Shaojian Zou^1,#, Lipeng Zhang^2,#, Xiang Chen^3,#, Zhuomin Wang², Xinhui Zhu², Dandong Luo⁴, Shengxun Mao^2,*, Zhen Zong^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3753-3788, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067586 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Traditional cancer therapies have limitations like poor efficacy on advanced tumors, healthy tissue damage, side effects, and drug resistance, creating an urgent need for new strategies. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and controlled release, while extracellular vesicles (EVs) enable targeting and bioactive transport. This review systematically summarizes hydrogels and EVs, focusing on the construction of hydrogel-EV delivery system, key influencing factors, drug delivery mechanisms, and tumor therapy apps, clarifying their synergies. The system overcomes single-carrier flaws, construction methods/key factors affect performance, preclinical studies have confirmed efficacy in multiple therapies, but large-scale production and in vivo stability challenges More >

CHIOMA C. EZEUKO^#, SANDANI V. T. WIJERATHNE^#, QIANA L. MATTHEWS^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.9, pp. 1605-1629, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065474 - 25 September 2025

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have arisen as potential therapeutic tools in managing infectious diseases because EVs can regulate cell-to-cell signaling, function as drug transport mechanisms, and influence immune reactions. They are obtained from a myriad of sources, such as plants, humans, and animal cells. EVs like exosomes and ectosomes can be utilized in their native form as therapeutics or engineered to encompass antimicrobials, vaccines, and oligonucleotides of interest with a targeted delivery strategy. An in-depth understanding of host-pathogen dynamics provides a solid foundation for exploiting its full potential in therapeutics against infectious diseases. This review mainly More >

MINGZHI LUO^#,*, CHANGYU SUN^#, JIA GUO, XIANGRONG ZHANG, JING ZHANG, XUANYU SHI, LEI LIU, YAN PAN, JINGJING LI, LINHONG DENG^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.5, pp. 833-855, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063869 - 27 May 2025

Abstract Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) provides life support for patients with severe respiratory distress but can simultaneously cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). However, due to a poor understanding of its mechanism, there is still a lack of effective remedies for the often-deadly VILI. Recent studies indicate that the stretch associated with MV can enhance the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), both of which can contribute to VILI. But whether MV-associated stretch enhances the secretion of EVs via ER stress in ASMCs as an underlying… More > Graphic Abstract

MAGDALENA WILCZAK^1,2,#, MAGDALENA SURMAN^1,#,*, MAłGORZATA PRZYBYłO^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 245-262, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055449 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Angiogenesis, the expansion of pre-existing vascular networks, is crucial for normal organ growth and tissue repair, but is also involved in various pathologies, including inflammation, ischemia, diabetes, and cancer. In solid tumors, angiogenesis supports growth, nutrient delivery, waste removal, and metastasis. Tumors can induce angiogenesis through proangiogenic factors including VEGF, FGF-2, PDGF, angiopoietins, HGF, TNF, IL-6, SCF, tryptase, and chymase. This balance is disrupted in tumors, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to this by transferring proangiogenic factors and increasing their expression in endothelial cells (ECs). Malignant melanoma, a particular type of skin cancer, accounts for More >

ZHENGYANG ZHOU^1,#, LEI QIAO^1,#, TONGTONG WANG¹, WEN PAN¹, JINGJING DUAN¹, HAIYANG ZHANG², TING DENG¹, YI BA^1,*, YI HE^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 327-345, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050431 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Background: Patients with gastric cancer (GC) are prone to lymph node metastasis (LNM), which is an important factor for recurrence and poor prognosis of GC. Nowadays, more and more studies have confirmed that exosomes can participate in tumor lymphangiogenesis. An in-depth exploration of the pathological mechanism in the process of LNM in GC may provide effective targets and improve the diagnosis and treatment effect. Materials and Methods: We used sequencing analysis of collected serum to screen out exo-miRNA related to LNM in GC. ELISA, qRT-PCR, Western Blot, RNA pull-down assay, Transwell assay, animal experiments, and other… More > Graphic Abstract

ZAREMA GILAZIEVA¹, DANIIL MOLDAVSKII¹, EKATERINA LUZINA¹, AISYLU KADYROVA¹, ALISA SHAIMARDANOVA¹, SHAZA ISSA², ALBERT RIZVANOV^1,3,*, VALERIYA SOLOVYEVA¹

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.12, pp. 1667-1681, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.058490 - 30 December 2024

Abstract Aggressive malignant brain tumors have a poor prognosis, and early detection can significantly improve treatment effectiveness and increase patient survival rates. Various methods are available for diagnosing brain tumors, with biopsy being one of the primary options. However, a biopsy is an invasive procedure that carries a risk of brain damage, highlighting the need for safer alternatives. One promising non-invasive method is liquid biopsy, which involves extracting extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different biological fluids. Most cell types can produce and release extracellular vesicles. EVs isolated from bodily fluids, along with the molecules they carry—such More >

SULING XU¹, XIAO LI², WENXUE MA^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.11, pp. 1701-1708, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055161 - 16 October 2024

Abstract The environment surrounding a tumor, known as the tumor microenvironment (TME), plays a role in how cancer progresses and responds to treatment. It poses both challenges and opportunities for improving cancer therapy. Recent progress in understanding the TME complexity and diversity has led to approaches for treating cancer. This perspective discusses the strategies for targeting the TME, such as adjusting networks using extracellular vesicles to deliver drugs and enhancing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIS) through combined treatments. Furthermore, it highlights adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapies as an option for tumors. By studying how components of the More >

NOELIA L. D´ELĺA^1,2, A. NOEL GRAVINA^1,2, LUCIANO A. BENEDINI^2,3,*, PAULA V. MESSINA^1,2

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.10, pp. 1401-1403, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.055512 - 02 October 2024

Abstract This work shows relevant interactions between cells and drug-delivery systems based on vesicles crucial for therapeutic activity. This interplay drives strategies for the design of new drug-carry. Among the described systems are found liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and hybrid systems. The text details their properties, advantages, and constraints, and eventually, a perspective about the future of these formulations is proposed. More >

YUN WANG¹, XIAOJIANG LI², DALONG LIU², ZHIFENG WANG³, JICHEN XIA⁴, LIJUN WANG⁵, XUDONG ZHANG^6,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.10, pp. 1649-1660, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.043482 - 18 September 2024

Abstract Exosomes, minute vesicles ubiquitously released by diverse cell types, serve as critical mediators in intercellular communication. Their pathophysiological relevance, especially in malignancies, has garnered significant attention. A meticulous exploration of the exosomal impact on cancer development has unveiled avenues for innovative and clinically valuable techniques. The cargo conveyed by exosomes exerts transformative effects on both local and distant microenvironments, thereby influencing a broad spectrum of biological responses in recipient cells. These membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in delivering bioactive molecules among cells and organs. Cellular and biological processes in recipient cells, ranging… More > Graphic Abstract

YU LIU^*, ROBERT J. KASPER, NATALIE J. S. CHOI^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.1, pp. 1-8, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.031158 - 30 January 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological conditions. Growing evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected cells. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs, resulting in complications of multiple organ systems. As the cell surface receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host… More >