Adrien Scheuer^{1, 3, *}, Amine Ammar², Emmanuelle Abisset-Chavanne³, Elias Cueto⁴, Francisco Chinesta⁵, Roland Keunings¹, Suresh G. Advani⁶

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.117, No.3, pp. 367-386, 2018, DOI:10.31614/cmes.2018.04278

Abstract Describing the orientation state of the particles is often critical in fibre suspen-sion applications. Macroscopic descriptors, the so-called second-order orientation tensor (or moment) leading the way, are often preferred due to their low computational cost. Clo-sure problems however arise when evolution equations for the moments are derived from the orientation distribution functions and the impact of the chosen closure is often unpre-dictable. In this work, our aim is to provide macroscopic simulations of orientation that are cheap, accurate and closure-free. To this end, we propose an innovative data-based approach to the upscaling of orientation kinematics in the context of fibre… More >

Neha Satak, John E Hurtado

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.19, No.4, pp. 129-130, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.019.129

Abstract Rigid Body Reorientation with Two Impulses: Two-axis and Single-axis Thrust Cases More >

Sheng Sun, Joseph T. Y. Wong, Tong-Yi Zhang

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 45-46, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.017.045

Abstract Lipids in water form different structures (or phases) via self-assembly depending on hydration level of lipid. As the hydration level of lipid increases, the self-assembled structures are micelles, cylinder phase, lamellar phase, and inverted cylinder phase. Lamellar phase or bilayer is the most common structure in cells. Experiments reveal that external electric fields can induce cell membrane poration and fusion, and the technique is widely used to transfer external molecules, such as DNA and drugs, into cells.

By using molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the behaviors of pure phospholipid membrane bilayer in an external electric field, which was applied… More >

Hsuan-Teh Hu, Jun-Ming Chen

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 127-128, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.016.127

Abstract The applications of fiber-composite laminate materials to aerospace industrial such as spacecraft, high-speed aircraft, missile and satellite have increased rapidly in recent years. The most major components of the aerospace structures are frequently made of curved panels and subjected to various kinds of compressive forces. Therefore, knowledge of the dynamic characteristics of composite laminated curved panels in compression, such as their fundamental natural frequency, is essential. The fundamental natural frequency of composite laminated curved panels highly depends on the ply orientation, end conditions, geometries (i.e., aspect ratio and curvature) and compressive force. Therefore, proper selection of appropriate lamination to maximize… More >

Chetan D. Kuthe^∗, R.V. Uddanwadiker^†, Alankar Ramteke^‡

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 113-128, 2014, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2014.011.113

Abstract Biomechanical researches are essential to develop new techniques to improve the clinical relevance. Skeletal muscle generates the force which results in the motion of human body, so it is essential to study the mechanical and structural properties of skeletal muscle. Many researchers have carried out mechanical study of skeletal muscle with in-vivo testing. This work aims to examine anisotropic mechanical behavior of skeletal muscle with in vitro test (tensile test). It is important to understand the mechanical and structural behavior of skeletal muscle when it is subjected to external loading; the research aims to determine the structural properties of skeletal… More >

WJ Richardson^∗, DD van der Voort^∗, E Wilson^†, JE Moore Jr.^∗,‡

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.10, No.3, pp. 245-265, 2013, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2013.010.245

Abstract Non-uniform stress and strain fields are prevalent in many tissues in vivo, and often exacerbated by disease or injury. These mechanical gradients potentially play a role in contributing to pathological conditions, presenting a need for experimental tools to allow investigation of cell behavior within non-uniformly stimulated environments. Herein, we employ two in vitro cell-stretching devices (one previously published; one newly presented) capable of subjecting cells to cyclic, non-uniform stretches upon the surface of either a circular elastomeric membrane or a cylindrical PDMS tube. After 24 hours of cyclic stretch, 10T1/2 cells on both devices showed marked changes in long-axis orientation,… More >

Shaohua Chen^*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 97-106, 2008, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2008.005.097

Abstract Recently, contact mechanics has been widely used to get some understanding of the biological adhesion mechanisms, such as cell-cell adhesion, insects' adhesion and locomotion. JKR theory is usually adopted as a basis, in which the interaction of molecules is considered in contrast to the classical Hertz solution. In this paper, two problems are summarized, which may give some insights to cells or bio-molecules sensitivity to environmental signals: (1) cell reorientation on a stretched substrate; (2) spontaneous detachment between cells or bio-molecules under the variation of environmental signals. The intention here is only to illustrate the possibilities that contact mechanics may… More >

Hai Ngu^*, Lan Lu^*, Sara J. Oswald^*, Sarah Davis^*, Sumona Nag^*, Frank C-P Yin^†

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.5, No.1, pp. 69-82, 2008, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2008.005.069

Abstract Endothelial cells subjected to cyclic stretching change orientation so as to be aligned perpendicular to the direction of applied strain in a magnitude and time-dependent manner. Although this type of response is not the same as motility, it could be governed by motility-related factors such as substratum adhesiveness and actin-myosin contractile level. To examine this possibility, human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were uniaxially, cyclically stretched on silicone rubber membranes coated with various concentrations of fibronectin, collagen type IV and laminin to produce differing amounts of adhesiveness (measured using a radial flow detachment assay). Cells were subjected to 10% pure cyclic… More >

Dalin Tang^*, Chun Yang^†, Tal Geva^‡,§, Pedro J. del Nido^¶

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.4, No.3, pp. 159-176, 2007, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2007.004.159

Abstract A single-layer isotropic patient-specific right/left ventricle and patch (RV/LV/Patch) combination model with fluid-structure interactions (FSI) was introduced in our previous papers to evaluate and optimize human pulmonary valve replacement/insertion (PVR) surgical procedure and patch design. In this paper, an active anisotropic model with two-layer structure for ventricle wall and tissue fiber orientation was introduced to improve previous isotropic model for more accurate assessment of RV function and potential application in PVR surgery and patch design. A material-stiffening approach was used to model active heart contraction. The computational models were used to conduct ``virtual (computational)'' surgeries and test the hypothesis that… More >

Hiroshi Yamada^∗,†, Hirokazu Ando^†

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.4, No.1, pp. 1-12, 2007, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2007.004.001

Abstract We investigated the response of apical and basal actin stress fibers (SFs) and its dependency on cell confluency for endothelial cells subjected to cyclic stretching. Porcine aortic endothelial cells from the 2^nd and 5^th passages were transferred to a fibronectin-coated silicone chamber with 5000–8000 cells/cm²(isolated condition), positioning the cells apart, or with 25,000–27,000 cells/cm²(subconfluent condition), allowing cell-to-cell contact. The substrate was stretched cyclically by 0.5 Hz for 2 h with a peak strain on the substrate that was 15% in the stretch direction and –4% in the transverse direction. The actin filaments (AFs) were stained with rhodamine phalloidin and their… More >