Ishaani Priyadarshini^1,*, Pinaki Ranjan Mohanty², Chase Cotton¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 3229-3247, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015250

Abstract Technological advancement has contributed immensely to human life and society. Technologies like industrial robots, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are advancing at a rapid pace. While the evolution of Artificial Intelligence has contributed significantly to the development of personal assistants, automated drones, smart home devices, etc., it has also raised questions about the much-anticipated point in the future where machines may develop intelligence that may be equal to or greater than humans, a term that is popularly known as Technological Singularity. Although technological singularity promises great benefits, past research works on Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems going rogue highlight the downside… More >

Hesham F. Alharby¹, Mirza Hasanuzzaman^2,*, Hassan S. Al-Zahrani¹, Khalid Rehman Hakeem¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 373-388, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013657

Abstract The mechanism of selenium (Se)-induced salt tolerance was studied in moderately sensitive soybean (Glycine max L.) plants. To execute this view, soybean plants were imposed with salt stress (EC 6 dS m⁻¹ ) applying NaCl. In other treatments, Se (0, 25, 50 and 75 µM Na₂SeO₄) was sprayed as co-application with that level of salt stress. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, SPAD value decreased noticeably under salt stress. Altered proline (Pro) level, together with decreased leaf relative water content (RWC) was observed in salt-affected plants. Salt stress resulted in brutal oxidative damage and increased the content of H₂O₂, MDA… More >

Weidong Lei¹, Hai Zhou^1,*, Hongjun Li², Rui Chen¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.126, No.2, pp. 577-597, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.011857

Abstract In order to simulate the propagation process of subway vibration of parallel tunnels in semi-infinite rocks or soils, time domain boundary element method (TD-BEM) formulation for analyzing the dynamic response of twin-parallel circular tunnels in an elastic semi-infinite medium is developed in this paper. The time domain boundary integral equations of displacement and stress for the elastodynamic problem are presented based on Betti’s reciprocal work theorem, ignoring contributions from initial conditions and body forces. In the process of establishing time domain boundary integral equations, some virtual boundaries are constructed between finite boundaries and the free boundary to form a boundary… More >

Meiling Tang^1,2,#, Yuhe Li^1,3,#, Yahui Chen^1,4, Lei Han^1,3, Hongxia Zhang^1,3, Zhizhong Song^1,3,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 925-941, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011184

Abstract As the preferred nitrogen (N) source, ammonium (NH₄⁺ ) contributes to plant growth and development and fruit quality. In plants, NH₄⁺ uptake is facilitated by a family of NH₄⁺ transporters (AMT). However, the molecular mechanisms and functional characteristics of the AMT genes in peach have not been mentioned yet. In this present study, excess NH₄⁺ stress severely hindered shoot growth and root elongation, accompanied with reduced mineral accumulation, decreased leaf chlorophyll concentration, and stunned photosynthetic performance. In addition, we identified 14 putative AMT genes in peach (PpeAMT). Expression analysis showed that PpeAMT genes were differently expressed in peach leaves, stems… More >

Dazhuang Qi^1,2,4,#, Meixia Liang^1,2,4,#, Fudong Jiang³, Jianzhao Li^1,2,4, Xuqiang Qiao^1,2,4,*, Hongxia Zhang^1,2,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.4, pp. 943-955, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013801

Abstract Manganese (Mn) is one of the essential microelements in all organisms. However, high level of Mn is deleterious to plants. In this study, the effects of exogenous manganese application on mineral element, polyamine (PA) and antioxidant accumulation, as well as polyamine metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities, were investigated in Malus robusta Rehd., a widely grown apple rootstock. High level of Mn treatments decreased endogenous Mg, Na, K and Ca contents, but increased Zn content, in a Mn-concentration-dependent manner. Polyamine metabolic assays revealed that, except the content of perchloric acid insoluble bound (PIS-bound) spermine, which increased significantly, the contents of putrescine… More >

Fabio Bruzzone, Cristiana Delprete, Carlo Rosso^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.1, pp. 51-64, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011023

Abstract This paper is focused on finite element simulation of cylinder head gaskets. Finite element codes support several methodologies, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses. One of the key points lies in the influence of the gasket geometry on its final behaviour. Such a contribution can come from the detailed modelling of the gasket or by defining a global non-linear behaviour in which material and geometry non-linearities are summarised. Two approaches were used to simulate the gasket behaviour. The first one consists in using a 2D approach, which allows to model through-thickness non-linear behaviour of gasket. The second… More >

Hamid Ghasemi¹, Harold S. Park², Xiaoying Zhuang^{3, 4, *}, Timon Rabczuk^{5, 6}

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.2, pp. 1157-1179, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.08358

Abstract Flexoelectricity is a general electromechanical phenomenon where the electric polarization exhibits a linear dependency to the gradient of mechanical strain and vice versa. The truncated pyramid compression test is among the most common setups to estimate the flexoelectric effect. We present a three-dimensional isogeometric formulation of flexoelectricity with its MATLAB implementation for a truncated pyramid setup. Besides educational purposes, this paper presents a precise computational model to illustrate how the localization of strain gradients around pyramidal boundary shapes contributes in generation of electrical energy. The MATLAB code is supposed to help learners in the Isogeometric Analysis and Finite Elements Methods… More >

Yong Liang¹, Yuexing Chen², Dong Liu¹, Jianping Cheng³, Gang Zhao¹, Tzion Fahima⁴, Jun Yan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 423-435, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09339

Abstract Mineral nutrient malnutrition, especially deficiency in selenium (Se), affects the health of approximately 1 billion people worldwide. Wheat, a staple food crop, plays an important role in producing Se-enriched foodstuffs to increase the Se intake of humans. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different Se application methods on grain yield and nutritional quality, grain Se absorption and accumulation, as well as 14 other trace elements concentrations in wheat grains. A sand culture experiment was conducted via a completely randomized 3 × 2 × 1 factorial scheme (three Se levels × two methods of Se application, foliar or soil… More >

Bustingorri C, K Balestrasse, RS Lavado

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 407-416, 2015, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2015.84.407

Abstract Arsenic (As) and Fluoride (F) are present in many soils, affecting crops and posing risks in the food chain. We performed pot experiments on spiked soils enriched in these elements either individually or simultaneously, over a wide range of concentrations. Soybean biomass production, grain yield, As and F accumulation and distribution within the plant, and the antioxidant response to these stresses were analyzed. Arsenic was more toxic than F. At As levels >35 mg/kg and F levels >375 mg/kg, yield loss reached 60% and 30%, respectively. At the highest dose of As plants died within 2 weeks, whereas F showed… More >

Wei TX¹, XJ Zhang^1,2, JZ Zhu¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 213-223, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.213

Abstract In order to examine the nutrient content, and the distribution and accumulation patterns of individual nutrients in the natural secondary forests (NSFs), sample NSF plots were selected in the Caijiachuan watershed on the Loess Plateau. On the basis of a comprehensive field inventory to the NSFs in Caijiachuan watershed, a 40 m × 40 m sample plot was selected as the representative plot. Each tree plant was then measured to select the standard tree in accordance with a diameter-scale. For measurement of the biomass in the above-ground part of the tree, it was divided into parts and measured. The study… More >