Mohammed Kaddi1,3,*, Khelifa Benahmed2, Mohammed Omari3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.58, No.3, pp. 603-624, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.05341
Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have hardware and software limitations and are deployed in hostile environments. The problem of energy consumption in WSNs has become a very important axis of research. To obtain good performance in terms of the network lifetime, several routing protocols have been proposed in the literature. Hierarchical routing is considered to be the most favorable approach in terms of energy efficiency. It is based on the concept parent-child hierarchy where the child nodes forward their messages to their parent, and then the parent node forwards them, directly or via other parent nodes, to the base station (sink).… More >