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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characterization of Formacell Lignin Derived from Black Liquor as a Potential Green Additive for Advanced Biocomposites

    Sri Hidayati1,*, Eugenia Fonny Budiyanto1, Hadi Saputra1, Sutopo Hadi1, Apri Heri Iswanto2,3, Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat4, Petar Antov5, Lee Seng Hua6,7, Widya Fatriasari4,8, Mohd. Sapuan Salit9

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.6, pp. 2865-2879, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027579 - 27 April 2023

    Abstract Black liquor is obtained as a by-product of the pulping process, which is used to convert biomass into pulp by removing lignin, hemicelluloses and other extractives from wood to free cellulose fibers. Lignin represents a major constituent in black liquor, with quantities varying from 20% to 30%, of which a very low share is used for manufacturing value-added products, while the rest is mainly burned for energy purposes, thus underestimating its great potential as a raw material. Therefore, it is essential to establish new isolation and extraction methods to increase lignin valorization in the development… More > Graphic Abstract

    Characterization of Formacell Lignin Derived from Black Liquor as a Potential Green Additive for Advanced Biocomposites

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Facile Preparation of Dopamine-Modified Magnetic Zinc Ferrite Immobilized Lipase for Highly Efficient Synthesis of OPO Functional Lipid

    Xue Huang1,*, Zeyu Chen1, Ruizhao Yang1, Guangzhu Feng2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2301-2319, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025888 - 13 February 2023

    Abstract 1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO) has been a hotspot of functional oils research in recent years, but due to the high cost of sn-1,3 specific lipase in enzymatic synthesis and the lack of biocatalyst stability, large-scale industrial application is difficult. In this study, the prepared magnetic ZnFe2O4 was functionalized with dopamine to obtain ZnFe2O4@PDA, and the nano-biocatalyst ZnFe2O4@PDA@RML was prepared by immobilizing sn-1,3 specific lipase of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) via a cross-linking method. The existence of RML on ZnFe2O4@PDA was confirmed by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. This strategy proved to be simple and effective because the lipase immobilized on… More > Graphic Abstract

    Facile Preparation of Dopamine-Modified Magnetic Zinc Ferrite Immobilized Lipase for Highly Efficient Synthesis of OPO Functional Lipid

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improved Siamese Palmprint Authentication Using Pre-Trained VGG16-Palmprint and Element-Wise Absolute Difference

    Mohamed Ezz, Waad Alanazi, Ayman Mohamed Mostafa*, Eslam Hamouda, Murtada K. Elbashir, Meshrif Alruily

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.2, pp. 2299-2317, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.036567 - 09 February 2023

    Abstract Palmprint identification has been conducted over the last two decades in many biometric systems. High-dimensional data with many uncorrelated and duplicated features remains difficult due to several computational complexity issues. This paper presents an interactive authentication approach based on deep learning and feature selection that supports Palmprint authentication. The proposed model has two stages of learning; the first stage is to transfer pre-trained VGG-16 of ImageNet to specific features based on the extraction model. The second stage involves the VGG-16 Palmprint feature extraction in the Siamese network to learn Palmprint similarity. The proposed model achieves More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modeling Date Palm Trunk Fibers (DPTF) Packed Bed Adsorption Performances for Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Wastewater

    Ahmad S. Awad1.*, Banan Hudaib2, Waid Omar2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.6, pp. 1535-1549, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.024300 - 30 January 2023

    Abstract In this study, the potential of a low-cost bio-adsorbent, taken directly from Date Palm Trunk Fibers (DPTF) agricultural wastes, for cadmium ions removal from wastewaters is examined. The performances of this adsorbent are evaluated by building breakthrough curves at different bed heights and flow rates while keeping other parameters, such as the initial feed concentration, pH, and particle size, constant. The results indicate that the maximum cadmium adsorption capacity of DTPF can be obtained from the Thomas model as 51.5 mg/g with the most extended mass transfer zone of 83 min at the lowest flow More > Graphic Abstract

    Modeling Date Palm Trunk Fibers (DPTF) Packed Bed Adsorption Performances for Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Wastewater

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Innovative Hetero-Associative Memory Encoder (HAMTE) for Palmprint Template Protection

    Eslam Hamouda1, Mohamed Ezz1,*, Ayman Mohamed Mostafa1, Murtada K. Elbashir1, Meshrif Alruily1, Mayada Tarek2

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 619-636, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.035830 - 20 January 2023

    Abstract Many types of research focus on utilizing Palmprint recognition in user identification and authentication. The Palmprint is one of biometric authentication (something you are) invariable during a person’s life and needs careful protection during enrollment into different biometric authentication systems. Accuracy and irreversibility are critical requirements for securing the Palmprint template during enrollment and verification. This paper proposes an innovative HAMTE neural network model that contains Hetero-Associative Memory for Palmprint template translation and projection using matrix multiplication and dot product multiplication. A HAMTE-Siamese network is constructed, which accepts two Palmprint templates and predicts whether these… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Novel Multimodal Biometric Feature Extraction for Precise Human Identification

    J. Vasavi1, M. S. Abirami2,*

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.36, No.2, pp. 1349-1363, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.032604 - 05 January 2023

    Abstract In recent years, biometric sensors are applicable for identifying important individual information and accessing the control using various identifiers by including the characteristics like a fingerprint, palm print, iris recognition, and so on. However, the precise identification of human features is still physically challenging in humans during their lifetime resulting in a variance in their appearance or features. In response to these challenges, a novel Multimodal Biometric Feature Extraction (MBFE) model is proposed to extract the features from the noisy sensor data using a modified Ranking-based Deep Convolution Neural Network (RDCNN). The proposed MBFE model… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation and Characterization of Thermoplastic Starch from Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) by Extrusion Method

    Muhammad Ghozali1,2, Yenny Meliana2, Widya Fatriasari3, Petar Antov4, Mochamad Chalid1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 1963-1976, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026060 - 01 December 2022

    Abstract Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) starch is considered an important renewable, biodegradable, and eco-friendly polymer, which is derived from agricultural by-products and residues, with great potential for the development of biocomposite materials. This research was aimed at investigating the development of TPS biocomposites from A. pinnata palm starch using an extrusion process. Palm starch, glycerol, and stearic acid were extruded in a twin-screw extruder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of TPS showed that the starch granules were damaged and gelatinized in the extrusion process. The density of TPS was 1.3695 g/mL, lower than that of palm starch, and… More > Graphic Abstract

    Preparation and Characterization of Thermoplastic Starch from Sugar Palm (<i>Arenga pinnata</i>) by Extrusion Method

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of Lateritic Soil Reinforced with Palm Kernel Shells for Use as a Sub-Base Layer for Low-Traffic Roads

    Joel Koti1,2,*, Crespin P. Yabi3, Mohamed Gibigaye1, Anne Millien2, Christophe Petit2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 1469-1482, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.021902 - 27 May 2022

    Abstract In tropical areas, palm oil production generates significant amounts of waste, including palm kernel shells. The use of this waste in the civil engineering sector, presents a very challenging task. In the present study, the production of lateritic soil (A-2 in GTR classification and A-7-6 (9) in HRB classification) reinforced with palm kernel shells is considered. In order to improve their performances, these materials are mixed using the Fuller’s parabolic law. Moreover, experimental tests are used to characterize the physical and mechanical geotechnical properties of the lateritic soil. After characterizing the matrix (i.e., lateritic soil)… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Towards the Development of Mechanical Systems Entirely Based on Natural Materials

    Fatima Zohra Elhilali, Hicham Fihri-Fassi*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 1285-1292, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.021803 - 27 May 2022

    Abstract In order to mitigate the risks stemming from the utilization of mineral and synthetic organic substances, consensus exists in the literature that additional efforts should be devoted to the identification of adequate equivalent natural (ecological) materials. This work presents the outcomes of a preliminary study where the physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal properties of natural fibers have been considered. Initially, areca, and materials such as Moroccan doum and jute are considered. As a case study, a brake pad based on natural fibers is critically assessed. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Intelligent Sign Language Recognition System for E-Learning Context

    Muhammad Jamil Hussain1, Ahmad Shaoor1, Suliman A. Alsuhibany2, Yazeed Yasin Ghadi3, Tamara al Shloul4, Ahmad Jalal1, Jeongmin Park5,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 5327-5343, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025953 - 21 April 2022

    Abstract In this research work, an efficient sign language recognition tool for e-learning has been proposed with a new type of feature set based on angle and lines. This feature set has the ability to increase the overall performance of machine learning algorithms in an efficient way. The hand gesture recognition based on these features has been implemented for usage in real-time. The feature set used hand landmarks, which were generated using media-pipe (MediaPipe) and open computer vision (openCV) on each frame of the incoming video. The overall algorithm has been tested on two well-known ASL-alphabet More >

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