Asma Ibrahim Hussein^1,*, Abeer Tariq MaoLood², Ekhlas Khalaf Gbashi²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.1, pp. 753-769, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.039804

Abstract With the advent of quantum computing, numerous efforts have been made to standardize post-quantum cryptosystems with the intention of (eventually) replacing Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Rivets-Shamir-Adelman (RSA). A modified version of the traditional N-Th Degree Truncated Polynomial Ring (NTRU) cryptosystem called NTRU Prime has been developed to reduce the attack surface. In this paper, the Signcryption scheme was proposed, and it is most efficient than others since it reduces the complexity and runs the time of the code execution, and at the same time, provides a better security degree since it ensures the integrity of the sent message, confidentiality… More >

Faguo Wu^1,2,3,4,*, Bo Zhou², Jie Jiang⁵, Tianyu Lei¹, Jiale Song¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.1, pp. 957-973, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.038771

Abstract With the rapid increase in demand for data trustworthiness and data security, distributed data storage technology represented by blockchain has received unprecedented attention. These technologies have been suggested for various uses because of their remarkable ability to offer decentralization, high autonomy, full process traceability, and tamper resistance. Blockchain enables the exchange of information and value in an untrusted environment. There has been a significant increase in attention to the confidentiality and privacy preservation of blockchain technology. Ensuring data privacy is a critical concern in cryptography, and one of the most important protocols used to achieve this is the secret-sharing method.… More >

Shu-Yu Kuo¹, Kuo-Chun Tseng², Yao-Hsin Chou³, Fan-Hsun Tseng^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.1, pp. 915-932, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032320

Abstract In cryptography, oblivious transfer (OT) is an important multi-party cryptographic primitive and protocol, that is suitable for many upper-layer applications, such as secure computation, remote coin-flipping, electrical contract signing and exchanging secrets simultaneously. However, some no-go theorems have been established, indicating that one-out-of-two quantum oblivious transfer (QOT) protocols with unconditional security are impossible. Fortunately, some one-out-of-two QOT protocols using the concept of Crépeau’s reduction have been demonstrated not to conform to Lo’s no-go theorem, but these protocols require more quantum resources to generate classical keys using all-or-nothing QOT to construct one-out-of-two QOT. This paper proposes a novel and efficient one-out-of-two… More >

Bennian Dou^1,*, Lei Xu¹, Xiaoling Yu², Lin Mei¹, Cong Zuo³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.3, pp. 5219-5231, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.030270

Abstract This paper proposes the first code-based quantum immune sequential aggregate signature (SAS) scheme and proves the security of the proposed scheme in the random oracle model. Aggregate signature (AS) schemes and sequential aggregate signature schemes allow a group of potential signers to sign different messages respectively, and all the signatures of those users on those messages can be aggregated into a single signature such that the size of the aggregate signature is much smaller than the total size of all individual signatures. Because of the aggregation of many signatures into a single short signature, AS and SAS schemes can reduce… More >

Hussein Abulkasim^1,*, Eatedal Alabdulkreem², Safwat Hamad³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 225-232, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025727

Abstract Quantum key agreement is a promising key establishing protocol that can play a significant role in securing 5G/6G communication networks. Recently, Liu et al. (Quantum Information Processing 18(8):1-10, 2019) proposed a multi-party quantum key agreement protocol based on four-qubit cluster states was proposed. The aim of their protocol is to agree on a shared secret key among multiple remote participants. Liu et al. employed four-qubit cluster states to be the quantum resources and the X operation to securely share a secret key. In addition, Liu et al.'s protocol guarantees that each participant makes an equal contribution to the final key.… More >

Maryam Jamal¹, Nazir Ahmad Zafar², Atta-ur-Rahman^3,*, Dhiaa Musleh³, Mohammed A. Gollapalli⁴, Sghaier Chabani⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 3331-3348, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025205

Abstract The formal modeling and verification of aircraft takeoff is a challenge because it is a complex safety-critical operation. The task of aircraft takeoff is distributed amongst various computer-based controllers, however, with the growing malicious threats a secure communication between aircraft and controllers becomes highly important. This research serves as a starting point for integration of BB84 quantum protocol with petri nets for secure modeling and verification of takeoff procedure. The integrated model combines the BB84 quantum cryptographic protocol with powerful verification tool support offered by petri nets. To model certain important properties of BB84, a new variant of petri nets… More >

Pratik Roy^*, Saptarshi Sahoo, Amit Kumar Mandal, Indranil Basu

Journal of Quantum Computing, Vol.3, No.4, pp. 151-160, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jqc.2021.019864

Abstract Quantum Key Distribution seems very promising as it offers unconditional security, that’s why it is being implemented by the tech giants of the networking industry and government. Having quantum phenomenon as a backbone, QKD protocols become indecipherable. Here we have focused on the complexities of quantum key distribution and how this technology has contributed to secure key communication. This article gives an updated overview of this technology and can serve as a guide to get familiar with the current trends of quantum cryptography. More >

Tian Cao¹, Yan Chang^{1, *}, Lili Yan¹, Shibin Zhang¹, Qirun Wang²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.2, pp. 1507-1517, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010213

Abstract An electronic contract is a contract signed by electronic means, which is widely used in electronic commerce activities. In recent years, with the rapid development of quantum cryptography technology, the quantum electronic contract has been widely studied by researchers. Supported by the basic principles of quantum mechanics, a quantum electronic contract scheme based on the single photon is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, two copies of the same contract are signed by both parties involved, and then a copy of each contract is sent to a trusted third party. The trusted third party verifies the signatures of both… More >

Kejia Zhang^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Chunguang Ma⁵, Zhiwei Sun^{4, 6, *}, Xue Zhang^{2, 3}, Baomin Zhou², Yukun Wang⁷

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.3, pp. 1915-1928, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.09836

Abstract Oblivious key transfer (OKT) is a fundamental problem in the field of secure multi-party computation. It makes the provider send a secret key sequence to the user obliviously, i.e., the user may only get almost one bit key in the sequence which is unknown to the provider. Recently, a number of works have sought to establish the corresponding quantum oblivious key transfer model and rename it as quantum oblivious key distribution (QOKD) from the well-known expression of quantum key distribution (QKD). In this paper, a new QOKD model is firstly proposed for the provider and user with limited quantum capabilities,… More >

Jinqiao Dai¹, Shibin Zhang^{1, *}, Yan Chang¹, Xueyang Li¹, Tao Zheng¹, Jinyue Xia²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.2, pp. 1247-1260, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010550

Abstract In order to enable two parties to exchange their secret information equally, we propose a controlled quantum dialogue protocol based on quantum walks, which implements the equal exchange of secret information between the two parties with the help of the controller TP. The secret information is transmitted via quantum walks, by using this method, the previously required entangled particles do not need to be prepared in the initial phase, and the entangled particles can be produced spontaneously via quantum walks. Furthermore, to resist TP’s dishonest behavior, we use a hash function to verify the correctness of the secret information. The… More >