Mi Rim Kim^1,#, Jason Lau^1,#, Michele Maffezzoli^2,#,*, Giuseppe Luigi Banna¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078000 - 16 June 2026

Abstract Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising strategy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but early-generation drugs were limited by suboptimal target selection, heterogeneous drug–antibody ratios, and linker instability, resulting in modest efficacy and relevant toxicities. We performed a narrative review based on a literature search of PubMed and major oncology congresses up to October 2025, with the aim to critically analyzing the evolving biomarker landscape and engineering strategies shaping next-generation ADC development in NSCLC. Emerging approaches to identify targets for ADCs and refine patient selection include digital pathology with artificial intelligence technologies, transcriptomic and proteomic… More >

Hyungkeun Cha¹, Yong Seok Lee², Gui Young Kwon³, Boran Kim⁴, Yeonsook Moon⁵, Lucia Kim⁶, Hae-Seong Nam^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077514 - 21 May 2026

Abstract Objective: Studies on the comprehensive utility of complete blood count-derived inflammatory biomarkers (CBC-IBs) as biomarkers in pembrolizumab-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of a panel of CBC-IBs as potential predictive biomarkers and assess whether integrating the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression could overcome the limitations of PD-L1 as a standalone predictive biomarker. Methods: Our real-world preliminary study was conducted on a cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC. Patients who had undergone PD-L1 immunohistochemistry testing at the time of diagnosis, and had… More >

Paolo Maione^1,*, Valentina Palma^1,2, Cesare Gridelli¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.072992 - 23 March 2026

Abstract After about 20 years of exciting improvements in treatment efficacy outcomes of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), also combined with a progressively better safety profile, from chemotherapy to new generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (osimertinib, alectinib, brigatinib), the recent MARIPOSA and CROWN trials have changed this trend. For the first time in the history of EGFR and ALK treatments, we must face the issue of being a step behind in terms of toxicity profile. The combination of amivantamab plus lazertinib in EGFR mutant NSCLC, and… More >

Shuhui Cheng¹, Tiana Kordbacheh¹, Antonia Banyard², Anshuman Chaturvedi³, Diego Sanchez Martinez², Crispin T. Hiley^4,5, Maggie Harris³, Clara Chan³, Corinne Faivre-Finn³, Timothy M. Illidge^1,3,#, Eleanor J. Cheadle^1,#,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.072053 - 24 February 2026

Abstract Objectives: The PACIFIC trial established the benefit of durvalumab following chemo-radiotherapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the concurrent use of radiotherapy (RT) and durvalumab (PACIFIC-2 trial) showed no additional advantage. The PD-RAD study was set up to understand the immunological effects of RT on the tumor microenvironment (TME) to aid in optimizing sequencing of combination therapies. Methods: The PD-RAD trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03258788) aimed to enroll thirty NSCLC patients receiving radical-intent RT. Tumor biopsies and blood samples were collected pre-RT and at week 2 during RT and analyzed using multiplex… More >

Sha Hu^1,2,#, Wenjing Wang^1,#, Qianfang Hu^3,#, Rujuan Zheng^1,2, Qinghe Huang^1,2, Hui Shi^1,2, Xinyuan Ding^3,*, Wenjuan Wang^1,2,*, Zengyan Zhu^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.068967 - 19 January 2026

Abstract Objectives: Acquired resistance to paclitaxel represents a critical barrier to the effective chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms promoting paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC and to explore potential strategies for overcoming this resistance. Methods: Here, we report an integrated pharmacological and analytical approach to quantify paclitaxel disposition and overcome resistance in a A549/TAX cell model (paclitaxel-resistant A549 cells). Results: Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation, and apoptosis assays confirmed that A549/TAX cells exhibited marked resistance to paclitaxel relative to parental A549 cells. Based on… More >

Eleni Kokkotou^*, Andriani Charpidou, Nikolaos Syrigos

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.10, pp. 2657-2672, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066228 - 26 September 2025

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs) serve an essential role in tumor angiogenesis and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer. This review explores the significance of serum VEGF levels as a predictive biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The VEGF family, consisting of VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, and placenta growth factor (PlGF), engages with specific receptors, including tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3) and neuropilin receptors (NRP-1 and NRP-2), to promote angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. VEGF-A, the primary component of the VEGF family, binds to VEGFR-2 to stimulate… More >

Xi Qin^1,#, Yulan Liu^1,#, Lin Zhu², Yunyan Mo¹, Jing Zhang³, Zhuchun Jiang⁴, Dongning Huang⁵, Xinrong Hu⁶, Jingzhang Li⁷, Quanfang Chen⁸, Feng Xue^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.9, pp. 2451-2462, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.064119 - 28 August 2025

Abstract Background: The use of third-generation different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is considered the most effective option for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, there is limited information on the efficacy and safety of aumolertinib in patients remains these cases. Methods: The clinical records of patients receiving aumolertinib as first-line therapy across four hospitals in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from April 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, using progression-free survival (PFS) as the primary endpoint and overall survival (OS) representing the secondary endpoint. Adverse events… More >

KHANH TOAN NGUYEN^*, THI HUONG PHAM, VAN LAM NGO, VAN TUAN BUI, VAN NHAT NGUYEN, THI PHUONG THAO NGUYEN, THI KHANH HA NGUYEN, THI THUY VAN NGUYEN

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1667-1677, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.061905 - 26 June 2025

Abstract Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Methods: A retrospective study on advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with TKIs as a first-line therapy at Nghe An Oncology Hospital, Vietnam between January 2017 and August 2023. The primary endpoints included objective response rate, progression-free survival, and tolerability. The secondary endpoint was overall survival. Results: A total of 211 patients received first-line treatment with Erlotinib (n = 74), Gefitinib (n… More >

YUZHENG LI^1,2, LILI YU¹, SHIYAO ZHOU¹, HUA ZHOU^2,3,*, QIBIAO WU^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1363-1376, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.059311 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves complex alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. This study aims to integrate multimodal omics analyses to evaluate and enhance EGFR-targeted therapies. Methods: We reviewed and synthesized omics data—including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics data—related to the EGFR pathway in NSCLC, examined the clinical outcomes of current therapies and proposed new treatment strategies. Results: Integrated omics analyses revealed the multifaceted role of EGFR in NSCLC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed gene expression alterations due to EGFR mutations, with upregulation of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors. Proteomics More >

Hongjuan Guo¹, Dan Liu^1,2, Ruyu Yan^1,2, Tianjing Zhang³, Kecheng Zhou^1,2,*, Minxia Liu^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 483-502, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062143 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Objectives: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a formidable malignancy characterized by its marked metastatic potential and intrinsic resistance to therapeutic interventions. The identification of potential biomarkers delineating the progression and metastatic cascade of NSCLC assumes paramount importance in fostering advancements toward enhanced patient outcomes and prognostic stratification. Methods: The expression level of the actin-related protein 2/3 complex; subunit 1A (ARPC1A) in NSCLC was evaluated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases; along with the LinkedOmics database for co-expression genes. Further verification of ARPC1A expression in normal lung cells… More >