Jinxing Li¹, Mustafa Zor², Xiaojian Zhou³, Guanben Du³, Denis Rodrigue⁴, Xiaodong (Alice) Wang^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 329-347, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056795 - 20 February 2025

Abstract In this study, two series of foams based on tannic acid (TA), furfuryl alcohol (FA), soybean protein isolate (SPI), and casein (CA), namely TA–FA–SPI (TS series) and TA–FA–CA (TC series) were developed, and their properties were enhanced by adding poplar fibers (WF). From the samples produced, a complete set of characterization was performed including possible crosslinking reactions, morphology, mechanical properties, flame retardancy, thermal insulation and thermal stability. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed possible covalent crosslinking among the components and hydrogen bonding between WF and the matrix. Viscosity results indicated that lower prepolymer viscosity led to… More >

Hebat-Allah S. Tohamy^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.12, pp. 1963-1983, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.054977 - 20 December 2024

Abstract Fire retardant CNTs/WPP/Gel composite papers were fabricated by incorporating bio-based carbon nanotubes (CNTs) recycled from mature beech pinewood sawdust (MB) and cellulosic waste printed paper (WPP) into a gelatin solution (Gel) and allowing the mixture to dry at room temperature. The CNTs within the WPP matrix formed a network, enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting CNTs paper sheet. In comparison to pure WPP/Gel, CNTs/WPP/Gel exhibited superior flexibility, mechanical toughness, and notable flame retardancy characteristics. This study provides a unique and practical method for producing flame-retardant CNTs/WPP/Gel sheets, suitable for diverse industrial applications,… More > Graphic Abstract

Ming Ni¹, Lei Li¹, Yiqiang Wu^1,*, Jianzheng Qiao¹, Yan Qing¹, Ping Li², Yingfeng Zuo^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.8, pp. 1355-1368, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.054050 - 06 September 2024

Abstract Furfurylated wood exhibits excellent dimensional stability and corrosion resistance, making it a promising material for constructing buildings, but it is highly flammable. Herein, flame-retardant furfurylated poplar wood was produced via a two-step process utilizing boric acid (BA) and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) as flame-retardant components, and biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol (FA) as a modifier. The acidity of BA and ADP allowed them to catalyze the polymerization of FA, which formed a cross-linked network that immobilized BA and ADP inside the wood. The addition of BA/ADP substantially delayed the time to ignition from 10 to 385 s More > Graphic Abstract

Liting Jia¹, Xiao Han¹, Cuixia Qiao², Gang Zhao², Yanzhi Xia¹, Zhixin Xue^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 427-441, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.044310 - 11 April 2024

Abstract Ba²⁺ pre-crosslinked carrageenan fiber (Ba/CAF) was prepared by adding a small amount of Ba²⁺ to the carrageenan (CA) solution as the spinning solution. Ba/CAF-n/A, Ba/CAF-n/B and Ba/CAF-n/C were prepared with ethanol solution (combine A), high concentration BaCl₂ solution (combine B) and low concentration BaCl₂ solution (combine C), as coagulation bath and stretch bath, respectively. The combination of coagulation bath and stretch bath suitable for Ba²⁺ pre-crosslinking wet spinning was screened. The results showed that Ba²⁺ can induce the birefringence of the CA molecular chain, and the Ba²⁺ pre-crosslinking effect is the best when the CA mass fraction is 8.0 More > Graphic Abstract

Yongchun Liu^1,*, Ni Qiao², Yanli Yang³, Yanchun Li¹, Chunxiao He¹, Siyang Wang¹, Chengcheng Liu¹, Ruixia Lei¹, Wang Li⁴, Wenwen Gao⁴

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 383-400, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.041928 - 14 December 2023

Abstract A silylated melamine sponge (SMS) was prepared by two simple steps, namely, immersion and dehydration of a melamine sponge coated with methyltrichlorosilane. The silylated structure of SMS was characterized by FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectroscopy, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and in terms of water contact angles. Its oil-water absorption and separation capacities were measured by FT-IR and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The experimental results have shown that oligomeric silanol covalently bonds by Si−N onto the surface of melamine sponge skeletons. SMS has shown superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle exceeding 150° ± 1°, a better separation efficiency with regard to More >

Yongming Chen^1,2,#, Shuai Huang^1,#, Han Zhao¹, Ru Yang², Yining He¹, Tianyu Zhao¹, Yunlong Zhang¹, Qinghong Kong^1,*, Shasha Sun^3,*, Junhao Zhang³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3119-3130, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019576 - 14 July 2022

Abstract To enhance the thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) is successfully introduced into the layered tin phenylphosphonate (SnPP), which is incorporated into EP matrix for preparing EP/β-CD@SnPP composites. The results indicate that the addition of β-CD@SnPP obviously improve the thermal stability and residual yield of EP composites at higher temperature. When the amount of β-CD@SnPP is only 4 wt%, EP/4β-CD@SnPP composites pass V-1 rating, and LOI value is up to 30.8%. Meanwhile, β- CD@SnPP effectively suppress the heat release and reduce the smoke production of EP/β-CD@SnPP composites in combustion, and More >

Ping Zhang, Siyu Gan, Lin Chen^*, Hao Chen, Chunhui Jia, Yingke Fu, Ying Xiong^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.11, pp. 2937-2947, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019590 - 29 June 2022

Abstract Nano filler synergistic intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system is an effective way to improve the flame retardant properties of polymer. In this study, the effects of montmorillonite (MMT) on the flame retardant properties of polylactic acid/layered double hydroxides (PLA/LDH) and PLA/IFR/LDH were investigated. The results show that both LDH and LDH/IFR can reduce the peak heat release rate (HRR) of PLA and prolong the combustion time of PLA; When a proportionate MMT is introduced into PLA/LDH and PLA/IFR/LDH systems, respectively, MMT will not only affect the degradation process of PLA composites during combustion, but also More >

Pengfei Guan¹, Ping Li², Yiqiang Wu¹, Xingong Li¹, Guangming Yuan¹, Yingfeng Zuo^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.9, pp. 2451-2463, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.020459 - 30 May 2022

Abstract To enhance mechanical properties and improve flame retardancy and smoke suppression of fast-growing poplar wood in wood applications, the wood was impregnated and modified. An organic phenolic prepolymer and inorganic sodium silicate was used as contrasting impregnation modifiers and wood samples were impregnated by a bionic “respiration” method with alternating positive and negative pressure. The weight percentage gain, density increase ratio, mechanical properties (bending and compressive strength and hardness), and water absorption rate of inorganic and organic-impregnated modified poplar wood (IIMPW and OIMPW, respectively) were compared and these properties in IIMPW were found to be… More >

Wenwen Guo^1,2,3, Wei Cai³, Dong Wang¹, Junling Wang⁴, Xiefei Zhu^5,*, Bin Fei^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1875-1888, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018823 - 07 March 2022

Abstract Fabrication of flame retardants from renewable biomass has aroused extensive interest over the past decade. This work reported a synthesis of isosorbide-derived polyphosphonate (PICPP) as an anti-flammable agent for poly (lactic acid) (PLA). The presence of PICPP notably declined the storage modulus of PLA/PICPP owing to the declined molecular weight of PLA catalyzed by the presence of PICPP. PLA and PLA/PICPP thermally degraded in one stage under either air or nitrogen atmosphere. With increasing the amount of PICPP, the onset thermal decomposition temperature of PLA/PICPP was decreased gradually, owing to the earlier decomposition of PICPP. More >

Hongliang Ding, Xin Wang^*, Lei Song, Yuan Hu

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 871-895, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018150 - 02 November 2021

Abstract Benzoxazines have attracted wide attention from academics all over the world because of their unique properties. However, most of the production and preparation of benzoxazine resins depends on petroleum resources now, especially bisphenol A-based benzoxazine. Therefore, owing to the environmental impacts, the development of bio-based benzoxazines is gaining more and more interest to substitute petroleum-based benzoxazines. Similar to petroleum-based benzoxazines, most of bio-based benzoxazines suffer from flammability. Thus, it is necessary to endow bio-based benzoxazines with outstanding flame retardancy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest advance in flame retardant bio-based benzoxazines. More > Graphic Abstract