Mugang Lin^1,2,*, Fangju Liu³, Huihuang Zhao^1,2, Jianzhen Chen^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.1, pp. 197-214, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09502

Abstract Given a connected undirected graph G whose edges are labeled, the minimum labeling spanning tree (MLST) problem is to find a spanning tree of G with the smallest number of different labels. The MLST is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, which is widely applied in communication networks, multimodal transportation networks, and data compression. Some approximation algorithms and heuristics algorithms have been proposed for the problem. Firey algorithm is a new meta-heuristic algorithm. Because of its simplicity and easy implementation, it has been successfully applied in various fields. However, the basic firefly algorithm for the MLST problem is proposed in this… More >

Zhou Feng, Xue Weilian^*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 275-286, 2018, DOI:10.32604/csse.2018.33.275

Abstract The fireworks algorithm features a small number of parameters, remarkable optimization ability, and resistance to a local optimum. Based on the graph coloring model, the fireworks algorithm is introduced for the first time to solve the spectrum allocation problem for cognitive radio networks, thus maximizing utility and fairness of spectrum allocation. Two-layer binary coding is adopted for individual fireworks. The first layer refers to the coding of cognitive users used to determine channels that can be connected with the user. The second layer refers to the auxiliary coding of channels responsible for addressing mutual interference among multiple cognitive users when… More >

Nawaf N. Hamadneh¹, Waqar A. Khan², Ilyas Khan^{3, *}

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.2, pp. 1015-1032, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011476

Abstract One of the most significant considerations in the design of a heat sink is thermal management due to increasing thermal flux and miniature in size. These heat sinks utilize plate or pin fins depending upon the required heat dissipation rate. They are designed to optimize overall performance. Elliptical pin fin heat sinks enhance heat transfer rates and reduce the pumping power. In this study, the Firefly Algorithm is implemented to optimize heat sinks with elliptical pin-fins. The pin-fins are arranged in an inline fashion. The natureinspired metaheuristic algorithm performs powerfully and efficiently in solving numerical global optimization problems. Based on… More >

Hong Choon Ong^a, Surafel Luleseged Tilahun^b, Wai Soon Lee^a, Jean Meadard T. Ngnotchouye^b

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.24, No.2, pp. 359-366, 2018, DOI:10.1080/10798587.2017.1294811

Abstract Metaheuristic algorithms are found to be promising for difficult and high dimensional problems. Most of these algorithms are inspired by different natural phenomena. Currently, there are hundreds of these metaheuristic algorithms introduced and used. The introduction of new algorithm has been one of the issues researchers focused in the past fifteen years. However, there is a critic that some of the new algorithms are not in fact new in terms of their search behavior. Hence, a comparative study in between existing algorithms to highlight their differences and similarity needs to be studied. Apart from knowing the similarity and difference in… More >

V. Manikandan^{1, *}, M. Sivaram¹, Amin Salih Mohammed², V. Porkodi³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.2, pp. 753-776, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010267

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) comprises low power devices that are randomly distributed in a geographically isolated region. The energy consumption of nodes is an essential factor to be considered. Therefore, an improved energy management technique is designed in this investigation to reduce its consumption and to enhance the network’s lifetime. This can be attained by balancing energy clusters using a meta-heuristic Firefly algorithm model for network communication. This improved technique is based on the cluster head selection technique with measurement of the tour length of fireflies. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) scheduler is also improved with the characteristics/behavior of fireflies… More >

Haiyang Zhou^1,2, Xiaoyu Wang³, Xiaolong Hao^1,2, Qingwen Wang^1,2,*, Rongxian Ou^1,2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.5, pp. 485-498, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.010263

Abstract The mechanical properties of wood flour/high-density polyethylene composites (WPC) were improved by adding a small amount of nano-SiO₂ to obtain a network-structured WPC with a continuous honeycomb-like nano-SiO₂ network. The wood flour was modified with a fire retardant (a mixture of sodium octabonate and amidine urea phosphate) to improve its fire retardancy. The flexural properties, creep resistance, thermal expansion, and fire retardancy of the WPC were compared to a control (WPC_CTRL) without nano-SiO₂ or fire retardant. The flexural strength and modulus of the WPC containing only 0.55 wt.% nano-SiO₂ were 6.6% and 9.1% higher than the control, respectively, while the… More >

Lei Zhang¹, Haiyan Wang^1,*, Junpeng Zhang¹, Zhi Wang², Zuohui Xu¹, Xinyu Gao¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.3, pp. 219-237, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09096

Abstract The effects of the number of layers, the arrangement of carbon fiber (CF) tow and the epoxy resin (ER) matrix on the fire performance of carbon fiber/epoxy composites (CFEC) were studied by a variety of experimental methods. The results show that the number of layers of CF tow has influence on the combustion characteristics and fire propagation of the composites. The arrangement of CF tow has influence on flame propagation rate and high temperature mechanicalproperties. The mechanism of the influence of the number of layers of CF tow on the composite is mainly due to the different thermal capacity of… More >

Fangming Bi^{1, 2}, Xuanyi Fu^{1, 2}, Wei Chen^{1, 2, 3, *}, Weidong Fang⁴, Xuzhi Miao^{1, 2}, Biruk Assefa^{1, 5}

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.62, No.1, pp. 199-216, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.06258

Abstract Aiming at the defects of the traditional fire detection methods, which are caused by false positives and false negatives in large space buildings, a fire identification detection method based on video images is proposed. The algorithm first uses the hybrid Gaussian background modeling method and the RGB color model to perform fire prejudgment on the video image, which can eliminate most non-fire interferences. Secondly, the traditional regional growth algorithm is improved and the fire image segmentation effect is effectively improved. Then, based on the segmented image, the dynamic and static features of the fire flame are further analyzed and extracted… More >

Kröpfl AI¹, VA Deregibus², GA Cecchi³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 390-396, 2015, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2015.84.390

Abstract We developed a functional model for a shrub steppe vegetation of the eastern Monte Phytogeographical Province in Río Negro (Argentina) with six stable states and 12 transitions, based on the woody encroachment degree, characteristics of the herbaceous layer and the soil surface, and biological crust cover. Information was obtained from letters of naturalists and travelers along the region since the late eighteenth century, reports of old settlers, and our own research work. On the Monte, different functional groups can be distinguished. Our work focused on the three most conspicuous to analyze the dynamics of the system: shrubs, grasses and biological… More >

Gul B¹, M Islam², S Ahmad³, S Gul¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 415-421, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.415

Abstract The effect of fire on growth and nutritive value of Saccharum griffithii Munro ex Boiss-ravennae (Linn.) Murr. hybrid, a low palatable perennial grass in the semi-arid region of the highlands of Balochistan, Pakistan, was evaluated during 2008 and 2009. Prescribed fire treatments were applied in February 2008 and 2009 at the dormant stage of vegetation. Different growth parameters (tiller height, tiller number/plant), forage production (fresh, dry) and nutritive value (crude protein, ash) were compared with control (unburnt) plots. Fire increased the number of tillers, and the fresh and dry forage production in both years. Fire also improved the crude protein… More >