Jiménez-Juárez JA^1,2, G Arámbula-Villa³, E de la Cruz-Lázaro^1*, MA Aparicio-Trapala¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.84, No.1, pp. 1-7, 2015, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2015.84.001

Abstract Maize (Zea mays L.) tortilla is the major staple food for the Mexican population. Nine tropical maize genotypes were evaluated. All samples had white grains, a common characteristic in tropical maize, and therefore they were appropriate for nixtamalized flour industry. Grain, flour, masa and tortilla characteristics of each maize genotype were evaluated. Length, width, thickness, weight of 1000 grains and hardness of grain were determined. Moisture content, proteins, fat, ash, mean particle size, water absorption index, enthalpy, and flour temperature were also evaluated. Adhesiveness and cohesiveness were evaluated in masa. Moisture content, protein, capacity to puff up, roll making, tension… More >

Borghi ML¹, MA Ibañez¹, NC Bonamico¹, MV Kandus², D Almorza Gomar³, EA Guillin², JC Salerno², MA Di Renzo¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.81, pp. 123-131, 2012, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2012.81.123

Abstract Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) disease is a significant threat to corn production in Argentina. Sixty six hybrid combinations derived from the cross of twelve flint maize (Zea mays L) inbred lines were evaluated using a completely randomized block design with two replications. MRC disease severity grade (SG) and grain yield (GY) were the analyzed traits. Our objectives were to estimate the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities for these traits among twelve corn inbred lines, and to identify potential heterotic relationships among them. Diallel crosses were performed and these results were compared using Griffing’s method 2 model I… More >

Cervantes Ortiz F¹, G García De los Santos², A Carballo Carballo², D Bergvinson³, JL Crossa³, M Mendoza Elos¹, E Andrio Enríquez¹, JG Rivera Reyes¹, E Moreno Martínez⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.80, pp. 19-26, 2011, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2011.80.019

Abstract We determined the genetic components, and the correlation between the F₁ and the F₂ generations, for traits like seed and seedling vigor using a diallel crossing design. The study involved six tropical maize inbred lines from the CIMMYT. Crosses were formed in CIMMYT’s Maize Research Station in Tlaltizapan, Morelos during the summer of 2004. In order to produce F₂ seeds, F₁ crosses were grown at Tepalcingo, Mor. and Iguala, Guerrero. This was accomplished by controlling pollinations (half sibs). Seeds from the F₁ and the F₂ crosses were evaluated at the Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Mexico. F₁ and F₂ seeds were… More >

Kandus¹ M, D Almorza³, R Boggio Ronceros², JC Salerno¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.79, pp. 39-46, 2010, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2010.79.039

Abstract Our objective was to determine the genotype-environment interaction (GxE) in a hybrid integrated by maize lines either carrying or not balanced lethal systems. Experiments were conducted in three locations over a period of two years considering each yearlocation combination as a different environment. Yield data were analysed using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model and the Sites Regression Analysis (SREG). Results were represented by biplots. The AMMI analysis was the best model for determining the interaction. More >

De la Cruz-Lázaro E¹, G Castañón-Najera², NP Brito-Manzano¹, A Gómez-Vázquez¹, V Robledo-Torres³, AJ Lozano del Río³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.79, pp. 11-17, 2010, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2010.79.011

Abstract Estimation of genetic parameters using diallel crosses experiments aids to objective decision making in plant breeding programs. The objectives of this study were to estimate heterosis, the general combining ability (GCA) of eight tropical maize populations, and the specific combining ability (SCA) of 28 crosses. The populations evaluated were: population 21, 22, 23, 25, 32, 43, 49 and the commercial variety VS 536. The Griffing method 2 design was utilized to estimate GCA and SCA effects, on a complete randomized block design with two replications, at two planting dates. The diallel analysis showed significant differences (p≤0.01 and p≤0.05) among planting… More >

Diniz SPSS, RC Oliveira

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.78, pp. 155-160, 2009, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2009.78.155

Abstract The effects of fusaric acid, a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium sp, were investigated in relation to its action on corn seedlings. The mycotoxin inhibited the development of corn seedlings at 0.2 mM, causing root length reduction. Anatomically, alterations were only visible from 0.5 mM fusaric acid, directly influencing the cell differentiation process. Precocious differentiation reduces the elongation region. This explains (1) that root shortening is morphologically visible, and (2) the differentiation of a great number of lateral roots nearby the apex, which can be seen in longitudinal cuts. More >

Torroba MC, HA Paccapelo, L Aguilera, J Mazzola

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 93-102, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.093

Abstract An optimized methodology for improving regeneration of maize plants by direct organogenesis was evaluated. Our objective was to embarobtain genetically homogeneous plants through in vitro methods to regenerate clumps of multiple shoots from shoot tips at high frequency. Cultures were initiated from shoot tips of experimental lines of maize on a Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l benziladenine. Two experimental forage maize lines were used, in which two frequencies of subcultures were evaluated, namely line L. 850 (every 15 or 30 days) and line L.769 (every 30 days). It was observed that the highest rate of regeneration… More >

Antuna Grijalva O¹, SA Rodríguez Herrera¹, A Espinoza Banda¹, P Cano Ríos¹, G Llaven Valencia², JL Coyac Rodríguez¹, A González Torres¹, DG Reta Sánchez³, M Mendoza Elos⁴, E Andrio Enríquez⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.86, pp. 246-251, 2017, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2017.86.246

Abstract Knowledge of the genetic components of agronomic traits is an important factor to characterize landraces of maize to make them useful in plant breeding programs. The objective of this work was to know the genetic action and combining ability of several agronomic traits of five maize races and their crosses. Maize landraces analyzed were Jala, Tuxpeño, Celaya, Pepitilla and Dulce. Plant height, days to male and female flowering date after planting, and dry matter and grain yields were recorded. Those variables showed highly significant differences among genotypes. With the exception of dry matter yield, the other variables showed significant general… More >

Rodríguez-Pérez JE, J Sahagún-Castellanos, JL Escalante-González, JJ López-Reynoso, C V illanueva-Verduzco

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.86, pp. 224-227, 2017, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2017.86.224

Abstract Synthetic varieties (SVs) have been assumed to be genetically stable populations through generations. However, it has been recognized that the randomness of the genetic mechanism, the presence of parents with heterozygous genotypes, and the finite sample sizes of the individuals that represent each parent of a SV may cause gene loss, which may make it difficult to obtain the expected genotypic array of a given SV. To study this issue, the number of non-identical by descent (NIBD) genes in the sample of m plants of each parental line was considered as a random variable (Ym). The objectives were: (1) to… More >

Castañón-Nájera G¹, L Latorunerie-Moreno², YA Gálvez Muñoz³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.86, pp. 290-295, 2017, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2017.86.290

Abstract Among the different types of abiotic stresses, water is the most damaging for crops. In the current research, the effect of water stress, induced with Polyethylene Glycol 8000 (PEG8000) and Sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions, was studied in maize genotypes. A randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial arrangement and four replications of 25 seeds each was used. The studied maize genotypes were RC₂C39, RC₂C51 (wild varieties of the State of Tabasco backcrossed with the endogamic line CML247 of the International Center for the Improvement of Maize and Wheat), wild Tamulte, VS536, and Asgrow 7573 hybrid, study osmotic pressures (OP) were… More >