured Graded Lung Rehabilitation for Children with Mechanical Ventilation

    Lei Ren1, Jing Hu2, Mei Li1,*, Ling Zhang2, Jinyue Xia3

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.40, No.1, pp. 139-150, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.018640

    Abstract Lung rehabilitation is safe and feasible, and it has positive benefits in weaning the machine as soon as possible, shortening the time of hospitalization and improving the prognosis of children with mechanical ventilation. However, at present, the traditional medical concept is deep-rooted, and doctors' understanding of early rehabilitation is inadequate. It is necessary to make in-depth exploration in the relevant guidelines and expert consensus to formulate standardized early rehabilitation diagnosis and treatment procedures and standards for mechanically ventilated children. In the paper, a structured graded lung rehabilitation program is constructed for children with mechanical ventilation to improve their respiratory function,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Stratification of an Underfloor Air Distribution System (UFAD) with Various Vent Layouts

    Neil Stephen Lopez1,*, Selena Kay Galeos1, Brian Raphael Calderon1, David Roy Dominguez1, Bryan Joseph Uy1, Rupesh Iyengar2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 333-347, 2021, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2021.011213

    Abstract The underfloor air distribution (UFAD) system has not been able to penetrate the residential and commercial air conditioning industry significantly until now. To date, the most notable applications are found in datacenters because of their more demanding thermal stratification and cooling requirements. In addition to highlighting the advantages of the UFAD system over the traditional overhead (OH) system, this study compares various ventilation layouts for a UFAD system. Four different UFAD ventilation layouts are compared and one OH layout. The results show that using multiple swirl-type diffusers creates a more uniform floor-to-knee temperature and less air recirculation than the rectangular… More >

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