Zakariae Dlimi^*, Abdellah Ezzati, Saïd Ben Alla

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 2687-2703, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018942

Abstract The smart city is a technological framework that connects the city’s different components to create new opportunities. This connection is possible with the help of the Internet of Things (IoT), which provides a digital personality to physical objects. Some studies have proposed integrating Blockchain technology with IoT in different use cases as access, orchestration, or replicated storage layer. The majority of connected objects’ capacity limitation makes the use of Blockchain inadequate due to its redundancy and its conventional processing-intensive consensus like PoW. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a NOVEL model of a lightweight Blockchain framework (IoT-SmartChain), with a… More >

Faisal Jamil¹, Faiza Qayyum¹, Soha Alhelaly², Farjeel Javed³, Ammar Muthanna^4,5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 2513-2530, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018809

Abstract Nowadays, the blockchain, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence technology revolutionize the traditional way of data mining with the enhanced data preprocessing, and analytics approaches, including improved service platforms. Nevertheless, one of the main challenges is designing a combined approach that provides the analytics functionality for diverse data and sustains IoT applications with robust and modular blockchain-enabled services in a diverse environment. Improved data analytics model not only provides support insights in IoT data but also fosters process productivity. Designing a robust IoT-based secure analytic model is challenging for several purposes, such as data from diverse sources, increasing data size,… More >

Behnam Kiani Kalejahi^1,2,*, Ruslan Eminov¹, Aga Guliyev¹

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.39, No.2, pp. 287-296, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.05480

Abstract Blockchain can mean many things to many people. It is a set of protocols and encryption technologies for securely storing data on a distributed network for the developers. It is a distributed ledger for business and finance and the technology underlying the explosion of new digital currencies. For technologists, it is the driving force behind the next generation of the internet. On the other hand, it is a transformational technology facilitating large-scale human progress in previously unimagined ways for the rest of the people, a tool for radically reshaping society and economy. Some view it as a disruptive technology that… More >

Bo Mi¹, Yuan Weng¹, Darong Huang^1,*, Yang Liu¹, Yuqing Gan²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.39, No.2, pp. 265-274, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.017507

Abstract PoW (Proof of Work) plays a significant role in most blockchain systems to grant an accounting right over decentralized participants and ensure tamper resistance. Though hash functions are generally exploited for PoW due to their merits on summering, anti-collision, and irreversibility, they cannot certify that the bookkeeper is exactly the worker. Thereafter, such insistence may lead to abuse or even embezzlement of computing power for the benefit of malicious miners. To preserve the functionality of PoW but also bind the miners’ signing keys with their works, we build a post-quantum PoW scheme by changing the approximate closest vector norm for… More >

Jianping Yu^1,2,3, Zhuqing Qiao¹, Wensheng Tang^1,2,3,*, Danni Wang¹, Xiaojun Cao⁴

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.29, No.3, pp. 713-728, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.017154

Abstract In a distributed system such as Internet of things, the data volume from each node may be limited. Such limited data volume may constrain the performance of the machine learning classification model. How to effectively improve the performance of the classification in a distributed system has been a challenging problem in the field of data mining. Sharing data in the distributed network can enlarge the training data volume and improve the machine learning classification model’s accuracy. In this work, we take data sharing and the quality of shared data into consideration and propose an efficient Blockchain-based ID3 Decision Tree Classification… More >

Daojun Han^1,2,3, Jinyu Chen^3,4, Lei Zhang^1,2,3,*, Yatian Shen^1,2,3, Yihua Gao^3,5, Xueheng Wang^3,6

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.128, No.1, pp. 223-245, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016000

Abstract As one of the most valuable technologies, blockchains have received extensive attention from researchers and industry circles and are widely applied in various scenarios. However, data on a blockchain cannot be deleted. As a result, it is impossible to clean invalid and sensitive data and correct erroneous data. This, to a certain extent, hinders the application of blockchains in supply chains and Internet of Things. To address this problem, this study presents a deletable and modifiable blockchain scheme (DMBlockChain) based on record verification trees (RVTrees) and the multisignature scheme. (1) In this scheme, an RVTree structure is designed and added… More >

Zhen Yang¹, Hongao Zhang¹, Haiyang Yu^1,*, Zheng Li¹, Bocheng Zhu¹, Richard O. Sinnott²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.128, No.1, pp. 269-282, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015210

Abstract To address privacy concerns, data in the blockchain should be encrypted in advance to avoid data access from all users in the blockchain. However, encrypted data cannot be directly retrieved, which hinders data sharing in the blockchain. Several works have been proposed to deal with this problem. However, the data retrieval in these schemes requires the participation of data owners and lacks finer-grained access control. In this paper, we propose an attribute-based keyword search scheme over the encrypted blockchain, which allows users to search encrypted files over the blockchain based on their attributes. In addition, we build a file chain… More >

Xiajiong Shen^1,3, Shuaimin Jiang^2,3, Lei Zhang^1,2,3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1069-1085, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015736

Abstract The emergence of smart contracts has increased the attention of industry and academia to blockchain technology, which is tamper-proofing, decentralized, autonomous, and enables decentralized applications to operate in untrustworthy environments. However, these features of this technology are also easily exploited by unscrupulous individuals, a typical example of which is the Ponzi scheme in Ethereum. The negative effect of unscrupulous individuals writing Ponzi scheme-type smart contracts in Ethereum and then using these contracts to scam large amounts of money has been significant. To solve this problem, we propose a detection model for detecting Ponzi schemes in smart contracts using bytecode. In… More >

Yihuai Liang, Yan Li, Byeong-Seok Shin^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.3, pp. 2825-2842, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016682

Abstract A centralized trusted execution environment (TEE) has been extensively studied to provide secure and trusted computing. However, a TEE might become a throughput bottleneck if it is used to evaluate data quality when collecting large-scale data in a crowdsourcing system. It may also have security problems compromised by attackers. Here, we propose a scheme, named dTEE, for building a platform for providing distributed trusted computing by leveraging TEEs. The platform is used as an infrastructure of trusted computations for blockchain-based crowdsourcing systems, especially to securely evaluate data quality and manage remuneration: these operations are handled by a TEE group. First,… More >

Le Lai^1,*,Tongqing Zhou¹, Zhiping Cai¹, Zhiyao Liang², Hao Bai¹

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 29-44, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2021.016349

Abstract Bitcoin is known as the first decentralized digital currency around the world. It uses blockchain technology to store transaction data in a distributed public ledger, is a distributed ledger that removes third-party trust institutions. Since its invention, bitcoin has achieved great success, has a market value of about $200 billion. However, while bitcoin has brought a wide and far-reaching impact in the financial field, it has also exposed some security problems, such as selfish mining attacks, Sybil attack, eclipse attacks, routing attacks, EREBUS attacks, and so on. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of various attack scenarios that the bitcoin… More >