Tong Wu, Dawei Zhou, Qingyu Ou^*, Fang Luo

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.073482 - 12 January 2026

Abstract The increasing interconnection of modern industrial control systems (ICSs) with the Internet has enhanced operational efficiency, but also made these systems more vulnerable to cyberattacks. This heightened exposure has driven a growing need for robust ICS security measures. Among the key defences, intrusion detection technology is critical in identifying threats to ICS networks. This paper provides an overview of the distinctive characteristics of ICS network security, highlighting standard attack methods. It then examines various intrusion detection methods, including those based on misuse detection, anomaly detection, machine learning, and specialised requirements. This paper concludes by exploring More >

Saurabh Singh^1,2, Sudip Pandey^3,*, Ankush Kumar Jain¹

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 899-914, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.071156 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Urban expansion in semi-arid regions poses critical challenges for sustainable land management, ecological resilience, and heritage conservation. Jaipur, India—a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage City located in a semi-arid environment—faces rapid urbanization that threatens agricultural productivity, fragile ecosystems, and cultural assets. This study quantifies past and projects future land use/land cover (LULC) dynamics in Jaipur to support evidence-based planning. Using the Dynamic World dataset, we generated annual 10-m LULC maps from 2016 to 2025 within the municipal boundary. Temporal change detection was conducted through empirical transition probability analysis, and future… More >

Huan Wang^1,#, Jindong Xie^1,#, Na Li¹, Qianwen Liu¹, Wenqi Song¹, Wenkuan Chen¹, Cheng Peng^2,*, Hailin Tang^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3789-3800, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067592 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Solid tumors comprise the majority of the global cancer burden, with their incidence and associated mortality posing considerable challenges to public health systems. With population growth and aging, the burden of these tumors is anticipated to increase further in the coming decades. The progression of solid tumors depends on dynamic interactions between malignantly transformed cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy improves T cell-mediated antitumor activity by suppressing regulatory pathways, such as programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1. Nonetheless, its widespread application is constrained by drug resistance. In this comprehensive review, More >

Qiang Ma^1,2,3,4, Zepeng Li^1,2, Kai Yang^1,2,*, Shaofeng Zhang^1,2, Zhuopei Wei^1,2

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.6, pp. 1607-1634, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.069876 - 17 November 2025

Abstract Effective fault identification is crucial for bearings, which are critical components of mechanical systems and play a pivotal role in ensuring overall safety and operational efficiency. Bearings operate under variable service conditions, and their diagnostic environments are complex and dynamic. In the process of bearing diagnosis, fault datasets are relatively scarce compared with datasets representing normal operating conditions. These challenges frequently cause the practicality of fault detection to decline, the extraction of fault features to be incomplete, and the diagnostic accuracy of many existing models to decrease. In this work, a transfer-learning framework, designated DSCNN-HA-TL,… More >

Yan Eng Tan^*, Siti Nur Aliaa Roslan

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 777-791, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.070997 - 23 October 2025

Abstract Sinkholes, typically associated with karst landscapes, are emerging as significant geohazards in rapidly urbanising regions such as Kuala Lumpur, where human activities like land development, underground infrastructure, and groundwater extraction exacerbate subsurface instability. Despite their destructive potential, sinkholes remain under-monitored in Malaysia due to fragmented data and the lack of predictive spatial tools. This study aimed to develop a web-based, machine learning-driven framework for sinkhole susceptibility mapping to support public awareness, hazard mitigation, and geospatially informed urban planning. The framework was implemented using Google Earth Engine and Google Colab, focusing on Kuala Lumpur and parts… More >

Sotirios Charalampos Diamantoudis^1,#,*, Androulla N. Miliotou^2,#, Eleftheria Galatou², Stergiani Telliou³, Konstantinos Sideris⁴, Nikolaos Grigoriadis¹, Ioannis S. Vizirianakis^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.10, pp. 1799-1858, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.067216 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Hematological cancer stem cells (HCSCs) is a subpopulation of cells within hematological cancers that, through their characteristics, enhance malignancy and render their therapy more challenging. By uncovering the underlying mechanisms behind characteristic properties such as self-renewal, immune evasion, and conventional therapy resistance, as well as the major differences between other cancers and physiological cells, new and alternative targets can be assessed for use in existing and novel immunotherapeutic interventions. Through the evaluation of the existing literature, one can realize that there have already been several studies addressing the use of stem cell transplantation (SCT), monoclonal More > Graphic Abstract

Yan Zhou, Hengyang Wu^*

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.7, pp. 381-396, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jai.2025.071674 - 20 October 2025

Abstract Crack Detection is crucial for ensuring the safety and durability of buildings. With the advancement of deep learning, crack detection has increasingly adopted convolutional neural network (CNN)-based approaches, achieving remarkable progress. However, current deep learning methods frequently encounter issues such as high computational complexity, inadequate real-time performance, and low accuracy. This paper proposes a novel model to improve the performance of concrete crack detection. Firstly, the You Only Look Once (YOLOv11) backbone replaces the original Real-Time Detection Transformer (RTDETR) backbone, reducing computational complexity and model size. Additionally, the Dynamic Snake Convolution (DSConv) has been introduced More >

Lachezar Filchev^1,*, Milen Chanev¹, Galin Petrov²

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 513-533, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.064280 - 06 August 2025

Abstract This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of Earth Observation (EO) applications for soil health assessment in Europe and abroad. The study explores the effectiveness of EO in capturing contextual information about various soil properties and conditions, as well as its role in monitoring soil health over time. The authors examine the current state of operational, semi-operational, and developing EO products and services relevant to soil health indicators. These include vegetation cover, forest cover, soil organic carbon, soil structure, landscape heterogeneity, and the presence of soil pollutants, excess nutrients, and salts. The review identifies gaps… More > Graphic Abstract

An-Chao Tsai^*, Chayanon Pookunngern

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 2455-2471, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067413 - 03 July 2025

Abstract Food waste presents a major global environmental challenge, contributing to resource depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change. Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) offer an eco-friendly solution due to their exceptional ability to decompose organic matter. However, accurately identifying larval instars is critical for optimizing feeding efficiency and downstream applications, as different stages exhibit only subtle visual differences. This study proposes a real-time mobile application for automatic classification of BSFL larval stages. The system distinguishes between early instars (Stages 1–4), suitable for food waste processing and animal feed, and late instars (Stages 5–6), optimal for… More >

Fuheng Qu¹, Hailong Li^1,*, Ping Wang², Sike Guo², Lu Wang², Xiaofeng Li^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 3911-3925, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063820 - 03 July 2025

Abstract Rice spike detection and counting play a crucial role in rice yield research. Automatic detection technology based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery has the advantages of flexibility, efficiency, low cost, safety, and reliability. However, due to the complex field environment and the small target morphology of some rice spikes, the accuracy of detection and counting is relatively low, and the differences in phenotypic characteristics of rice spikes at different growth stages have a significant impact on detection results. To solve the above problems, this paper improves the You Only Look Once v8 (YOLOv8) model,… More >