Jinyu Guo^*, Xingxu Zhu, Zezhong Liu, Cuiping Li

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 3961-3983, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067811 - 30 September 2025

Abstract In high-renewable-energy power systems, the demand for fast-responding capabilities is growing. To address the limitations of conventional closed-loop frequency control, where the integral coefficient cannot dynamically adjust the frequency regulation command based on the state of charge (SoC) of energy storage units, this paper proposes a secondary frequency regulation control strategy based on variable integral coefficients for multiple energy storage units. First, a power-uniform controller is designed to ensure that thermal power units gradually take on more regulation power during the frequency regulation process. Next, a control framework based on variable integral coefficients is proposed… More >

Jingying Zou^1,#, Wenzhou Liu^1,#, Yaoxuan Han², Chenxi Wang³, Chao Dong⁴, Youbo Jia^5,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4081-4097, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067544 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The ocean, as one of Earth’s largest natural resources, covers over 70% of the planet’s surface and holds vast water energy potential. Building on this context, this study designs a hybrid generator (WWR-TENG) that integrates a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and an electromagnetic generator (EMG). TENG is a new technology that can capture mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy, and is particularly suitable for common natural or man-made power sources such as human movement, wind power, and water flow. EMG is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through… More >

Weibing Xu¹, Bo Yao^2,*, Xiangjun Quan³, Xunyou Zhang¹, Ning Zou², Shuo Liu², Jia Wang⁴, Jiansuo Zhang⁴

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4225-4243, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.066738 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The integration of large-scale new energy and high-capacity DC transmission leads to a reduction in system inertia. Grid-forming renewable energy sources (GF-RES) has a significant improvement effect on system inertia. Commutation failure faults may cause a short-term reactive power surplus at the sending end and trigger transient overvoltage, threatening the safe and stable operation of the power grid. However, there is a lack of research on the calculation method of transient overvoltage caused by commutation failure in high-voltage DC transmission systems with grid-forming renewable energy sources integration. Based on the existing equivalent model of high-voltage… More >

Sheng Bi^1,2,*, Jiayan Wang¹, Dong Su¹, Hui Lu¹, Yu Zhang¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4135-4151, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.066735 - 30 September 2025

Abstract By comparing price plans offered by several retail energy firms, end users with smart meters and controllers may optimize their energy use cost portfolios, due to the growth of deregulated retail power markets. To help smart grid end-users decrease power payment and usage unhappiness, this article suggests a decision system based on reinforcement learning to aid with electricity price plan selection. An enhanced state-based Markov decision process (MDP) without transition probabilities simulates the decision issue. A Kernel approximate-integrated batch Q-learning approach is used to tackle the given issue. Several adjustments to the sampling and data… More >

Khairul Eahsun Fahim¹, Liyanage C. De Silva², Sk. A. Shezan^3,*, Md Ashraful Islam⁴, Md Shakib Hassan⁵, Hayati Yassin^1,*, Naveed Ahmad⁶

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 3985-3997, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.066484 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Around the world, there has been a notable shift toward the use of renewable energy technology due to the growing demand for energy and the ongoing depletion of conventional resources, such as fossil fuels. Following this worldwide trend, Brunei’s government has initiated several strategic programs aimed at encouraging the establishment of energy from renewable sources in the nation’s energy mix. These initiatives are designed not only to support environmental sustainability but also to make energy from renewable sources increasingly competitive in comparison to more conventional energy sources like gas and oil, which have historically dominated… More >

Ali Abdulshaheed^1,*, Faizal Mustapha¹, Mohd Anuar²

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.9, pp. 2289-2304, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.066983 - 30 September 2025

Abstract A pump operating as a turbine (PAT) is a type of hydraulic machine capable of functioning both as a pump and as a turbine by reversing the flow direction. The pump-as-turbine (PAT) approach presents an effective method of hydropower generation, particularly suitable for addressing the increasing global energy demands in rural and remote areas. In addition to its adaptability, PAT-based micro-hydropower systems typically incur lower operating costs than conventional hydrodynamic turbines, despite requiring higher initial investment. Recent research has focused on integrating PATs into pipe distribution systems to harness untapped hydraulic energy. This study presents… More >

Bassel Weiss¹, Segundo Esteban^2,*, Matilde Santos³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 3387-3418, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.070070 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Anomaly detection in wind turbines involves emphasizing its ability to improve operational efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, extend their lifespan, and enhance reliability in the wind energy sector. This is particularly necessary in offshore wind, currently one of the most critical assets for achieving sustainable energy generation goals, due to the harsh marine environment and the difficulty of maintenance tasks. To address this problem, this work proposes a data-driven methodology for detecting power generation anomalies in offshore wind turbines, using normalized and linearized operational data. The proposed framework transforms heterogeneous wind speed and power measurements into… More > Graphic Abstract

Ramadan Abdul-Rashid¹, Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman^1,*, Abdulaziz Yagoub Barnawi²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 3213-3250, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.066589 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Accurate time synchronization is fundamental to the correct and efficient operation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), especially in security-critical, time-sensitive applications. However, most existing protocols degrade substantially under malicious interference. We introduce iSTSP, an Intelligent and Secure Time Synchronization Protocol that implements a four-stage defense pipeline to ensure robust, precise synchronization even in hostile environments: (1) trust preprocessing that filters node participation using behavioral trust scoring; (2) anomaly isolation employing a lightweight autoencoder to detect and excise malicious nodes in real time; (3) reliability-weighted consensus that prioritizes high-trust nodes during time aggregation; and (4) convergence-optimized synchronization… More >

Ziming Hu¹, Jingfa Li^1,*, Chaoyang Fan¹, Jiale Xiao¹, Huijie Huang², Bo Yu¹, Baocheng Shi¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.010823

Abstract Hydrogen production from offshore wind power is an effective means to address the challenges of wind power grid integration and has emerged as a focal point in the development and research of offshore wind energy in recent years. However, the current state of hydrogen storage and transportation technologies for offshore applications lacks comprehensive economic analysis. This study aims to provide a thorough economic evaluation of these technologies by considering both fixed investment costs and operational and maintenance costs. A levelized cost model is employed to analyze four offshore hydrogen storage and transportation schemes: gas hydrogen… More >

Shige Wang¹, Yalong Liang², Lian Huang³, Pei Li^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 2729-2748, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.068351 - 23 September 2025

Abstract This study introduces a hybrid Cuckoo Search-Deep Neural Network (CS-DNN) model for uncertainty quantification and composition optimization of Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃ (NBT)-based dielectric energy storage ceramics. Addressing the limitations of traditional ferroelectric materials—such as hysteresis loss and low breakdown strength under high electric fields—we fabricate (1 − x)NBBT8-xBMT solid solutions via chemical modification and systematically investigate their temperature stability and composition-dependent energy storage performance through XRD, SEM, and electrical characterization. The key innovation lies in integrating the CS metaheuristic algorithm with a DNN, overcoming local minima in training and establishing a robust composition-property prediction framework. Our model accurately… More >