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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dealing with Imbalanced Dataset Leveraging Boundary Samples Discovered by Support Vector Data Description

    Zhengbo Luo1, Hamïd Parvïn2,3,4,*, Harish Garg5, Sultan Noman Qasem6,7, Kim-Hung Pho8, Zulkefli Mansor9

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2691-2708, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012547 - 28 December 2020

    Abstract These days, imbalanced datasets, denoted throughout the paper by ID, (a dataset that contains some (usually two) classes where one contains considerably smaller number of samples than the other(s)) emerge in many real world problems (like health care systems or disease diagnosis systems, anomaly detection, fraud detection, stream based malware detection systems, and so on) and these datasets cause some problems (like under-training of minority class(es) and over-training of majority class(es), bias towards majority class(es), and so on) in classification process and application. Therefore, these datasets take the focus of many researchers in any science… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Recognition and Classification of Pomegranate Leaves Diseases by Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques

    Mangena Venu Madhavan1, Dang Ngoc Hoang Thanh2, Aditya Khamparia1,*, Sagar Pande1, Rahul Malik1, Deepak Gupta3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2939-2955, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012466 - 28 December 2020

    Abstract Disease recognition in plants is one of the essential problems in agricultural image processing. This article focuses on designing a framework that can recognize and classify diseases on pomegranate plants exactly. The framework utilizes image processing techniques such as image acquisition, image resizing, image enhancement, image segmentation, ROI extraction (region of interest), and feature extraction. An image dataset related to pomegranate leaf disease is utilized to implement the framework, divided into a training set and a test set. In the implementation process, techniques such as image enhancement and image segmentation are primarily used for identifying More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Optimal Deep Learning Based Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Diabetic Retinopathy

    Phong Thanh Nguyen1, Vy Dang Bich Huynh2, Khoa Dang Vo1, Phuong Thanh Phan1, Eunmok Yang3,*, Gyanendra Prasad Joshi4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2815-2830, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012315 - 28 December 2020

    Abstract Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a significant blinding disease that poses serious threat to human vision rapidly. Classification and severity grading of DR are difficult processes to accomplish. Traditionally, it depends on ophthalmoscopically-visible symptoms of growing severity, which is then ranked in a stepwise scale from no retinopathy to various levels of DR severity. This paper presents an ensemble of Orthogonal Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (OPSO) algorithm-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model EOPSO-CNN in order to perform DR detection and grading. The proposed EOPSO-CNN model involves three main processes such as preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Urdu Ligature Recognition System: An Evolutionary Approach

    Naila Habib Khan1,*, Awais Adnan1, Abdul Waheed2,3, Mahdi Zareei4, Abdallah Aldosary5, Ehab Mahmoud Mohamed6,7

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1347-1367, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013715 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Cursive text recognition of Arabic script-based languages like Urdu is extremely complicated due to its diverse and complex characteristics. Evolutionary approaches like genetic algorithms have been used in the past for various optimization as well as pattern recognition tasks, reporting exceptional results. The proposed Urdu ligature recognition system uses a genetic algorithm for optimization and recognition. Overall the proposed recognition system observes the processes of pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, hierarchical clustering, classification rules and genetic algorithm optimization and recognition. The pre-processing stage removes noise from the sentence images, whereas, in segmentation, the sentences are segmented More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    IWD-Miner: A Novel Metaheuristic Algorithm for Medical Data Classification

    Sarab AlMuhaideb*, Reem BinGhannam, Nourah Alhelal, Shatha Alduheshi, Fatimah Alkhamees, Raghad Alsuhaibani

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1329-1346, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013576 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Medical data classification (MDC) refers to the application of classification methods on medical datasets. This work focuses on applying a classification task to medical datasets related to specific diseases in order to predict the associated diagnosis or prognosis. To gain experts’ trust, the prediction and the reasoning behind it are equally important. Accordingly, we confine our research to learn rule-based models because they are transparent and comprehensible. One approach to MDC involves the use of metaheuristic (MH) algorithms. Here we report on the development and testing of a novel MH algorithm: IWD-Miner. This algorithm can… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An IoT-Cloud Based Intelligent Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy Stage Classification Using Deep Learning Approach

    K. Shankar1,*, Eswaran Perumal1, Mohamed Elhoseny2, Phong Thanh Nguyen3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1665-1680, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013251 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a disease with an increasing prevalence and the major reason for blindness among working-age population. The possibility of severe vision loss can be extensively reduced by timely diagnosis and treatment. An automated screening for DR has been identified as an effective method for early DR detection, which can decrease the workload associated to manual grading as well as save diagnosis costs and time. Several studies have been carried out to develop automated detection and classification models for DR. This paper presents a new IoT and cloud-based deep learning for healthcare diagnosis… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Swarm-LSTM: Condition Monitoring of Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Based on Hybrid LSTM Deep Neural Network Optimized by Swarm Intelligence Algorithms

    Gopi Krishna Durbhaka1, Barani Selvaraj1, Mamta Mittal2, Tanzila Saba3,*, Amjad Rehman3, Lalit Mohan Goyal4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 2041-2059, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013131 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Nowadays, renewable energy has been emerging as the major source of energy and is driven by its aggressive expansion and falling costs. Most of the renewable energy sources involve turbines and their operation and maintenance are vital and a difficult task. Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis have seen remarkable and revolutionary up-gradation in approaches, practices and technology during the last decade. Turbines mostly do use a rotating type of machinery and analysis of those signals has been challenging to localize the defect. This paper proposes a new hybrid model wherein multiple swarm intelligence models have More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Deep Learning-Based Classification of Fruit Diseases: An Application for Precision Agriculture

    Inzamam Mashood Nasir1, Asima Bibi2, Jamal Hussain Shah2, Muhammad Attique Khan1, Muhammad Sharif2, Khalid Iqbal3, Yunyoung Nam4, Seifedine Kadry5,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1949-1962, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012945 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Agriculture is essential for the economy and plant disease must be minimized. Early recognition of problems is important, but the manual inspection is slow, error-prone, and has high manpower and time requirements. Artificial intelligence can be used to extract fruit color, shape, or texture data, thus aiding the detection of infections. Recently, the convolutional neural network (CNN) techniques show a massive success for image classification tasks. CNN extracts more detailed features and can work efficiently with large datasets. In this work, we used a combined deep neural network and contour feature-based approach to classify fruits… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Exploiting Structural Similarities to Classify Citations

    Muhammad Saboor Ahmed*, Muhammad Tanvir Afzal

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1195-1214, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012619 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Citations play an important role in the scientific community by assisting in measuring multifarious policies like the impact of journals, researchers, institutions, and countries. Authors cite papers for different reasons, such as extending previous work, comparing their study with the state-of-the-art, providing background of the field, etc. In recent years, researchers have tried to conceptualize all citations into two broad categories, important and incidental. Such a categorization is very important to enhance scientific output in multiple ways, for instance, (1) Helping a researcher in identifying meaningful citations from a list of 100 to 1000 citations… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Severity Recognition of Aloe vera Diseases Using AI in Tensor Flow Domain

    Nazeer Muhammad1, Rubab2, Nargis Bibi3, Oh-Young Song4, Muhammad Attique Khan5,*, Sajid Ali Khan6

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 2199-2216, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012257 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Agriculture plays an important role in the economy of all countries. However, plant diseases may badly affect the quality of food, production, and ultimately the economy. For plant disease detection and management, agriculturalists spend a huge amount of money. However, the manual detection method of plant diseases is complicated and time-consuming. Consequently, automated systems for plant disease detection using machine learning (ML) approaches are proposed. However, most of the existing ML techniques of plants diseases recognition are based on handcrafted features and they rarely deal with huge amount of input data. To address the issue,… More >

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