M.S. Maharajan^1,*, T. Abirami²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.41, No.3, pp. 1173-1189, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.020312

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have become a hot research area owing to the unique characteristics and applicability in diverse application areas. Clustering and routing techniques can be considered as an NP hard optimization problem, which can be addressed by metaheuristic optimization algorithms. With this motivation, this study presents a chaotic sandpiper optimization algorithm based clustering with groundwater flow optimization based routing technique (CSPOC-GFLR). The goal of the CSOC-GFLR technique is to cluster the sensor nodes in WSN and elect an optimal set of routes with an intention of achieving energy efficiency and maximizing network lifetime. The CSPOC algorithm is derived… More >

E. Ahila Devi¹, K. C. Ramya², K. Sathesh Kumar³, Sultan Ahmad⁴, Seifedine Kadry⁵, Hyung Ju Park⁶, Byeong-Gwon Kang^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 1567-1580, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022539

Abstract A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) involves a group of wireless mobile nodes which create an impermanent network with no central authority and infrastructure. The nodes in the MANET are highly mobile and it results in adequate network topology, link loss, and increase the re-initialization of the route discovery process. Route planning in MANET is a multi-hop communication process due to the restricted transmission range of the nodes. Location aided routing (LAR) is one of the effective routing protocols in MANET which suffers from the issue of high energy consumption. Though few research works have focused on resolving energy consumption… More >

Mesfer Al Duhayyim¹, Marwa Obayya², Fahd N. Al-Wesabi^3,4, Anwer Mustafa Hilal^5,*, Mohammed Rizwanullah⁵, Majdy M. Eltahir⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 825-842, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021490

Abstract With technological advancements in 6G and Internet of Things (IoT), the incorporation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and cellular networks has become a hot research topic. At present, the proficient evolution of 6G networks allows the UAVs to offer cost-effective and timely solutions for real-time applications such as medicine, tracking, surveillance, etc. Energy efficiency, data collection, and route planning are crucial processes to improve the network communication. These processes are highly difficult owing to high mobility, presence of non-stationary links, dynamic topology, and energy-restricted UAVs. With this motivation, the current research paper presents a novel Energy Aware Data Collection with… More >

Samira Mujkic^1,*, Suad Kasapovic¹, Mohammed Abuibaid²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 871-888, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021441

Abstract This paper investigates the resource optimization problem for a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network in which each base station (BS) is equipped with a large number of antennas and each base station (BS) adapts the number of antennas to the daily load profile (DLP). This paper takes into consideration user location distribution (ULD) variation and evaluates its impact on the energy efficiency of load adaptive massive MIMO system. ULD variation is modeled by dividing the cell into two coverage areas with different user densities: boundary focused (BF) and center focused (CF) ULD. All cells are assumed identical in terms… More >

Anwer Mustafa Hilal^1,*, Lamia Osman Widaa², Fahd N. Al-Wesabi³, Mohammad Medani³, Manar Ahmed Hamza¹, Mesfer Al Duhayyim⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 667-681, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021338

Abstract The emergence of Beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G networks translated personal and industrial operations highly effective, reliable, and gainful by speeding up the growth of next generation Internet of Things (IoT). Industrial equipment in 6G encompasses a huge number of wireless sensors, responsible for collecting massive quantities of data. At the same time, 6G network can take real-world intelligent decisions and implement automated equipment operations. But the inclusion of different technologies into the system increased its energy consumption for which appropriate measures need to be taken. This has become mandatory for optimal resource allocation in 6G-enabled industrial applications. In this… More >

P. Manjula^1,*, Dr. S. Baghavathi Priya²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 573-587, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.020969

Abstract Recent developments in low power electronic devices integrated into wireless communication technologies resulted in the domain of wireless sensor networks (WSN), which finds in applications in diverse data gathering and tracking applications. Since WSN is mostly deployed in harsh and inaccessible environments, it is necessary to design energy efficient and security solutions. The clustering technique is an effective way to lengthen the lifetime of WSN. But most of the clustering techniques elect cluster heads (CHs) irrespective of clusters. To resolve this issue, this paper presents a new intelligent metaheuristics based energy aware clustering with data encryption protocol (IMEAC-DEP) for WSN.… More >

Murad A. A. Almekhlafi¹, Fahd N. Al-Wesabi^2,3, Anwer Mustafa Hilal⁴, Manar Ahmed Hamza^4,*, Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud⁵, Mohammed Rizwanullah⁴

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 557-571, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.020576

Abstract Using fossil fuels and non-renewable forms of energy has many adverse effects on the global ecosystem, and global demand exceeds the limited available resources. Renewable energy is one of the essential elements of social and economic development in any civilized country. This study comprises a feasibility study of the implementation of PV systems in a hybrid diesel network and analyzes the relationship between the effective uses of photovoltaic systems, the return of energy to the environment, and that country’s national economy. As a potential solution for the public and private utilities, the sunny web design application was used to calculate… More >

Zilong Jin^1,2, Chengbo Zhang¹ , Kan Yao³ , Dun Cao⁴ , Seokhoon Kim⁵, Yuanfeng Jin^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 5991-6005, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021498

Abstract

Cognitive radio devices can utilize the licensed channels in an opportunistic manner to solve the spectrum scarcity issue occurring in the unlicensed spectrum. However, these cognitive radio devices (secondary users) are greatly affected by the original users (primary users) of licensed channels. Cognitive users have to adjust operation parameters frequently to adapt to the dynamic network environment, which causes extra energy consumption. Energy consumption can be reduced by predicting the future activity of primary users. However, the traditional prediction-based algorithms require large historical data to achieve a satisfying precision accuracy which will consume a lot of time and memory space.… More >

Rao Muhammad Asif¹, Mustafa Shakir¹, Jamel Nebhen², Ateeq Ur Rehman³, Muhammad Shafiq^4,*, Jin-Ghoo Choi⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 5889-5905, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020777

Abstract 5G technology can greatly improve spectral efficiency (SE) and throughput of wireless communications. In this regard, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology has become the most influential technology using huge antennas and user equipment (UE). However, the use of MIMO in 5G wireless technology will increase circuit power consumption and reduce energy efficiency (EE). In this regard, this article proposes an optimal solution for weighing SE and throughput tradeoff with energy efficiency. The research work is based on the Wyner model of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) transmission under the multi-cell model scenario. The SE-EE trade-off is carried out by… More >

S. Vaishnavi^1,*, T. Sethukarasi²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.31, No.3, pp. 1919-1937, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.021006

Abstract The deployment of wireless sensors in the hostile environment makes them susceptible to malicious attacks. One of the most harmful attacks is the clone attack in which a malicious node illegitimately claims the identity of a genuine node in the network and eventually tries to capture the entire network. This attack is also termed as node replication attack. The mobile nature of wireless sensor network (WSN) in smart health environment increases the vulnerability of node replication attack. Since the data involved in smart health system are highly sensitive data, preserving the system from the attack by malicious nodes is a… More >