Jiao Wang^1,*, Xihua Chu^2,*, Jinbao Wang³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 653-670, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018207

Abstract Common structures in engineering such as slopes, roadbeds, ballasts, etc., are closely related to granular materials. They are usually subjected to long-term cyclic loads. This study mainly focused on the mechanical behaviors of randomly arranged granular materials before they reach a stable state under different cyclic loads. The variation of the maximum axial strain and the influence of CSR (cyclic stress ratio) were analyzed. The energy consumed in each cycle under constant confining stress loading condition is significantly greater than that of the fixed wall loading condition. The internal deformation evolution of granular materials is studied in detail. The deformation… More >

Yonghua Li^1,*, Xiaoning Bai², Shanshan Shi¹, Shenxuan Wang¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 1077-1092, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018181

Abstract Multiple failure modes and strength degradation are usually inherent in the gear transmission system, which brings new challenges for conducting fatigue reliability analysis and design. This paper proposes a novel dynamic fatigue reliability analysis method for failure dependence and strength degradation based on the combination of the Copula function and Gamma process. Firstly, the dynamic simulation model of the gear transmission system is established to obtain the dynamic stress-time history. The Gamma process is then used to describe the strength degradation to establish the dynamic stress-strength interference model. The marginal distribution functions of tooth contact fatigue and dedendum bending fatigue… More >

Kang Xu, Tong Li, Gaofei Guan, Jianlong Qu, Zhen Zhao, Xinsheng Xu^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 987-1002, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018128

Abstract By means of the local surface nanocrystallization that enables to change the material on local positions, an innovative embedded multi-cell (EMC) thin-walled energy absorption structures with local surface nanocrystallization is proposed in this paper. The local surface nanacrystallization stripes are regarded as the moving morphable components in the domain for optimal design. Results reveal that after optimizing the local surface nanocrystallization layout, the specific energy absorption (SEA) is increased by 50.78% compared with the untreated counterpart. Besides, in contrast with the optimized 4-cell structure, the SEA of the nanocrystallized embedded 9-cell structure is further enhanced by 27.68%, in contrast with… More >

Xiaolan Liu^1,*, Yixiang Chen², Yan Zhou¹, Kai Zhang³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 1093-1112, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018072

Abstract Pavement construction in permafrost regions is complicated by the fact that the permafrost properties are influenced by the temperature and are extremely unstable. The numerical model for runway structures in permafrost regions is applied to analyze the time–space characteristics of the temperature field and the depth of the frozen layer. The influence of the installation layer is studied to enable structural optimization of the runway. Numerical results show that the temperature stabilization depth, low- and high-temperature interlayer response ranges, and maximum depth of the frozen layer are greater in runway engineering than in highway and railway engineering. The time history… More >

Bhimraj Basumatary^1,*, Nijwm Wary¹, Jeevan Krishna Khaklary², Usha Rani Basumatary¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 1017-1031, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018066

Abstract The neutrality’s origin, character, and extent are studied in the Neutrosophic set. The neutrosophic set is an essential issue to research since it opens the door to a wide range of scientific and technological applications. The neutrosophic set can find its spot to research because the universe is filled with indeterminacy. Neutrosophic set is currently being developed to express uncertain, imprecise, partial, and inconsistent data. Truth membership function, indeterminacy membership function, and falsity membership function are used to express a neutrosophic set in order to address uncertainty. The neutrosophic set produces more rational conclusions in a variety of practical problems.… More >

Borui Yang¹, Jun Luo², Bo Wan^1,*, Yutai Su^1,3, Guicui Fu¹, Xu Long^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 1113-1134, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.018037

Abstract A thermal fatigue lifetime prediction model of ceramic ball grid array (CBGA) packages is proposed based on the Darveaux model. A finite element model of the CBGA packages is established, and the Anand model is used to describe the viscoplasticity of the CBGA solder. The average viscoplastic strain energy density increment ΔWave of the CBGA packages is obtained using a finite element simulation, and the influence of different structural parameters on the ΔWave is analyzed. A simplified analytical model of the ΔWave is established using the simulation data. The thermal fatigue lifetime of CBGA packages is obtained from a thermal… More >

Wanni Xu^1,*, Huasen Xu², Xingyu Guo³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 1171-1192, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.017824

Abstract Color language has important meaning for children’s picture books. Understanding children’s preferences in terms of color language will be helpful when designers model computerized picture books in order to adapt to children’s visual senses and effectively stimulate children’s interest in reading. In this study, we aimed to further explore the general characteristics of children’s preference for colors, color depth and color matching forms in picture books. For the study, 256 children between the ages of three and six were selected and divided into four groups. According to the implementation needs of the children’s color preference test, these children were asked… More >

Jiandong Huang¹, Jia Zhang¹, Yuan Gao^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 805-821, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.017792

Abstract

Pervious concrete (PC) is at risk of clogging due to the continuous blockage of sand into it during its service time. This study aims to evaluate and predict such clogging behavior of PC using hybrid machine learning techniques. Based on the 84 groups of the dataset developed in the earlier study, the clogging behavior of the PC was determined by the algorithm combing the SVM (support vector machines) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) methods. The PSO algorithm was employed to adjust the hyperparameters of the SVM and verify the performance using 10-fold cross-validation. The predicting results of the developed model… More >

Yiping Sun^1,2, Qiang Bai¹, Xuefeng Zhao¹, Meng Tao^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 1149-1170, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.017760

Abstract A cavity viscoelastic structure has a good sound absorption performance and is often used as a reflective baffle or sound absorption cover in underwater acoustic structures. The acoustic performance field has become a key research direction worldwide. Because of the time-consuming shortcomings of the traditional numerical analysis method and the high cost of the experimental method for measuring the reflection coefficient to evaluate the acoustic performance of coatings, this innovative study predicted the reflection coefficient of a viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity based on an artificial neural network (ANN). First, the mapping relationship between the input characteristics and reflection… More >

Bogusław Bożek¹, Lucjan Sapa^1,*, Katarzyna Tkacz-Śmiech², Marek Danielewski², Janusz Rybak²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.130, No.2, pp. 777-803, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.017729

Abstract Low-temperature nitriding of steel or iron can produce an expanded austenite phase, which is a solid solution of a large amount of nitrogen dissolved interstitially in fcc lattice. It is characteristic that the nitogen depth profiles in expanded austenite exhibit plateau-type shapes. Such behavior cannot be considered with a standard analytic solution for diffusion in a semi-infinite solid and a new approach is necessary. We formulate a model of interdiffusion in viscoelastic solid (Maxwell model) during the nitriding process. It combines the mass conservation and Vegard’s rule with the Darken bi-velocity method. The model is formulated in any dimension, i.e.,… More >