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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing Renewable Energy Integration: A Gaussian-Bare-Bones Levy Cheetah Optimization Approach to Optimal Power Flow in Electrical Networks

    Ali S. Alghamdi1,*, Mohamed A. Zohdy2, Saad Aldoihi3,4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.2, pp. 1339-1370, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048839 - 20 May 2024

    Abstract In the contemporary era, the global expansion of electrical grids is propelled by various renewable energy sources (RESs). Efficient integration of stochastic RESs and optimal power flow (OPF) management are critical for network optimization. This study introduces an innovative solution, the Gaussian Bare-Bones Levy Cheetah Optimizer (GBBLCO), addressing OPF challenges in power generation systems with stochastic RESs. The primary objective is to minimize the total operating costs of RESs, considering four functions: overall operating costs, voltage deviation management, emissions reduction, voltage stability index (VSI) and power loss mitigation. Additionally, a carbon tax is included in… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Therapeutic and regenerative potential of different sources of mesenchymal stem cells for cardiovascular diseases

    YARA ALZGHOUL, HALA J. BANI ISSA, AHMAD K. SANAJLEH, TAQWA ALABDUH, FATIMAH RABABAH, MAHA AL-SHDAIFAT, EJLAL ABU-EL-RUB*, FATIMAH ALMAHASNEH, RAMADA R. KHASAWNEH, AYMAN ALZU’BI, HUTHAIFA MAGABLEH

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.4, pp. 559-569, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.048056 - 09 April 2024

    Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ideal candidates for treating many cardiovascular diseases. MSCs can modify the internal cardiac microenvironment to facilitate their immunomodulatory and differentiation abilities, which are essential to restore heart function. MSCs can be easily isolated from different sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissues, umbilical cord, and dental pulp. MSCs from various sources differ in their regenerative and therapeutic abilities for cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we will summarize the therapeutic potential of each MSC source for heart diseases and highlight the possible molecular mechanisms of each source to restore cardiac function. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dual ligand-targeted Pluronic P123 polymeric micelles enhance the therapeutic effect of breast cancer with bone metastases

    HUAN GAO1,2, JIE ZHANG1, TONY G. KLEIJN1,3,4, ZHAOYONG WU5, BING LIU1,6, YUJIN MA6, BAOYUE DING1,*, DONGFENG YIN2,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 769-784, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.044276 - 20 March 2024

    Abstract Bone metastasis secondary to breast cancer negatively impacts patient quality of life and survival. The treatment of bone metastases is challenging since many anticancer drugs are not effectively delivered to the bone to exert a therapeutic effect. To improve the treatment efficacy, we developed Pluronic P123 (P123)-based polymeric micelles dually decorated with alendronate (ALN) and cancer-specific phage protein DMPGTVLP (DP-8) for targeted drug delivery to breast cancer bone metastases. Doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as the anticancer drug and was encapsulated into the hydrophobic core of the micelles with a high drug loading capacity (3.44%). The… More > Graphic Abstract

    Dual ligand-targeted Pluronic P123 polymeric micelles enhance the therapeutic effect of breast cancer with bone metastases

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    How aging affects bone health via the intestinal micro-environment

    HUAN HU1,2,*, YUE HUANG1, FANGZHOU LIU1, QIAN WANG1,2, YANZI YAO3,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.3, pp. 353-362, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.048311 - 15 March 2024

    Abstract Increasing life expectancy and an aging population lead to age-related bone diseases like osteoporosis and low bone mass more prevalent. These conditions represent a common, costly and chronic burden, not only for elderly but also to society at large. Consequently, elucidating the pathophysiology and developing effective therapies for these diseases is of paramount importance. Recent advances in research have identified the gut as a novel and promising target for addressing bone disorders, giving rise to the concept of the “gut-bone axis”. An in-depth review of the latest insights into the effects of age-related physiological changes More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Research on Cavitation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Herringbone Gear Pump

    Jinlong Yang, Kwang-Hee Lee, Chul-Hee Lee*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.3, pp. 2917-2946, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.046740 - 11 March 2024

    Abstract Cavitation is a common issue in pumps, causing a decrease in pump head, a fall in volumetric efficiency, and an intensification of outlet flow pulsation. It is one of the main hazards that affect the regular operation of the pump. Research on pump cavitation mainly focuses on mixed flow pumps, jet pumps, external spur gear pumps, etc. However, there are few cavitation studies on external herringbone gear pumps. In addition, pumps with different working principles significantly differ in the flow and complexity of the internal flow field. Therefore, it is urgent to study the cavitation… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MSADCN: Multi-Scale Attentional Densely Connected Network for Automated Bone Age Assessment

    Yanjun Yu1, Lei Yu1,*, Huiqi Wang2, Haodong Zheng1, Yi Deng1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 2225-2243, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047641 - 27 February 2024

    Abstract Bone age assessment (BAA) helps doctors determine how a child’s bones grow and develop in clinical medicine. Traditional BAA methods rely on clinician expertise, leading to time-consuming predictions and inaccurate results. Most deep learning-based BAA methods feed the extracted critical points of images into the network by providing additional annotations. This operation is costly and subjective. To address these problems, we propose a multi-scale attentional densely connected network (MSADCN) in this paper. MSADCN constructs a multi-scale dense connectivity mechanism, which can avoid overfitting, obtain the local features effectively and prevent gradient vanishing even in limited… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Overexpression of RUNX1 mitigates dexamethasone-induced impairment of osteogenic differentiation and oxidative stress injury in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by promoting alpha-2 macroglobulin transcription

    QINGJIAN HE1, HUIXIN ZHU2,3, SHANHONG FANG4,5,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.2, pp. 205-216, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.045109 - 23 February 2024

    Abstract Introduction: Dexamethasone (Dex) caused impaired osteoblast differentiation and oxidative stress (OS) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This work sought to elucidate the precise molecular pathway through which Dex influences osteogenic differentiation (OD) and OS in BMSCs. Methods: The expression of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M) was assessed in Dex-treated BMSCs using qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Following the functional rescue experiments, cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) expression… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Bone marrow microRNA-34a is a good indicator for response to treatment in acute myeloid leukemia

    MONA S. ABDELLATEIF1,*, NAGLAA M. HASSAN2, MAHMOUD M. KAMEL2, YOMNA M. EL-MELIGUI2

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 577-584, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.043026 - 06 February 2024

    Abstract Background: microRNA-34a (miR-34a) had been reported to have a diagnostic role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, its value in the bone marrow (BM) of AML patients, in addition to its role in response to therapy is still unclear. The current study was designed to assess the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive significance of miR-34a in the BM of AML patients. Methods: The miR-34a was assessed in BM aspirate of 82 AML patients in relation to 12 normal control subjects using qRT-PCR. The data were assessed for correlation with the relevant clinical criteria, response to therapy,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Histological Assessment of Bone Regeneration in the Maxilla with Homologous Bone Graft: A Feasible Option for Maxillary Bone Reconstruction

    Sergio Henrique Gonçalves Motta1, Ana Paula Ramos Soares1, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes2, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes2,3,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 131-148, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.043940 - 23 January 2024

    Abstract Bone biomaterials have been increasingly used to reconstruct maxillary atrophic ridges. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate bone reconstruction in the maxilla using a homologous cortico-cancellous FFB (lyophilized) graft and verify its reliability. Eight individuals were included from 2014 to 2018. The first surgery was performed to install homologous bone blocks in the maxilla. The period of the second intervention varied between 5 months and 15 days to 11 months (≈7.93 months). The biopsies were taken from the central region of the matured graft during the surgery for implant placement. All patients… More >

  • Open Access

    COMMENTARY

    Game-changing insights on vertebral skeletal stem cells in bone metastasis and therapeutic horizons

    QIUQIANG CHEN1,*, XIAOLEI ZHAO2, WENXUE MA3,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 95-98, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046174 - 15 November 2023

    Abstract Greenblatt and his team have unveiled vertebral skeletal stem cells (vSSCs) as a critical player in the landscape of bone metastasis. This commentary delves into the transformative discoveries surrounding vSSCs, emphasizing their distinct role in bone metastasis compared to other stem cell lineages. We illuminate the unique properties and functions of vSSCs, which may account for the elevated susceptibility of vertebral bones to metastatic invasion. Furthermore, we explore the exciting therapeutic horizons opened by this newfound understanding. These include potential interventions targeting vSSCs, modulation of associated signaling pathways, and broader implications for the treatment and More > Graphic Abstract

    Game-changing insights on vertebral skeletal stem cells in bone metastasis and therapeutic horizons

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