Bismillah Mubeen^1,2,#, Ammarah Hasnain^2,3,#,*, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi⁴, Fahad Hakim⁵, Syed Sheharyar Hassan Naqvi⁶, Muhammad Zeeshan Hassan⁴, Muhammad Umer Iqbal⁷, Mahmoud Moustafa⁸, Mohammed O. Alshaharni⁸, Mingzheng Duan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.7, pp. 1941-1971, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064056 - 31 July 2025

Abstract Plants have long served as a cornerstone for drug discovery, offering a vast repertoire of bioactive compounds with proven efficacy in combating oxidative stress, a pivotal driver of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. This review synthesizes current knowledge on plant-derived antioxidants, emphasizing their mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and quantitative efficacy validated through standardized assays. Key phytochemicals, including polyphenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) through radical scavenging, enzyme modulation, and gene regulation. For instance, lutein, a carotenoid found in leafy greens, demonstrates potent antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values… More >

Tehreem Fatima¹, Kewen Xia^1,*, Wenbiao Yang², Qurat Ul Ain¹, Poornima Lankani Perera¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.1, pp. 811-826, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.063686 - 09 June 2025

Abstract The rising prevalence of diabetes in modern society underscores the urgent need for precise and efficient diagnostic tools to support early intervention and treatment. However, the inherent limitations of existing datasets, including significant class imbalances and inadequate sample diversity, pose challenges to the accurate prediction and classification of diabetes. Addressing these issues, this study proposes an innovative diabetes prediction framework that integrates a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (CNN-BiGRU) model for classification with Adaptive Synthetic Sampling (ADASYN) for data augmentation. ADASYN was employed to generate synthetic yet representative data samples, effectively mitigating class… More >

CARLOS ALFONSO FLORES-GUTIéRREZ¹, ERANDIS DHENI TORRES-SáNCHEZ¹, EMMANUEL REYES-URIBE¹, JUAN HERIBERTO TORRES-JASSO², JOEL SALAZAR-FLORES^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.5, pp. 767-787, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062225 - 27 May 2025

Abstract Pesticides are chemical substances used to eliminate various pests. Currently, more than two million tons of pesticides are used annually in developing and developed countries. One of the chronic diseases associated with pesticide poisoning is diabetes. This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved in the development of diabetes after pesticide poisoning. Relevant information was collected between January and May 2024, using databases such as PubMed, Google Academic, and Elsevier. Pesticides reduce the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the intestine, thereby decreasing the release of insulin. Moreover, pesticides are metabolized to acetic More >

Saleh Albahli^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.1, pp. 1095-1128, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.058821 - 11 April 2025

Abstract Predicting hospital readmission and length of stay (LOS) for diabetic patients is critical for improving healthcare quality, optimizing resource utilization, and reducing costs. This study leverages machine learning algorithms to predict 30-day readmission rates and LOS using a robust dataset comprising over 100,000 patient encounters from 130 hospitals collected over a decade. A comprehensive preprocessing pipeline, including feature selection, data transformation, and class balancing, was implemented to ensure data quality and enhance model performance. Exploratory analysis revealed key patterns, such as the influence of age and the number of diagnoses on readmission rates, guiding the More >

Nicholas T. Bello¹, Bonnie L. Firestein², Maribel Vazquez^3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 349-354, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.061810 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Neurodegeneration of retinal tissue leads to progressive vision loss in millions of working-age adults each year. Metabolic alterations caused by modern diets that are high in fats and sugars contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy. Chronic, diet-induced metabolic changes are linked to high glucose and harmful, pro-inflammatory compounds in the blood, called advanced glycation end products (AGEs), that can alter the integrity of neurovascular barriers. AGEs-induced changes to the permeability of the inner blood-retinal barrier can lead to progressive vision loss with disparate impacts in patients with low estrogen, such as via natural aging More >

Roberto Noya Galluzzo¹, Karine Souza Da Correggio¹, Aldo von Wangenheim², Heron Werner³, Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-Valenzuela⁴, Edward Araujo Júnior^5,6,*, Alexandre Sherlley Casimiro Onofre⁷

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 89-101, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.063014 - 18 March 2025

Abstract Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder, leads to organ damage due to chronic hyperglycemia with multiple pathogenic processes. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses risks to mothers and offspring, increasing the incidence of structural congenital heart disease (CHD) and myocardial hypertrophy in newborns. Objective: This review aimed to examine the association between maternal diabetes mellitus and CHD. Methods: This systematic review used the STROBE and TRIPOD checklists registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024513858). It focused on diagnostic test accuracy using the Munn et al. protocol for systematic assessment, emphasizing the “PIRD”: Population, Index Test, Reference Test, Diagnosis of Interest.… More >

Sha Chen^1,#, Minkai Cao^1,#, Kerong Liu^2,*, Ying Gu^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.2, pp. 181-198, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.058745 - 28 February 2025

Abstract The increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an array of pregnancy complications and enduring health challenges in both mothers and their offspring. Studies have indicated that exposure to the intrauterine environment can prompt adaptations in the offspring, thereby programming transgenerational inheritance. Physical activity during pregnancy, as a non-pharmacological intervention, mitigates metabolic risks through epigenetic modifications, mediating placental adaptations, the action of exercise factors, and gut microbiota. Here, we provide a review summarizing how regular exercise can reduce the risk of GDM and positively influence pregnancy outcomes. It also discusses the exercise-induced More >

VIRGINIA LOTTI¹, GAETANO DE SIENA², STEFANO BACCI^3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.12, pp. 1751-1759, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.057904 - 30 December 2024

Abstract Background: Impaired wound healing is one of the most well-known complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Experimental evidence suggested that treatment with Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist displaying a wide range of antidiabetic effects, can promote tissue regeneration. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of topical treatment with Exendin-4 in accelerating wound healing in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic mice. Methods: For this purpose, two wounds inflicted on the back skin of 12 normo- and 12 hyperglycemic mice were injected intradermally with either saline solution or Exendin-4. Wounds were collected at the time of abrasion… More >

TINGTING LIU^#, XIANGRUI KONG^#, JIANSHE WEI^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.12, pp. 1735-1749, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.056272 - 30 December 2024

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. In recent times, an elevated risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) development among individuals with T2DM has become evident. However, the molecular mechanisms that underpin the interplay between T2DM and the pathogenesis of PD remain to be elucidated. Nevertheless, recent epidemiological studies have underscored several shared molecular pathways that are crucial for normal cellular function and are also associated with the progression and etiology of both T2DM and PD. This review encapsulates some of the shared pathophysiological mechanisms, including genetic risk factors, More >

SIYUAN LIU, YUAN ZHAO, YU YU, DOU YE, QIAN WANG, ZHAOYAN WANG, ZUO LUAN^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.7, pp. 1115-1126, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.050493 - 03 July 2024

Abstract Introduction: Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, whether the infused MSCs affect the endoplasmic reticulum stress or subsequent unfolded protein response in β cells remains unclear. Methods: To investigate this, we induced early-onset T1D in non-obese diabetic mice using streptozotocin. Subsequently, T1D mice were randomly assigned to receive either MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline. We observed the in vivo homing of MSCs and assessed their effectiveness by analyzing blood glucose levels, body weight, histopathology, pancreatic protein expression, and serum levels of cytokines, proinsulin, and C-peptide. Results: Infused MSCs… More > Graphic Abstract