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ARTICLE
Abstract
The optimal operation of microgrids is of great significance for the sake of efficient and economical management
of its energy resources. The microgrid energy management system should plan to operate the microgrid while
simultaneously considering the electric and thermal load. The present study proposes energy management to
minimize the costs of operating an industrial microgrid. In fact, planning for energy supply is among the critical
issues that distribution companies deal with daily in the competitive environment. A distribution company
usually meets customer (end customer) demands by purchasing energy from a wholesale market. Given the load
curtailment, distribution companies have more choices and interactions in the market. Distribution companies
face the two uncertainties of load changes and price fluctuations in their daily energy supply planning which
could lead to the risk of loss resulting from the distribution company’s decision-making for daily energy supply
planning. Thus, these companies face the challenge of maximizing profit in a risk-based environment. Therefore,
the present study presents an optimal model of energy consumption in the production processes of aluminum
and cement industrial units. The presented model was then used in planning the day-ahead energy of a microgrid
containing these industrial units. Since the studied subject has many limitations, it would be difficult to solve it
using mathematical methods. To resolve this issue then, the present study introduces a newly developed algorithm
inspired by bee colonies. The proposed method seeks to significantly improve in the local and global search
capabilities. In addition to confirming the validity of the proposed model, results indicate that the implementation
of load-response programs and the cooperation of industrial units in the ancillary services and energy market can
increase the profits of units and microgrids as well as correct the demand curve. According to the obtained results
from the first and second test cases, the total profit of the aluminum unit was $188,103 and $237,805, respectively.
Similarly, this profit for the cement industrial unit is $104,350 and $233,195.3, respectively. From the results, it can
be observed that the final profit of the second unit has increased by 61%.
Keywords
Cite This Article
Li, B. (2023). Modeling Energy Consumption in the Production Processes of Industrial Units Based on Load Response Programs in the Energy Market.
Energy Engineering, 120(2), 461–481.