Open Access

ARTICLE

Study on the Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Boron Phenolic Resin Composites Enhanced by Silicone Resin Modification and Multiple Ceramic Fillers

Mingyan He^1,2, Jiayu Fu^1,2, Fangyu Guo^1,2, Dawei Jiang^1,2,*, Ting Yang^1,2, Miaojun Xu^1,2,*, Zijian Wu³, Bin Li^1,2,*
1 College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
2 Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
3 Department of Material Science and Technology, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
* Corresponding Author: Dawei Jiang. Email: ; Miaojun Xu. Email: ; Bin Li. Email:

Journal of Polymer Materials https://doi.org/10.32604/jpm.2026.075379

Received 30 October 2025; Accepted 16 January 2026; Published online 19 February 2026

Abstract

Phenolic resins are widely used in thermal protection, yet achieving simultaneous improvement in thermal stability and mechanical strength remains challenging. In this work, a vinyl-modified silicone resin (VMTQ) was synthesized and incorporated into a boron phenolic resin (BPF) matrix. Three composite ceramic fillers, Al₂O₃–SiO₂–ZrO₂ (ASZ), Al₂O₃–SiO₂–TiO₂ (AST), and Al₂O₃–SiO₂–MgO (ASM), were further introduced to construct a multi-oxide synergistic reinforcement system. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the maximum decomposition rate decreases by 0.2–0.3%·min⁻¹, while the ASM/V3/BPF-3 composite exhibits a 74.53% increase in char yield at 800°C and a 163.3°C increase in initial decomposition temperature, confirming its significantly enhanced thermal stability. SEM/EDS and XRD analyses reveal that ASZ, AST, and ASM promote the formation of stable ceramic phases, with ASM generating the densest MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ composite oxide layer. Mechanical testing demonstrates that ASZ improves vertical impact strength by 23.9%, AST increases parallel impact strength by 14.1%, and ASM enhances bending strength by 34.5% (316.8 MPa). These results clearly indicate that the combination of VMTQ modification with multi-oxide ceramic fillers can effectively elevate both the thermal stability and mechanical performance of BPF-based composites, providing a practical pathway for designing high-performance resins for demanding thermal-environment applications.

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Keywords

Ceramic packing; silicone resin; high temperature resistance

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