Abdullah Alourani¹, Mehtab Alam^2,*, Ashraf Ali³, Ihtiram Raza Khan⁴, Chandra Kanta Samal²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.1, pp. 1-32, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.070161 - 10 November 2025

Abstract The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management. Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things (IoT)-based data acquisition, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven analytics, or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop. As a result, many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness, interoperability, and scalability, while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved. This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing, distributed intelligence, and simulation-based decision support. The… More >

Qin Hu, Hongshan Kong^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.1, pp. 1-31, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069078 - 10 November 2025

Abstract To address the issues of frequent identity switches (IDs) and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking (MOT) under complex occlusion scenarios, this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling. By constructing a joint tracking model centered on “intra-class independent tracking + cross-category dynamic binding”, designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints, and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy, this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion, cross-camera tracking, and crowded environments. Experiments… More >

Yezi Zeng^1,*, Yufei Cong²

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.27, No.11, pp. 1663-1679, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.072125 - 28 November 2025

Abstract Background: Academic stress is a critical factor influencing university students’ well-being. However, research has shown that stress is not a unidimensional construct; different types of stressors (challenge vs. hindrance) may lead to distinct outcomes. This study constructed a structural equation model (SEM) to examine the relationships between challenge and hindrance academic stressors and students’ well-being, as well as the mediating mechanisms. Methods: Data were collected from 836 undergraduates at six universities in China (58.4% female, 41.6% male; Mean age = 20.47 ± 1.46 years). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and SEM with 5000 bootstrap resamples were conducted… More >

Abdelouahab Benseddik^1,*, Djamel Daoud¹, Ahmed Badji^1,2, Hocine Bensaha¹, Tarik Hadibi^3,5, Yunfeng Wang⁴, Li Ming⁴

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.12, pp. 5021-5037, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.072991 - 27 November 2025

Abstract In Saharan climates, greenhouses face extreme diurnal temperature fluctuations that generate thermal stress, reduce crop productivity, and hinder sustainable agricultural practices. Passive thermal storage using Phase Change Materials (PCM) is a promising solution to stabilize microclimatic conditions. This study aims to evaluate experimentally and numerically the effectiveness of PCM integration for moderating greenhouse temperature fluctuations under Saharan climatic conditions. Two identical greenhouse prototypes were constructed in Ghardaïa, Algeria: a reference greenhouse and a PCM-integrated greenhouse using calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl₂·6H₂O). Thermal performance was assessed during a five-day experimental period (7–11 May 2025) under severe ambient conditions.… More > Graphic Abstract

Yassir M. Abbas^*, Abdulaziz Alsaif^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 1789-1819, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073088 - 26 November 2025

Abstract The rapid advancement of three-dimensional printed concrete (3DPC) requires intelligent and interpretable frameworks to optimize mixture design for strength, printability, and sustainability. While machine learning (ML) models have improved predictive accuracy, their limited transparency has hindered their widespread adoption in materials engineering. To overcome this barrier, this study introduces a Random Forests ensemble learning model integrated with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Partial Dependence Plots (PDPs) to model and explain the compressive strength behavior of 3DPC mixtures. Unlike conventional “black-box” models, SHAP quantifies each variable’s contribution to predictions based on cooperative game theory, which enables… More >

Bo Yang^1,2, Yu Zhou³, Jiawei Tian^4,*, Xiang Zhang², Fupei Guo², Shan Liu^5,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 2253-2276, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.072031 - 26 November 2025

Abstract Accurate calibration of surgical instruments and ultrasound probes is essential for achieving high precision in image guided minimally invasive procedures. However, existing methods typically treat the calibration of the needle tip and the ultrasound probe as two independent processes, lacking an integrated calibration mechanism, which often leads to cumulative errors and reduced spatial consistency. To address this challenge, we propose a joint calibration model that unifies the calibration of the surgical needle tip and the ultrasound probe within a single coordinate system. The method formulates the calibration process through a series of mathematical models and… More >

Maysaa Al-Qurashi¹, Ayesha Siddiqa², Shazia Karim³, Yu-Ming Chu^4,5,*, Saima Rashid^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 2057-2129, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071629 - 26 November 2025

Abstract Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral infection caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV). It is characterized by acute onset of high fever, severe polyarthralgia, myalgia, headache, and maculopapular rash. The virus is rapidly spreading and may establish in new regions where competent mosquito vectors are present. This research analyzes the regulatory dynamics of a stochastic differential equation (SDE) model describing the transmission of the CHIKV, incorporating seasonal variations, immunization efforts, and environmental fluctuations modeled through Poisson random measure noise under demographic heterogeneity. The model guarantees the existence of a global positive solution and demonstrates periodic dynamics… More >

Seong-Su Yoon, Dong-Hyuk Shin, Ieck-Chae Euom^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 2683-2706, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071577 - 26 November 2025

Abstract With the continuous expansion of digital infrastructures, malicious behaviors in host systems have become increasingly sophisticated, often spanning multiple processes and employing obfuscation techniques to evade detection. Audit logs, such as Sysmon, offer valuable insights; however, existing approaches typically flatten event sequences or rely on generic graph models, thereby discarding the natural parent-child process hierarchy that is critical for analyzing multiprocess attacks. This paper proposes a structure-aware threat detection framework that transforms audit logs into a unified two-dimensional (2D) spatio-temporal representation, where process hierarchy is modeled as the spatial axis and event chronology as the More >

José Velázquez, Dolores Ojados, Adrián Semitiel, Francisco Cavas^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 1821-1837, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071131 - 26 November 2025

Abstract This research establishes a methodological framework for generating geometrically accurate 3D representations of human crystalline lenses through scanning technologies and digital reconstruction. Multiple scanning systems were evaluated to identify optimal approaches for point cloud processing and subsequent development of parameterized solid models, facilitating comprehensive morpho-geometric characterization. Experimental work was performed at the 3D Scanning Laboratory of SEDIC (Industrial Design and Scientific Calculation Service) at the Technical University of Cartagena, employing five distinct scanner types based on structured light, laser, and infrared technologies. Test specimens—including preliminary calibration using a lentil and biological analysis of a human… More >

Ehan Sohn¹, Sangmyung Lee¹, Sunggon Kim¹, Kiwook Sohn¹, Manish Kumar², Yongseok Son^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 2761-2785, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.070888 - 26 November 2025

Abstract With the accelerated growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), real-time data processing on edge devices is increasingly important for reducing overhead and enhancing security by keeping sensitive data local. Since these devices often handle personal information under limited resources, cryptographic algorithms must be executed efficiently. Their computational characteristics strongly affect system performance, making it necessary to analyze resource impact and predict usage under diverse configurations. In this paper, we analyze the phase-level resource usage of AES variants, ChaCha20, ECC, and RSA on an edge device and develop a prediction model. We apply these algorithms… More >