He Wang¹, Xiangsheng Xu¹, Guanye Shen², Bian Jing^1,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.10, pp. 2251-2272, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.028965

Abstract There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow. In order to tackle these issues, a DC power flow controller (DCPFC) is incorporated into a multi-terminal, flexible DC power grid. In recent years, a multi-port DC power flow controller based on a modular multi-level converter has become a focal point of research due to its simple structure and robust scalability. This work proposes a model predictive control (MPC) strategy for multi-port interline DC power flow controllers in order to improve their steady-state dynamic performance. Initially, the mathematical model of a multi-terminal… More >

Wei Zhang¹, Bin Ji², Ping He¹, Nanqin Wang¹, Yuwei Wang¹, Mengzhe Zhang^2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.9, pp. 2177-2192, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.026504

Abstract Power flow calculation is the basis of power grid planning and many system analysis tasks require convergent power flow conditions. To address the unsolvable power flow problem caused by the reactive power imbalance, a method for adjusting reactive power flow convergence based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed. The deep reinforcement learning method takes switching parallel reactive compensation as the action space and sets the reward value based on the power flow convergence and reactive power adjustment. For the non-convergence power flow, the 500 kV nodes with reactive power compensation devices on the low-voltage side are converted into PV nodes… More >

P. Venkatesh^1,*, N. Visali²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 1001-1012, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.036268

Abstract In the conventional technique, in the evaluation of the severity index, clustering and loading suffer from more iteration leading to more computational delay. Hence this research article identifies, a novel progression for fast predicting the severity of the line and clustering by incorporating machine learning aspects. The polynomial load modelling or ZIP (constant impedances (Z), Constant Current (I) and Constant active power (P)) is developed in the IEEE-14 and Indian 118 bus systems considered for analysis of power system security. The process of finding the severity of the line using a Hybrid Line Stability Ranking Index (HLSRI) is used for… More >

Qun Li, Ningyu Zhang^*, Jianhua Zhou, Xinyao Zhu, Peng Li

Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.6, pp. 1485-1502, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.022856

Abstract The access of unified power flow controllers (UPFC) has changed the structure and operation mode of power grids all across the world, and it has brought severe challenges to the traditional real-time calculation of security correction based on traditional models. Considering the limitation of computational efficiency regarding complex, physical models, a data-driven power system security correction method with UPFC is, in this paper, proposed. Based on the complex mapping relationship between the operation state data and the security correction strategy, a two-stage deep neural network (DNN) learning framework is proposed, which divides the offline training task of security correction into… More >

Noor Zanib¹, Munira Batool¹, Saleem Riaz², Farkhanda Afzal³, Sufian Munawar⁴, Ibtisam Daqqa⁵, Najma Saleem^5,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.134, No.2, pp. 1105-1136, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.021676

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive study that includes the sizing and power flow by series and parallel inverters in a distributed generation system (DGs) that integrates the system of hybrid wind photovoltaic with a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). In addition to supplying active power to the utility grid, the system of hybrid wind photovoltaic functions as a UPQC, compensating reactive power and suppressing the harmonic load currents. Additionally, the load is supplied with harmonic-free, balanced and regulated output voltages. Since PVWind-UPQC is established on a dual compensation scheme, the series inverter works like a sinusoidal current source, while the… More >

Ulagammai Meyyappan^*, S. Joyal Isac

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.35, No.1, pp. 399-413, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.026627

Abstract Demand Response (DR) is one of the most cost-effective and unfailing techniques used by utilities for consumer load shifting. This research paper presents different DR programs in deregulated environments. The description and the classification of DR along with their potential benefits and associated cost components are presented. In addition, most DR measurement indices and their evaluation are also highlighted. Initially, the economic load model incorporated thermal, wind, and energy storage by considering the elasticity market price from its calculated locational marginal pricing (LMP). The various DR programs like direct load control, critical peak pricing, real-time pricing, time of use, and… More >

Emad M. Ahmed^1,*, Mohamed A. Ahmed¹, Ziad M. Ali^2,3, Imran Khan⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 231-254, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.022005

Abstract The operation complexity of the distribution system increases as a large number of distributed generators (DG) and electric vehicles were introduced, resulting in higher demands for fast online reactive power optimization. In a power system, the characteristic selection criteria for power quality disturbance classification are not universal. The classification effect and efficiency needs to be improved, as does the generalization potential. In order to categorize the quality in the power signal disturbance, this paper proposes a multi-layer severe learning computer auto-encoder to optimize the input weights and extract the characteristics of electric power quality disturbances. Then, a multi-label classification algorithm… More >

Z. A. Zaki¹, Emad M. Ahmed^1,*, Ziad M. Ali^2,3, Imran Khan⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3449-3471, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020263

Abstract The effect of energy on the natural environment has become increasingly severe as human consumption of fossil energy has increased. The capacity of the synchronous generators to keep working without losing synchronization when the system is exposed to severe faults such as short circuits is referred to as the power system's transient stability. As the power system's safe and stable operation and mechanism of action become more complicated, higher demands for accurate and rapid power system transient stability analysis are made. Current methods for analyzing transient stability are less accurate because they do not account for misclassification of unstable samples.… More >

Serhat Berat Efe^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.116, No.3, pp. 391-406, 2018, DOI:10.31614/cmes.2018.01784

Abstract Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) components are used to utilize the electrical transmission lines at their optimum capacity. The best way to achieve this optimization is to manage the active and reactive power flows. A unified power flow controller (UPFC) is one of the most significant devices developed for the effective control of power flows. Although conventional UPFC structures can be used to achieve this process, the expansion of power systems has led to the necessity of developing various UPFC devices. This paper focuses on an advanced real time control approach of UPFC for dynamic voltage regulation. The developed… More >