HUAFANG HUANG^1,2,#, GUILIN WANG^3,#, DONGYUN ZENG^4,5, LUZ ANGELA TORRES-DE LA ROCHE², RUI ZHUO^1,2, RUDY LEON DE WILDE², WANWAN WANG⁶, ULF D. KAHLERT^7,*, WENJIE SHI^7,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 631-640, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054642 - 28 February 2025

Abstract Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) significantly enhances clinical outcomes in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, chemoresistance frequently results in treatment failure. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms underlying resistance and accurately predicting this phenomenon are crucial for improving treatment efficacy. Methods: Ultrasound images from 62 patients, taken before and after neoadjuvant therapy, were collected. Mitochondrial-related genes were extracted from a public database. Ultrasound features associated with NAC resistance were identified and correlated with significant mitochondrial-related genes. Subsequently, a prognostic model was developed and evaluated using the GSE58812 dataset. We also assessed this model alongside clinical factors… More >

RAZIEH MOMEN-MESGIN¹, JAFAR REZAIE^2,*, VAHID NEJATI¹, PEYMAN NAJAFI MOGHADAM³

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 665-674, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054487 - 28 February 2025

Abstract Objectives: Due to systematic side effects, there is a growing interest in nanoparticle formulation of anticancer drugs. Here, we aimed to synthesize poly (styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) cross-linked by melamine (PSMA/Me) and coated with magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) PSMA/Me/Fe₃O₄. In addition, we aimed to load paclitaxel (PTX) into PSMA/Me/Fe₃O₄ for drug delivery and anticancer investigations. Methods: Novel PSMA/Me was synthesized via free radical copolymerization, coated with Fe₃O₄, and then used as a transporter for PTX delivery. Fabricated copolymer was characterized using SEM, TGA, and XRD techniques. Drug release rate and loading efficiency were investigated. Human ovarian cancer cells (Skov-3) and… More >

SHUANG CHEN^1,2,#, XUEMEI DENG^2,#, XINGTING HE², KEWEI XIANG², GUIHONG CHEN², HONGRU YANG^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 687-694, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052133 - 28 February 2025

Abstract Background: Previous experiments have demonstrated that hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT), low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT), and combined anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (αPD-1) can enhance the abscopal effect. Combined with the phenomenon of low prognosis in patients with breast cancer lung metastasis, our study establishes a mouse model and changes the irradiation regimen of LDRT to explore its preventive effect on breast cancer lung metastasis. Methods: The breast cancer subcutaneous graft tumor model was developed. Two-lung prophylactic LDRT was performed prior to the onset of lung metastases, in combination with HFRT (8 Gy, 3f), and αPD-1… More >

LI SUN^1,#, SHICHAO ZHUO^2,#, XIAOXIN LI², HUSHENG KONG³, WEIWEI DU³, CHONG ZHOU⁴, JUNXING HUANG^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 641-651, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050057 - 28 February 2025

Abstract Background: Cisplatin (DDP) has been used in the treatment of various human cancers. However, DDP alone lacks efficacy in treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and its clinical application is often hampered by side effects. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is one of the active components extracted from Astragalus membranaceus and has gained attention for its various biological properties. This research is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of APS and DDP on TNBC and explore the potential mechanisms. Methods: The efficacy and mechanisms of single or combined treatment were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, Annexin… More >

EDMUND CHEUNG SO^1,2,#, LOUIS W. C. CHOW^3,#, CHIN-MIN CHUANG⁴, CING YU CHEN^5,6, CHENG-HSUN WU⁷, LIAN-RU SHIAO⁸, TING-TSZ OU⁹, KAR-LOK WONG¹⁰, YUK-MAN LEUNG^8,*, YI-PING HUANG^8,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 397-406, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052743 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Objectives: Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uniporter (MCU) provides a Ca²⁺ influx pathway from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix and a moderate mitochondrial Ca²⁺ rise stimulates ATP production and cell growth. MCU is highly expressed in various cancer cells including breast cancer cells, thereby increasing the capacity of mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake, ATP production, and cancer cell proliferation. The objective of this study was to examine MCU inhibition as an anti-cancer mechanism. Methods: The effects of MCU-i4, a newly developed MCU inhibitor, on cell viability, apoptosis, cytosolic Ca²⁺, mitochondrial Ca²⁺ and potential, glycolytic rate, generation of ATP, and reactive oxygen species,… More >

YAN LU^1,2,#, KANG WANG^3,#, YUANHONG PENG^3,4, MENG CHEN⁵, LIN ZHONG^3,4, LUJI HUANG^3,4, FU CHENG^3,4, XINDAN SHENG^4,6, XIN YANG^4,6, MANZHAO OUYANG^3,4, GEORGE A. CALIN^5,*, ZHIWEI HE^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 103-121, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.057472 - 20 December 2024

Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors, but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule, but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear. Methods: We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. MicroRNAs were selected using the… More >

XIANG LI^1,#, WENKE JIN^2,#, LIFENG WU², HUAN WANG¹, XIN XIE¹, WEI HUANG^1,*, BO LIU^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 67-81, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055921 - 20 December 2024

Abstract Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2, presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies. Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors. In contrast to targeting protein activity, intervention with protein-protein interaction (PPI) can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways. Methods: Here, we employed Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI… More >

S. Ramacharan^1,*, Martin Margala¹, Amjan Shaik², Prasun Chakrabarti³, Tulika Chakrabarti⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.3, pp. 3731-3760, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.058488 - 19 December 2024

Abstract Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, with early detection being crucial for effective treatment and improved survival rates. This study introduces HERA-Net (Hybrid Extraction and Recognition Architecture), an advanced hybrid model designed to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer detection by leveraging both thermographic and ultrasound imaging modalities. The HERA-Net model integrates powerful deep learning architectures, including VGG19, U-Net, GRU (Gated Recurrent Units), and ResNet-50, to capture multi-dimensional features that support robust image segmentation, feature extraction, and temporal analysis. For thermographic imaging, a comprehensive dataset of 3534 infrared (IR) images from the… More >

Avi Deb Raha¹, Fatema Jannat Dihan², Mrityunjoy Gain¹, Saydul Akbar Murad³, Apurba Adhikary², Md. Bipul Hossain², Md. Mehedi Hassan¹, Taher Al-Shehari⁴, Nasser A. Alsadhan⁵, Mohammed Kadrie⁴, Anupam Kumar Bairagi^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.3, pp. 4033-4048, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.057415 - 19 December 2024

Abstract Breast cancer stands as one of the world’s most perilous and formidable diseases, having recently surpassed lung cancer as the most prevalent cancer type. This disease arises when cells in the breast undergo unregulated proliferation, resulting in the formation of a tumor that has the capacity to invade surrounding tissues. It is not confined to a specific gender; both men and women can be diagnosed with breast cancer, although it is more frequently observed in women. Early detection is pivotal in mitigating its mortality rate. The key to curbing its mortality lies in early detection.… More >

Amjad Rehman¹, Muhammad Mujahid¹, Robertas Damasevicius^2,*, Faten S Alamri³, Tanzila Saba¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.141, No.3, pp. 2375-2397, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.056937 - 31 October 2024

Abstract This study aims to develop a computational pathology approach that can properly detect and distinguish histology nuclei. This is crucial for histopathological image analysis, as it involves segmenting cell nuclei. However, challenges exist, such as determining the boundary region of normal and deformed nuclei and identifying small, irregular nuclei structures. Deep learning approaches are currently dominant in digital pathology for nucleus recognition and classification, but their complex features limit their practical use in clinical settings. The existing studies have limited accuracy, significant processing costs, and a lack of resilience and generalizability across diverse datasets. We… More >