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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    High-Secured Image LSB Steganography Using AVL-Tree with Random RGB Channel Substitution

    Murad Njoum1,2,*, Rossilawati Sulaiman1, Zarina Shukur1, Faizan Qamar1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.1, pp. 183-211, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050090 - 15 October 2024

    Abstract Random pixel selection is one of the image steganography methods that has achieved significant success in enhancing the robustness of hidden data. This property makes it difficult for steganalysts’ powerful data extraction tools to detect the hidden data and ensures high-quality stego image generation. However, using a seed key to generate non-repeated sequential numbers takes a long time because it requires specific mathematical equations. In addition, these numbers may cluster in certain ranges. The hidden data in these clustered pixels will reduce the image quality, which steganalysis tools can detect. Therefore, this paper proposes a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental and numerical investigations on bending behavior of fixed open-web steel beams

    Zhong’an Zheng1, Xiang Xia2, Wei Ji3, Jichao Ye3, Jianyong Wu3, He Lin1

    Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería, Vol.40, No.2, pp. 1-6, 2024, DOI:10.23967/j.rimni.2024.05.007 - 29 May 2024

    Abstract The effects of opening parameters on the bending behavior of fixed open-web steel beams under static loading were experimentally investigated using six specimens of different opening length-to-height ratios, area ratios, and distributions. The experimentally obtained failure modes, bearing capacities, and load-displacement curves of the specimens were compared with those extracted from numerical simulations performed via Abaqus finite element analysis software. The results revealed the following: (i) The typical failure mode of the fixed open-web steel beams was plastic failure at the opening corners in the shear-bending sections, with compressive corners experiencing flexion and tensile corners More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Improved Image Steganography Security and Capacity Using Ant Colony Algorithm Optimization

    Zinah Khalid Jasim Jasim*, Sefer Kurnaz*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.3, pp. 4643-4662, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.055195 - 12 September 2024

    Abstract This advanced paper presents a new approach to improving image steganography using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. Image steganography, a technique of embedding hidden information in digital photographs, should ideally achieve the dual purposes of maximum data hiding and maintenance of the integrity of the cover media so that it is least suspect. The contemporary methods of steganography are at best a compromise between these two. In this paper, we present our approach, entitled Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-Least Significant Bit (LSB), which attempts to optimize the capacity in steganographic embedding. The approach makes use… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Two-Stage Planning of Distributed Power Supply and Energy Storage Capacity Considering Hierarchical Partition Control of Distribution Network with Source-Load-Storage

    Junhui Li1, Yuqing Zhang1, Can Chen2, Xiaoxiao Wang2, Yinchi Shao2, Xingxu Zhu1, Cuiping Li1,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.9, pp. 2389-2408, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.050239 - 19 August 2024

    Abstract Aiming at the consumption problems caused by the high proportion of renewable energy being connected to the distribution network, it also aims to improve the power supply reliability of the power system and reduce the operating costs of the power system. This paper proposes a two-stage planning method for distributed generation and energy storage systems that considers the hierarchical partitioning of source-storage-load. Firstly, an electrical distance structural index that comprehensively considers active power output and reactive power output is proposed to divide the distributed generation voltage regulation domain and determine the access location and number… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Evaluation of Multi-Temporal-Spatial Scale Adjustment Capability and Cluster Optimization Operation Method for Distribution Networks with Distributed Photovoltaics

    Jiaxin Qiao1, Yuchen Hao2, Yingqi Liao3, Fang Liang3, Jing Bian1,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.9, pp. 2655-2680, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.049509 - 19 August 2024

    Abstract The massive integration of high-proportioned distributed photovoltaics into distribution networks poses significant challenges to the flexible regulation capabilities of distribution stations. To accurately assess the flexible regulation capabilities of distribution stations, a multi-temporal and spatial scale regulation capability assessment technique is proposed for distribution station areas with distributed photovoltaics, considering different geographical locations, coverage areas, and response capabilities. Firstly, the multi-temporal scale regulation characteristics and response capabilities of different regulation resources in distribution station areas are analyzed, and a resource regulation capability model is established to quantify the adjustable range of different regulation resources. On… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Adaptive Resource Allocation Algorithm for 5G Vehicular Cloud Communication

    Huanhuan Li1,2,*, Hongchang Wei2, Zheliang Chen2, Yue Xu3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.2, pp. 2199-2219, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.052155 - 15 August 2024

    Abstract The current resource allocation in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication faces several challenges, such as low user utilization, unbalanced resource allocation, and extended adaptive allocation time. We propose an adaptive allocation algorithm for mobile cloud communication resources in 5G vehicular networks to address these issues. This study analyzes the components of the 5G vehicular network architecture to determine the performance of different components. It is ascertained that the communication modes in 5G vehicular networks for mobile cloud communication include in-band and out-of-band modes. Furthermore, this study analyzes the single-hop and multi-hop modes in… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Randomization Strategies in Image Steganography Techniques: A Review

    AFM Zainul Abadin1,2,*, Rossilawati Sulaiman1, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.80, No.2, pp. 3139-3171, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050834 - 15 August 2024

    Abstract Image steganography is one of the prominent technologies in data hiding standards. Steganographic system performance mostly depends on the embedding strategy. Its goal is to embed strictly confidential information into images without causing perceptible changes in the original image. The randomization strategies in data embedding techniques may utilize random domains, pixels, or region-of-interest for concealing secrets into a cover image, preventing information from being discovered by an attacker. The implementation of an appropriate embedding technique can achieve a fair balance between embedding capability and stego image imperceptibility, but it is challenging. A systematic approach is More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental Exclusion of Guanaco Grazing Increases Cover, Diversity, Land Function and Plant Recruitment in Patagonia

    Carla Cepeda1,*, Gabriel Oliva1,2, Daniela Ferrante1,2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.7, pp. 1383-1401, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.052534 - 30 July 2024

    Abstract Semiarid Patagonia represents 25% of the rangeland area in Argentina, and sheep overgrazing has degraded about a third of it in the past. In this century, depleted domestic stocks have mostly stabilized, but Guanaco populations have grown. These native camelids share habitat and diets with sheep, but their effect on vegetation is poorly understood and has long been debated. We set up an exclusion experiment in Monte León and Cañadón Vaca, a semiarid shrubland grassland in southern Patagonia, currently grazed only by guanacos. Vegetation baselines were studied in 2016 in twelve plots, and half of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation of the Effect of the Force Arm on the Bending Capability of Prestressed Glulam Beam

    Yan Zhao1,*, Yuanyuan Wu2, Shengliang He3, Zhenglu Gao1, Ziyan Huang1, Chenzheng Lv4

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 641-661, 2024, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2024.049601 - 19 July 2024

    Abstract Prestress enables the Glulam beam could make full use of the compression strength, and then increase the span, but it still could not reduce all drawbacks, such as cross-section weakening and small force arm. To avoid slotting and ensure suitable tension and compression couple, one kind of novel anchor has been proposed, which could meet the bearing capacity requirement. And then the bending test of prestressed Glulam beams with a geometric scale ratio of 1: 2 was simulated, to investigate the effect of the force arm on bending capacities, failure modes, and deformation performance. Results More > Graphic Abstract

    Investigation of the Effect of the Force Arm on the Bending Capability of Prestressed Glulam Beam

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Production Capacity Prediction Method of Shale Oil Based on Machine Learning Combination Model

    Qin Qian1, Mingjing Lu1,2,*, Anhai Zhong1, Feng Yang1, Wenjun He1, Min Li1

    Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.8, pp. 2167-2190, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.049430 - 19 July 2024

    Abstract The production capacity of shale oil reservoirs after hydraulic fracturing is influenced by a complex interplay involving geological characteristics, engineering quality, and well conditions. These relationships, nonlinear in nature, pose challenges for accurate description through physical models. While field data provides insights into real-world effects, its limited volume and quality restrict its utility. Complementing this, numerical simulation models offer effective support. To harness the strengths of both data-driven and model-driven approaches, this study established a shale oil production capacity prediction model based on a machine learning combination model. Leveraging fracturing development data from 236 wells… More >

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