Grijalba P¹ y A del C Ridao²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 325-332, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.325

Abstract Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora is the major causal agent of stem canker in soybean (CTS) in Argentina. It has appeared mainly in the Southern Pampeana sub-region, but also in warm areas, and it has been observed with different levels of incidence, severity and virulence. The objective of this work was to study the growth rate in vitro and the pathogenicity of isolates from soybean plants at different temperatures. Twenty isolates from Buenos Aires Province were selected. The daily growth rate was measured in nine of them and in two reference isolates in potato dextrose agar (APD), under different light/darkness conditions… More >

Ayerdi Gotor A^1,5, M Berger¹, F Labalette², S Centis³, J Daydé¹, A Calmon⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 319-324, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.319

Abstract In sunflower, conventional breeding is widely used for the modification of traits such as the fatty acid composition, disease resistance, and mainly for obtaining commercial oil with high oleic acid content. There is a growing interest on tocopherols and phytosterols present in sunflower, due to their human health benefits. This emphasizes the need of studies on breeding programs for these bioactive components. A hundred of isogenic pairs of classic and its oleic version of hybrids and parental lines were cultivated in different locations in France between 2003 and 2006. The results indicated that sunflower oil is rich in α-tocopherol and… More >

Hernández-Ibáñez L, J Sahagún-Castellanos, JE Rodríguez-Pérez, MG Peña-Ortega, LM Rodríguez-Martínez

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 311-318, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.311

Abstract In many countries, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most important horticultural species, but good variety seeds are expensive. In hybrid breeding, the number of possible single crosses is too large with only a few lines. With 60 lines, for example, 1770 single-cross hybrids can be formed. This makes it expensive and even impossible to conduct an adequate experimental evaluation. These cases require the availability of methods for predicting hybrid performance. This study was designed to evaluate a method to predict fruit yield in tomato hybrids based on genomic fingerprints, the theory of mixed models, and the experimental evaluation of… More >

Galindo-Tovar ME, VS Gasperin-Sanatta, JA Alejandre-Rosas, OR Leyva-Ovalle, J Murguía-González, HE Lee-Espinosa, I L,ero-Torres

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 307-310, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.307

Abstract Sechium edule is an important crop in Southern Mexico and Central America, and México was the main producer, with 53% of the world production in 2012. This species presents high levels of morphological variation that have resulted in different types of varieties not clearly defined. However, morphological characteristics have not been sufficient to classify S. edule varieties, and it has been difficult to study the species genetic diversity. Because of it, there is a need to develop methods for studying the genetic diversity in S. edule. In this regard, the first step is to find a suitable DNA extraction method.… More >

Espinoza Sánchez EA¹, H Silos Espino¹, S Flores Benitez¹, LL Valera Montero¹, E Rodríguez Salazar², C Gallegos Vázquez³, F Guevara Lara⁴, M González Chavira⁵, HS Guzmán Maldonado⁵

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 299-306, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.299

Abstract Dendrograms were constructed based on AFLP markers and a table was used to group fruit characters of wild and cultivated genotypes of Mexican nopal (Opuntia spp.). The AFLP dendrogram obtained using ≈57.5 markers (from primers Mse I-CAC/Eco RI-AAG) did not agree with the known taxonomic classification for this species. Additionally, a complementary table for fruit characters (morphological and °Brix) showed a wide range for wild genotypes, e.g. from 21-22 °Brix for ‘Tapón Blanco’ and ‘Guilanche’ genotypes, to 5.0-8.2 °Brix for xoconostles (acidic fruits). Even though there were some divergences with taxonomic classification, it is expected that both genetic and physicochemical… More >

Wang QL, LT Zhang, JH Zou, DH Liu, JY Yue

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 291-298, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.291

Abstract The effects of various cadmium (Cd) concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μM) on root growth, cell division and micronuclei formation in root tip cells of Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. were investigated to better understand the processes of Cd-induced apoptosis. The results indicated that 10 μM of Cd had an obviously passive influence on root growth during the 24 h treatment, and that the influence was even more serious with increasing Cd concentrations and duration of treatments. The mitotic index decreased with increasing Cd concentration and duration of treatments. Cadmium induced c-mitosis, chromosome bridges, chromosome stickiness and micronuclei. The frequency… More >

Li^1,2 YY, X-T Lü¹, Z-W Wang¹, C Zhou^3,4, X-G Han¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 283-289, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.283

Abstract Relative growth rate (RGR) of plants is a key component of fitness. Theoretically, the RGR of plants would be closely related with biomass allocation. Our mechanistic understanding of the relationship between RGR and biomass allocation under global change scenarios is still limited. We examined the responses of RGR and biomass allocation of Leymus chinensis, a dominant grass in the temperate steppe of northern China, to a wide range of N addition. We found that N addition increased RGR of L. chinensis up to a threshold of 10 g N/m². While leaf and stem weight ratios were positively correlated with N… More >

Perissé P¹, R Lovey², ML Molinelli¹, M Scandaliaris²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 275-281, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.275

Abstract Cologania broussonetii (Balb.) DC. stands out as valuable perennial, native forage that grows in northwestern Argentina, Cordoba hills and San Luis Province. The objectives of this study were to establish the vegetative and reproductive structures in function of the strategies and survival tactics of Cologania broussonetii. The specimens were collected in the Pan de Azúcar loaf mountain, Córdoba, and in the experimental plots of the FCA, UNC, and were then deposited in the Herbarium ACOR and in the Seed Collection. Seedlings were obtained from germination assays. Cross section cuts were performed on the survival structures of adult plants, and on… More >

Ruiz MA^1,3, A Golberg^1,2, ML Molas¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 263-274, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.263

Abstract In semiarid regions rainfall is often scarce and erratic in space and time, making valuable the exploration of news genotypes with superior behavior in dry land systems. Tricepiro (X Triticosecale Wittmack x X Agrotriticum Ciferri & Giacom) is a synthetic cereal with long cycle and high biomass production in semiarid environments. However its performance under controlled water stress has not yet been evaluated. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of water stress on tricepiro genotypes in comparison with their progenitors: triticale and trigopiro. Morphophysiological traits related to forage yield were evaluated in the greenhouse and the… More >

Parolin P, M Ion Scotta, C Bresch

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 251-262, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.251

Abstract Dittrichia viscosa is a common plant species in the Mediterranean region which is adapted to a wide range of environmental stresses. It is an important species that can be used for phytoremediation, as bioaccumulator or bioindicator, and it has the potential for being employed in integrated pest management in the Mediterranean ecosystem due to its entomophilous character. More >