Kim Sao Nguyen, Ngoc Dung Bui^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.1, pp. 1-16, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069355 - 10 November 2025

Abstract Reversible data hiding (RDH) enables secret data embedding while preserving complete cover image recovery, making it crucial for applications requiring image integrity. The pixel value ordering (PVO) technique used in multi-stego images provides good image quality but often results in low embedding capability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a high-capacity RDH scheme based on PVO that generates three stego images from a single cover image. The cover image is partitioned into non-overlapping blocks with pixels sorted in ascending order. Four secret bits are embedded into each block’s maximum pixel value, while three additional More >

Adel A.Abou El-Ela¹, Ragab A. El-Sehiemy^2,3,4,*, Abdallah Nazih¹, Asmaa A. Mubarak⁵, Eman S. Ali¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.2, pp. 1349-1388, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069507 - 26 November 2025

Abstract Distribution systems face significant challenges in maintaining power quality issues and maximizing renewable energy hosting capacity due to the increased level of photovoltaic (PV) systems integration associated with varying loading and climate conditions. This paper provides a comprehensive overview on the exit strategies to enhance distribution system operation, with a focus on harmonic mitigation, voltage regulation, power factor correction, and optimization techniques. The impact of passive and active filters, custom power devices such as dynamic voltage restorers (DVRs) and static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs), and grid modernization technologies on power quality is examined. Additionally, this paper… More >

Omojola Awogbemi^1,*, Daramy Vandi Von Kallon¹, Ramesh C. Ray²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.11, pp. 2191-2233, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0112 - 24 November 2025

Abstract Increased human and industrial activities have exacerbated the release of toxic materials and acute environmental pollution in recent times. Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced from biomass, is gaining momentum as a versatile material for attaining a sustainable environment. The study reviews the application of functionalized biochar for energy storage, environmental remediation, catalysis, and sustainable agriculture, aiming to achieve a greener future. The deployment of crop residues as a renewable feedstock for biochar, and their properties, compositions, modification, and functionalization techniques are also discussed. Additionally, the avenues for applying functionalized biochar to achieve a greener future,… More > Graphic Abstract

Deepti Rekha Sahoo, Trinath Biswal^*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.3, pp. 811-835, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.067022 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The purpose of this research work is to determine the removal efficiency of Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ ions using polyvinyl alcohol/neem leaf extract/chitosan (PVA/NLE/CS) composite films as adsorbent materials from an aqueous medium, with respect to pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The synthesized composite material was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis-Derivative Thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The antibacterial activity and swelling response of the material were studied using suitable methodologies. The FTIR study confirmed the interactions among PVA, chitosan, and… More >

Fan Chen^*, Tianhui Zhang, Man Wang, Zhiheng Zhuang, Qiang Zhang, Zihan Ma

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4099-4120, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.069346 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The configuration of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) plays a pivotal role in mitigating wind power fluctuations and enabling primary frequency regulation, thereby enhancing the active power support capability of wind power integration systems. However, most existing studies on HESS capacity configuration overlook the self-recovery control of the state of charge (SOC), creating challenges in sustaining capacity during long-term operation. This omission can impair frequency regulation performance, increase capacity requirements, and shorten battery lifespan. To address these challenges, this study proposes a bi-level planning–operation capacity configuration model that explicitly incorporates SOC self-recovery control. In… More >

Haifeng Zhu^1,*, Zhenyu Chen^1,*, Teng Lu¹, Xiaoqin Zhi²

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1303-1321, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.065830 - 29 August 2025

Abstract To meet the demand for miniaturized, compact, high-reliability, and long-life cryocoolers in small satellite platforms, the development of a linear Stirling cryocooler has been undertaken. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation software was used to conduct simulation analyses, verifying the impact of porous media channel layout, eccentricity, viscous resistance coefficient of the porous media, and piston position on the designed aerostatic bearing piston employing self-supplied gas bearing technology. The calculation results indicate that both the aerostatic force and leakage increase synchronously with eccentricity, while the two designed gas lift channel layouts are capable of providing… More >

Chuan Yuan¹, Chang Liu^2,3, Shijun Chen¹, Weiting Xu^2,3, Jing Gou¹, Ke Xu^2,3, Zhengbo Li^4,*, Youbo Liu⁴

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.9, pp. 3573-3593, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067785 - 26 August 2025

Abstract The increasing penetration of second-life battery energy storage systems (SLBESS) in power grids presents substantial challenges to system operation and control due to the heterogeneous characteristics and uncertain degradation patterns of repurposed batteries. This paper presents a novel model-free adaptive voltage control-embedded dung beetle-inspired heuristic optimization algorithm for optimal SLBESS capacity configuration and power dispatch. To simultaneously address the computational complexity and ensure system stability, this paper develops a comprehensive bilevel optimization framework. At the upper level, a dung beetle optimization algorithm determines the optimal SLBESS capacity configuration by minimizing total lifecycle costs while incorporating… More >

Jianwei Sun, Shuqing Guo^*, Shikai Li

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.9, pp. 3625-3646, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067159 - 26 August 2025

Abstract Since lithium-ion batteries have been put into use, the recession of work cycle efficiency at low temperatures has received widespread attention. In this paper, we investigated the effect of low temperature (−5°C, 0°C, 5°C) environments on the performance of lithium-ion batteries, which are well-known for their excellent discharge performance, cycle life, and safety. However, lithium-ion batteries exhibit significant capacity degradation at low temperatures, especially at 0°C, losing availability after only 10 cycles. Therefore, we conducted cycle degradation tests at 1C discharge and 100% charge-discharge conditions. In this paper, we analyzed the surface morphology, structure, and More > Graphic Abstract

Aisyah Zakiya Darajat¹, Imam Wahyudi^1,*, Narto², Adik Bahanawan², Sarah Augustina^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.8, pp. 1661-1681, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02024-0081 - 22 August 2025

Abstract Adsorbents with three-dimensional porous structures have gained widespread attention due to their unique characteristics, including a large surface area, high porosity, and excellent absorption capacity. One of the products is the wood sponge. The key to successfully producing wood sponges lies in an optimal multistage delignification process, which is particularly influenced by wood species, solvent, time, and temperature. The aim of this research was to analyze the characteristics of wood sponge derived from sengon wood (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) after multistage delignification. The process involved delignification using NaOH and Na₂SO₃ solutions at 100°C for 8, 9 and 10… More > Graphic Abstract

Jinge Li^1,2, Chuyao Wang^1,2, Fangbo Cao^1,2, Min Huang^1,2,*, Jiana Chen^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.7, pp. 2155-2165, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.066940 - 31 July 2025

Abstract Grain filling is a critical determinant of yield and quality in rice. This study aims to clarify the association between grain photosynthesis and the filling rate of rice varieties with different grain weights, providing a theoretical foundation for optimizing grain-filling processes. Two rice varieties with similar growth duration but different grain weights were selected: a large-grain variety, Lingliangyou 268 (L268), and a small-grain variety, Ruiliangyou 1053 (R1053). Differences in grain filling, grain photosynthetic rate, and grain chlorophyll content were systematically examined during the filling stage. Results showed significant differences in grain-filling, grain photosynthetic rate, and… More >