Nomangwane Angelina Tshabalala¹, Ping Guo^2,*

Journal on Internet of Things, Vol.8, pp. 87-107, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jiot.2026.078248 - 06 May 2026

Abstract Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a disease that afflicts approximately 537 million individuals all over the world, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have become very important in the management of the disease. Nonetheless, the existing centralized data architecture of CGM generates high privacy and security risks, as sensitive patient health data can be easily abused. This paper introduces an original structure that incorporates both federated learning and blockchain technology and allows for predicting glucose safely and preserving privacy without affecting the integrity of the data. Our model uses the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural… More >

Shuyu Yuan^1,#, Guoxiao Han^1,#, Huimin Qiu¹, Henan Zheng², Rongzhi Fang¹, Wangmiao Xie¹, Wangui Yu^1,*, Xiaochun Peng^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2026.075338 - 21 April 2026

Abstract The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in maintaining host metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is closely associated with metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). These alterations affect energy harvest, bile acid and short-chain fatty acid metabolism, intestinal barrier integrity, and low-grade inflammation, thereby contributing to insulin resistance and ectopic fat accumulation. In this narrative review, we summarize current knowledge on microbiome-host interactions in metabolic diseases, with a focus on energy metabolism, immune regulation, and inflammatory pathways. We further More > Graphic Abstract

Jiafei He^1,2, Ailixiati Alifu², Haifan Wang², Renwei Chen^1,2,*

Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.075858 - 31 March 2026

Abstract Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) is an important independent risk factor for congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring. With an increasing number of women of childbearing age experiencing gestational hyperglycemia, the impact of an intrauterine hyperglycemic environment on fetal development has drawn significant attention. However, the teratogenic mechanisms underlying its effects on cardiac development remain incompletely understood. This review systematically analyzes relevant literature to summarize its underlying mechanisms and key findings: A hyperglycemic environment disrupts cardiac neural crest cell migration, differentiation, and the proliferation/apoptosis balance of cardiomyocytes by inducing oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammatory… More >

Abdullahi Abubakar Imam^1,*, Sahalu Balarabe Junaidu², Hussaini Mamman³, Ganesh Kumar³, Abdullateef Oluwagbemiga Balogun³, Sunder Ali Khowaja⁴, Shuib Basri³, Luiz Fernando Capretz⁵, Asmah Husaini⁶, Hanif Abdul Rahman⁶, Usman Ali¹, Fatoumatta Conteh¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.076187 - 30 March 2026

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare enables predicting diabetes using data-driven methods instead of the traditional ways of screening the disease, which include hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) screening techniques, which are invasive and limited in scale. Machine learning (ML) and deep neural network (DNN) models that use large datasets to learn the complex, nonlinear feature interactions, but the conventional ML algorithms are data sensitive and often show unstable predictive accuracy. Conversely, DNN models are more robust, though the ability to reach a high accuracy rate consistently on… More >

Andrea Dalbeni^1,2, Marco Vicardi^1,2,*, Leonardo A. Natola^1,2, Alessandra Auriemma³, Bernardo Stefanini⁴, Caterina Vivaldi⁵, Piera Federico⁶, Andrea Polloni⁷, Caterina Soldà⁸, Lorenzo Lani⁴, Ingrid Garajová⁹, Stefano Tamberi¹⁰, Stefania De Lorenzo¹¹, Fabio Piscaglia^4,12, Vincenzo Di Maria¹, Gianluca Masi⁵, Sara Lonardi⁸, Giovanni Brandi^4,7, Bruno Daniele⁶, Franco Trevisani^4,13, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni¹⁴, Laura Schiada¹⁴, Fabio Marra¹⁵, Claudia Campani¹⁵, Ciro Celsa¹⁶, Giuseppe Cabibbo¹⁶, Mariangela Bruccoleri¹⁷, Massimo Iavarone^17,18, Leonardo Stella¹⁹, Francesca R. Ponziani¹⁹, Tiziana Pressiani²⁰, Lorenza Rimassa^20,21, Francesco Tovoli⁴, David Sacerdoti²

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073063 - 23 March 2026

Abstract Objectives: The combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A+B) represents one of the standards first-line treatments for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Metformin has garnered attention for its potential antitumour and immunomodulatory properties beyond glycaemic control. This study aimed to assess metformin’s impact in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving A+B therapy. Methods: This retrospective analysis of a prospectively-maintained multicentre database included 523 patients with HCC treated with A+B from the ARTE (Atezolizumab-bevacizumab Real-life Experience for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma) dataset across 18 Italian centres (May 2020–January 2024). We evaluated objective response rate (ORR), disease… More >

Wenjiao Li¹, Shiliang Chen¹, Shihui Chen², Xinxing Li³, Yanjie Zhang^4,5,*

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.28, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2026.072912 - 27 February 2026

Abstract Objectives: 24-h movement behaviors (24-HMB), encompassing physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration, are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health. However, evidence on the comprehensive association of these behaviors with mental health in adults with diabetes in developing countries remains scarce. This study examined the association between 24-HMB guidelines and psychological health among adults with diabetes in developing countries. Methods: Data were retrieved from the World Health Organization’s study on Global Aging and Adult Health Survey dataset. Adults (N = 1905) diagnosed with diabetes from five low-and middle-income countries were included. The… More >

Chinenye Joseph Aliche^1,*, Erhabor Sunday Idemudia¹, Ike E. Onyishi²

Journal of Psychology in Africa, Vol.36, No.1, pp. 107-115, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jpa.2026.075295 - 26 February 2026

Abstract Self-compassion is an important psychological resource that improves health-related quality of life and diabetes self-management; however, the psychological processes underlying these associations remain unclear. This study examined the roles of meaning in life and resilience in the relationship between self-compassion and both health-related quality of life and diabetes self-management. Participants were 301 individuals living with type 2 diabetes (176 (58.5%) females, M age = 49.69, SD = 12.36) conveniently selected from two tertiary healthcare institutions in Nigeria. They completed self-report measures of self-compassion, meaning in life, resilience, health-related quality of life and diabetes self-management. Multiple… More >

George Anderson^*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.073221 - 14 February 2026

Abstract As natural killer (NK) cells eliminate cancer cells and virus-infected cells, as well as modulate various other medical conditions, including aging-associated conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders, understanding NK cell regulation is of considerable clinical importance. This article reviews the role of circadian processes (melatonin and the cortisol system), aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and vagal nerve in the modulation of NK cell function, highlighting the importance of the endogenous mitochondrial melatonergic pathway in NK cells. As circadian and exogenous melatonin increase NK cell cytotoxicity, the presence of the endogenous melatonergic pathway may be of some importance not… More >

Ruoxue Cai^1,#, Shuyi Hu^2,#, Feiyang Li², Huanhuan Sha^3,*, Guoren Zhou^2,*, Ying Fang³

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.070893 - 19 January 2026

Abstract Objective: To determine whether immunotherapy can bring new hope for patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate whether immunotherapy can achieve better efficacy in LS-SCLC patients. Methods: We evaluated 122 LS-SCLC patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) or sequential chemoradiotherapy (SCRT) (Group A) and immunotherapy combined with CCRT/SCRT followed by immunotherapy (Group B), to assess the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and progression-free survival (PFS). Factors affecting prognosis were also explored using Cox analysis. The prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes and patients with… More >

Cheng-Hsun Chuang^1,2,3,#, Ping-Kun Tsai^3,4,5,6,#, Shih-Wen Kao^7,8, Yu-Hsun Wang^8,9,*, Chao-Bin Yeh^1,2,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.072875 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Background: To determine whether initiating a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) within 3 months of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) diagnosis alters the subsequent risk of overall and site-specific cancer and whether this association differs by baseline body-mass index (BMI). Methods: This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from the TriNetX U.S. research network. Adults aged 20 years or older diagnosed with T2DM between 2016 and 2024 were included if they received any hypoglycemic agents within 3 months before and after diagnosis. Following 1:1 propensity score matching, both the GLP-1 RA user and non-user… More > Graphic Abstract