Zheda Zhao, Tao Xu, Tong Yang, Yunpeng Wu^*, Fengxiang Guo^*

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.6, pp. 1457-1472, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.069611 - 17 November 2025

Abstract Utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography to timely detect and evaluate potential safety hazards (PSHs) around high-speed rail has great potential to complement and reform the existing manual inspections by providing better overhead views and mitigating safety issues. However, UAV inspections based on manual interpretation, which heavily rely on the experience, attention, and judgment of human inspectors, still inevitably suffer from subjectivity and inaccuracy. To address this issue, this study proposes a lightweight hybrid learning algorithm named HDTA (hybrid dual tasks architecture) to automatically and efficiently detect the PSHs of UAV imagery. First, this HDTA… More >

Hsiao-Chun Han¹, Der-Chen Huang^1,*, Chin-Ling Chen^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 67-126, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.070944 - 30 October 2025

Abstract This study presents a systematic review of applications of artificial intelligence (abbreviated as AI) and blockchain in supply chain provenance traceability and legal forensics cover five sectors: integrated circuits (abbreviated as ICs), pharmaceuticals, electric vehicles (abbreviated as EVs), drones (abbreviated as UAVs), and robotics—in response to rising trade tensions and geopolitical conflicts, which have heightened concerns over product origin fraud and information security. While previous literature often focuses on single-industry contexts or isolated technologies, this review comprehensively surveys these sectors and categorizes 116 peer-reviewed studies by application domain, technical architecture, and functional objective. Special attention More >

Jian Peng¹, Hui He², Dengyong Zhang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 5047-5061, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066368 - 30 July 2025

Abstract Object detection plays a critical role in drone imagery analysis, especially in remote sensing applications where accurate and efficient detection of small objects is essential. Despite significant advancements in drone imagery detection, most models still struggle with small object detection due to challenges such as object size, complex backgrounds. To address these issues, we propose a robust detection model based on You Only Look Once (YOLO) that balances accuracy and efficiency. The model mainly contains several major innovation: feature selection pyramid network, Inner-Shape Intersection over Union (ISIoU) loss function and small object detection head. To… More >

Yu-Shiuan Tsai^*, Yuk-Hang Sit

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3065-3090, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.064783 - 30 June 2025

Abstract To improve small object detection and trajectory estimation from an aerial moving perspective, we propose the Aerial View Attention-PRB (AVA-PRB) model. AVA-PRB integrates two attention mechanisms—Coordinate Attention (CA) and the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM)—to enhance detection accuracy. Additionally, Shape-IoU is employed as the loss function to refine localization precision. Our model further incorporates an adaptive feature fusion mechanism, which optimizes multi-scale object representation, ensuring robust tracking in complex aerial environments. We evaluate the performance of AVA-PRB on two benchmark datasets: Aerial Person Detection and VisDrone2019-Det. The model achieves 60.9% mAP@0.5 on the Aerial Person… More >

Murat Yavuz Koparal¹, Burak Elmas^2,*, Serhat Gurocak¹, Cihat Aytekin¹, Mustafa Ozgur Tan¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 199-207, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.063616 - 27 June 2025

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting treatment success in children that got either pyeloplasty or J stent placement in ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). Patients and Methods: The study comprised 126 patients who either J stent placement or pyeloplasty performed by the same physician for UPJO from 2012 to 2022. The criteria for surgical intervention adhered to the European Association of Urology (EAU) recommendations. Symptomatic patients with verified obstruction, with a split renal function (SRF) over 40%, low-grade hydronephrosis (Society of Fetal Urology grade 2), and an obstructive segment measuring less… More >

Mohammad Barr^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.1, pp. 593-616, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.062264 - 11 April 2025

Abstract Recent years have seen a surge in interest in object detection on remote sensing images for applications such as surveillance and management. However, challenges like small object detection, scale variation, and the presence of closely packed objects in these images hinder accurate detection. Additionally, the motion blur effect further complicates the identification of such objects. To address these issues, we propose enhanced YOLOv9 with a transformer head (YOLOv9-TH). The model introduces an additional prediction head for detecting objects of varying sizes and swaps the original prediction heads for transformer heads to leverage self-attention mechanisms. We… More >

Yawar Abbas¹, Aisha Ahmed Alarfaj², Ebtisam Abdullah Alabdulqader³, Asaad Algarni⁴, Ahmad Jalal^1,5, Hui Liu^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.3, pp. 4759-4776, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.059224 - 06 March 2025

Abstract Human Activity Recognition (HAR) in drone-captured videos has become popular because of the interest in various fields such as video surveillance, sports analysis, and human-robot interaction. However, recognizing actions from such videos poses the following challenges: variations of human motion, the complexity of backdrops, motion blurs, occlusions, and restricted camera angles. This research presents a human activity recognition system to address these challenges by working with drones’ red-green-blue (RGB) videos. The first step in the proposed system involves partitioning videos into frames and then using bilateral filtering to improve the quality of object foregrounds while… More >

Liang Mao^1,2, Yue Li^1,2, Linlin Wang^1,*, Jie Li¹, Jiajun Tan¹, Yang Meng¹, Cheng Xiong¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.82, No.2, pp. 1985-1999, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.058409 - 17 February 2025

Abstract This paper introduces an advanced and efficient method for distributed drone-based fruit recognition and localization, tailored to satisfy the precision and security requirements of autonomous agricultural operations. Our method incorporates depth information to ensure precise localization and utilizes a streamlined detection network centered on the RepVGG module. This module replaces the traditional C2f module, enhancing detection performance while maintaining speed. To bolster the detection of small, distant fruits in complex settings, we integrate Selective Kernel Attention (SKAttention) and a specialized small-target detection layer. This adaptation allows the system to manage difficult conditions, such as variable… More >

Ibrahim Akinjobi Aromoye¹, Hai Hiung Lo¹, Patrick Sebastian¹, Ghulam E Mustafa Abro^2,*, Shehu Lukman Ayinla^1,3

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.142, No.2, pp. 1155-1197, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.058598 - 27 January 2025

Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) technology is rapidly advancing, offering innovative solutions for various industries, including the critical task of oil and gas pipeline surveillance. However, the limited flight time of conventional UAVs presents a significant challenge to comprehensive and continuous monitoring, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of pipeline infrastructure. This review paper evaluates methods for extending UAV flight endurance, focusing on their potential application in pipeline inspection. Through an extensive literature review, this study identifies the latest advancements in UAV technology, evaluates their effectiveness, and highlights the existing gaps in achieving prolonged flight… More > Graphic Abstract

Yong Beom Park, Jian Kim, BeomKyu Suh, Ismatov Akobir, Ki-Il Kim^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.3, pp. 4727-4742, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.058512 - 19 December 2024

Abstract Content delivery networks (CDNs) lead to fast content distribution through content caching at specific CDN servers near end users. However, existing CDNs based on infrastructure cannot be employed in special cases, such as military operations. Thus, a temporary CDN without an existing infrastructure is required. To achieve this goal, we introduce a new CDN for drone-aided ad hoc networks, whereby multiple drones form ad hoc networks and quickly store specific content according to new caching algorithms. Unlike the typical CDN server, the content-caching algorithm in the proposed architecture considers the limited storage capacity of the… More >