Esraa E. Shalan¹, Said S. Soliman¹, Ahmed A. Mahmoud¹, Jameel M. Al-Khayri^2,*, Salha M. ALshamrani³, Fatmah A. Safhi⁴, Areej S. Jalal⁴, Diaa Abd El-Moneim⁵, Abdallah A. Hassanin^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.7, pp. 2183-2196, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.028537

Abstract Determination of the somaclonal variation of in vitro-propagated plants is crucial to determine the appropriate micropropagation protocol and growth regulators for commercial scale multiplication. In this research, nine multiplication media (MM) augmented with different concentrations of 6-benzyl adenine (BA), Kinetin (Kin), and Thidiazuron (TDZ), Three rooting media (RM) supplemented with three levels of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and three types of soil mixtures (v/v); Coco peat/Vermiculite/Sand (CVS), Peat moss/Perlite/Sand (PPS) and Peat moss/Perlite (PP) were used in the micropropagation protocol of daylily plants. MM2 showed the maximum shoot length and the number of leaves, while MM9 showed the maximum number… More >

Jameel M. Al-Khayri^1,*, Salha M. Alshamrani², Adel A. Rezk¹, Wael F. Shehata¹, Mustafa I. Almaghasla³, Tarek A. Shalaby^3,4, Ahmed M. Saad⁵, Fatmah A. Safhi⁶, Muhammad N. Sattar⁷, Arafat A. Abdel Latef⁸, Mahmoud Z. Sitohy⁵, Abdallah A. Hassanin^9,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1493-1512, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027375

Abstract Appropriate knowledge of the parental cultivars is a pre-requisite for a successful breeding program. This study characterized fruit yield, quality attributes, and molecular variations of ten tomato cultivars during three consecutive generations under greenhouse conditions. Peto 86, Castle Rock, and Red Star cultivars showed the highest fruit yield (kg/plant), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and sap acidity. Principal component analysis categorized the evaluated fruit yield into three groups based on their quality attributes. A robust positive correlation appeared among traits inside each group. A positive correlation was likewise noticed between the first and the second groups. However, a negative correlation was… More >

Adel A. Rezk^1,2, Mohamed M. El-Malky³, Hossam S. El-Beltagi^1,4,*, Mohammed Al-daej¹, Kotb A. Attia^5,6

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.3, pp. 725-746, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.024645

Abstract Monogenic lines, which carried 23 genes for blast resistance were tested and used donors to transfer resistance genes by crossing method. The results under blast nursery revealed that 9 genes from 23 genes were susceptible to highly susceptible under the three locations (Sakha, Gemmeza, and Zarzoura in Egypt); Pia, Pik, Pik-p, Piz-t, Pita, Pi b, Pi, Pi 19 and Pi 20. While, the genes Pii, Pik-s, Pik-h, Pi z, Piz-5, Pi sh, Pi 3, Pi 1, Pi 5, Pi 7, Pi 9, Pi 12, Pikm and Pita-2 were highly resistant at the same locations. Clustering analysis confirmed the results, which… More >

Sheila Jazmín Reyes-Zambrano^1,*, Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán¹, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli¹, Víctor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo¹, Arely Anayansi Vargas-Díaz²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1727-1739, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.016171

Abstract Agave americana L. callus were exposed to different concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mM and to different times of exposure (2 and 4 h). The viability and capacity of shoot formation were shown to be affected when the callus were exposed to high concentrations (30–60 mM). Only the callus exposed to 15 mM EMS presented shoot formation; the exposure time of two hours produced the largest quantity of shoots regenerated per callus (21 shoots/callus). In order to generate somaclonal variants resistant to Fusarium oxysporum, a selection pressure was applied through of a culture filtrate… More >

THARANGANI WELEGAMA¹, MOHD Y. RAFII^1,2,*, KHAIRULMAZMI AHMAD^1,3, SHAIRUL I. RAMLEE^1,2, YUSUFF OLADOSU¹

BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.4, pp. 1069-1079, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.014354

Abstract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) belonging to the family Solanaceae is the second most consumed and cultivated vegetable globally. Since the ancient time of its domestication, thousands of cultivated tomato varieties have been developed targeting an array of aspects. Among which breeding for yield and yield-related traits are mostly focused. Cultivated tomato is extremely genetically poor and hence it is a victim for several biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the biotic stresses, the impact of viral diseases is critical all over tomato cultivating areas. Improvement of tomato still largely rely on conventional methods worldwide while molecular approaches, particularly Marker Assisted Selection… More >

YUE CHEN¹, ZHITING TANG², MIAO YU¹, RUI ZHANG^1,*, XINXIN DONG¹, LIANQUN CAO¹

BIOCELL, Vol.44, No.4, pp. 513-524, 2020, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2020.09422

Abstract Preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is becoming the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. However, individual differences in response to treatment range from a complete response to complete resistance. Predicting the tumor response to radiotherapy may improve the efficacy of radiotherapy. This review mainly summarizes recent studies about the molecular biomarkers that can predict the response to radiotherapy in rectal cancer. These studies have indicated that the molecular markers involved in the response to radiotherapy mainly include genes related to radiosensitivity, cancer stem cell-related markers, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene methylation, and other factors including… More >

Riaz Ahmad¹, Muhammad Akbar Anjum^1,*, Safina Naz¹, Rashad Mukhtar Balal²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 17-34, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011680

Abstract Selection and use of molecular markers for evaluation of DNA polymorphism in plants are couple of the most important approaches in the field of molecular genetics. The assessment of genetic diversity using morphological markers is not sufficient due to little differentiating traits among the species, genera or their individuals. Morphological markers are not only highly influenced by environmental factors but skilled assessment is also prerequisite to find the variations in plant genetic resources. Therefore, molecular markers are considered as efficient tools for detailed DNA based characterization of fruit crops. Molecular markers provide new directions to the efforts of plant breeders… More >

MST FARHANA NAZNEEN CHOWDHURY¹, MOHD RAFII YUSOP^1,2,*, SITI IZERA ISMAIL³, SHAIRUL IZAN RAMLEE¹, YUSUFF OLADOSU², MONIR HOSEN², GOUS MIAH⁴

BIOCELL, Vol.44, No.3, pp. 269-278, 2020, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2020.09627

Abstract Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is the popular spicy vegetable crops belonging to family Solanaceae. Chili peppers are known for their pungency characteristic due to the presence of capsaicinoids that classifies them into hot or sweet pepper. Chili is used as spices, folk remedies for diseases, vegetables, and coloring agent showing a diverse role in human’s life. However, its production is hampered by different biotic stress and abiotic factors. Similarly, the unavailability of high yielding varieties, high temperature, and disease incidence, particularly, anthracnose disease, are the major constraints responsible for the low production of chili pepper. The advents of molecular markers,… More >

Riaz Ahmad¹, Muhammad Akbar Anjum^1,*, Rashad Mukhtar Balal²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 183-204, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08537

Abstract Molecular markers, genome sequencing and genome editing are considered as efficient tools to accomplish demands of plant breeders for crop improvement programs. Morphological and biochemical markers have not been extensively used as these are greatly influenced by environmental factors. Different molecular markers and sequencing techniques are routinely used in evaluation of genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship, accurate classification or taxonomy, characterization of germplasm, identification of hybrids and phylogenetic studies. Desired and undesired traits controlled by genes can be identified through different molecular markers technology all over the globe. These molecular markers are well established and have successfully been used for… More >

Ning Xuan¹, Hua Zhang¹, Xu Liu¹, Qiang Guo¹, Jian Liu², Fangyin Yao^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.1, pp. 45-55, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08548

Abstract Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.) caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), and neck blast is the most destructive phase of this illness. The underlying molecular mechanisms of rice blast resistance are not well known. Thus, we collected 150 rice varieties from different ecotypes in China and assessed the rice blast resistances under the natural conditions that favoured disease development in Jining, Shandong Province, China in 2017. Results showed that 92 (61.3%) and 58 (38.7%) rice varieties were resistant and susceptible to M. oryzae, respectively. Among the 150 rice… More >