KHANH TOAN NGUYEN^*, THI HUONG PHAM, VAN LAM NGO, VAN TUAN BUI, VAN NHAT NGUYEN, THI PHUONG THAO NGUYEN, THI KHANH HA NGUYEN, THI THUY VAN NGUYEN

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1667-1677, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.061905 - 26 June 2025

Abstract Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Methods: A retrospective study on advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with TKIs as a first-line therapy at Nghe An Oncology Hospital, Vietnam between January 2017 and August 2023. The primary endpoints included objective response rate, progression-free survival, and tolerability. The secondary endpoint was overall survival. Results: A total of 211 patients received first-line treatment with Erlotinib (n = 74), Gefitinib (n… More >

MOHAMMAD AMIN ELAHI NAJAFI^1,2,#, TAKUO MATSUKAWA^1,2,#, HIROSHI MIYAMOTO^1,2,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1255-1270, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.062142 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Sex hormones, including androgens and estrogens, are known to have widespread physiological actions beyond the reproductive system via binding to their cognitive receptors, members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that function as ligand-inducible transcription factors. Meanwhile, a growing body of evidence has indicated the involvement of androgen receptor, as well as estrogen receptors such as estrogen receptor-α and estrogen receptor-β, in the pathogenesis and growth of various types of malignancies, including urothelial cancer. Additionally, in bladder cancer, the activity of sex hormone receptors has been implicated in modulating sensitivity to conventional non-surgical therapy. These may More >

YUZHENG LI^1,2, LILI YU¹, SHIYAO ZHOU¹, HUA ZHOU^2,3,*, QIBIAO WU^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1363-1376, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.059311 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves complex alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. This study aims to integrate multimodal omics analyses to evaluate and enhance EGFR-targeted therapies. Methods: We reviewed and synthesized omics data—including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics data—related to the EGFR pathway in NSCLC, examined the clinical outcomes of current therapies and proposed new treatment strategies. Results: Integrated omics analyses revealed the multifaceted role of EGFR in NSCLC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed gene expression alterations due to EGFR mutations, with upregulation of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors. Proteomics More >

Iman Ezzat, Marisa Zallocchi^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.5, pp. 789-811, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062325 - 27 May 2025

Abstract Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate bidirectional interactions between the intracellular cytoskeletal array and the extracellular matrix. These interactions are critical in tissue development and function by regulating gene expression and sustaining tissue architecture. In humans, the integrin family is composed of 18 alpha (α) and 8 beta (β) subunits, constituting 24 distinct αβ combinations. Based on their structure and ligand-binding properties, only a subset of integrins, 8 out of 24, recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) tripeptide motif in the native ligand. One of the major RGD binding integrins is integrin alpha 8 beta 1 More >

YU QIU^1,#, RUIHAN LIU^2,#, SHANSHAN HUANG¹, QIAOTING CAI¹, YI XIE¹, ZHITING HE¹, WEIGE TAN^2,*, XINHUA XIE^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1135-1147, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.062767 - 18 April 2025

Abstract Objectives: Deubiquitinase OTUB2 plays a critical role in the progression of various tumors. However, its specific role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the biological function of OTUB2 in TNBC and uncover the underlying mechanisms. Methods: First, we found that the expression of OTUB2 was upregulated in TNBC by bioinformatics analysis, we then validated its expression in TNBC tissues and cells using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and qPCR and plotted the survival curves by Kaplan-Meier method. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that OTUB2 may be involved in tumor proliferation and metastasis.… More > Graphic Abstract

MOEKA NAKASHIMA, NAOKO SUGA, AKARI FUKUMOTO, SAYURI YOSHIKAWA, SATORU MATSUDA^*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1007-1017, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.059657 - 18 April 2025

Abstract Malignant tumors are heterogeneous diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and/or recurrence of their malignancies. In particular, cancer stem cells (CSCs) within these tumors might be responsible for the property of invasiveness and/or therapies-resistance. CSCs are a self-renewing, awfully tumorigenic subpopulation of cancer cells, which are notorious for strong chemoresistance and are frequently responsible the aggravated invasion, metastasis, and/or recurrence. Developing targeting therapies against CSCs, therefore, may be deliberated a more encouraging mission for the greater cancer therapy. Innovation for a more potent anti-CSC treatment has been required as soon as possible.… More > Graphic Abstract

LUIZ FERNANDO LOPES SILVA^1,#, JULIETE NATHALI SCHOLL^1,#, AUGUSTO FERREIRA WEBER¹, CAMILA KEHL DIAS¹, PAULINE RAFAELA PIZZATO², VINíCIUS PIERDONá LIMA¹, JEAN SÉVIGNY^3,4, ANA MARIA OLIVEIRA BATTASTINI¹, FABRÍCIO FIGUEIRÓ^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 951-964, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055508 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Objectives: Glioblastoma (GB) is a grade IV glial tumor characterized by high malignancy and dismal prognosis, primarily due to high recurrence rates and therapeutic resistance. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), regulates signaling pathways, including cell growth, proliferation, survival, migration, and cell death. Many cancers utilize immune checkpoints (ICs) to attenuate immune responses. CD73 is an enzyme that functions as an IC by hydrolyzing AMP to adenosine, suppressing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, the role of CD73 in resistance to EGFR inhibitors is poorly understood. This study aims… More >

JIYUN PANG^1,2,#, WEIGANG XIU^1,#, YUEYUN CHEN⁴, WENJING LIAO^1,2, QIN ZHANG^3,*, HUASHAN SHI^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 895-904, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.053363 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often accompanied by brain metastasis (BM), and the prognosis of patients with BM is poor. This study assesses the prognostic impact of BM in NSCLC patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 692 advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) at West China Hospital from 2015 to 2019. The overall survival rate (OS), progression-free survival rate (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and clinical parameters of the BM and non-BM groups were compared. Univariable and multivariable… More >

Jianuo Huang^1,2, Bohan Lai², Weiye Qiu³, Caixu Xu⁴, Jie He^1,5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.3, pp. 4841-4862, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.059733 - 06 March 2025

Abstract The self-attention mechanism of Transformers, which captures long-range contextual information, has demonstrated significant potential in image segmentation. However, their ability to learn local, contextual relationships between pixels requires further improvement. Previous methods face challenges in efficiently managing multi-scale features of different granularities from the encoder backbone, leaving room for improvement in their global representation and feature extraction capabilities. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Decoder with Multi-Head Feature Receptors (DMHFR), which receives multi-scale features from the encoder backbone and organizes them into three feature groups with different granularities: coarse, fine-grained, and full set.… More >

Long Qi¹, Chaoran Wu¹, Hao Sun^1,2,*, Hong Liao^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.2, pp. 167-180, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059159 - 28 February 2025

Abstract Glutamate is an essential excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, playing a vital role in regulating synaptic activity and maintaining the homeostasis of the cerebral environment but also serves as a central hub for neuronal injury and inflammatory responses. In various pathological conditions, such as ischemic stroke, glutamate is released and accumulates excessively in the brain, leading to heightened stimulation of neurons and excitotoxicity. This phenomenon positions glutamate as a primary inducing factor for neuronal damage following cerebral ischemia. Glutamate exerts its effects primarily through two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, both of… More >