Jiamin Wu^1,2,3,*, Zhicong Luo^1,2, Fulin Zhou^1,2, Qiwen Wang^1,2, Weikang Li^1,2, Weihao Cai^1,2, Sen Su^1,2, Lin Guo^1,2, Chunsheng Ye^1,2, Yusheng Shi^1,2

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.011860

Abstract Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) ceramics with outstanding comprehensive properties, have become important candidate materials for components like radomes and antenna windows. In this study, the vat photopolymerization (VPP) technique was used to fabricate Si₃N₄ ceramic radomes. Our research centered on optimizing the curing properties of ceramic slurries and precisely regulating the comprehensive properties of the ceramics. Several methods were proposed to modify the curing depth of Si₃N₄ ceramic slurry, including thermosetting resin coating, sintering aid coating, oxidation coating, double coating, etc. Moreover, a pore-forming agent modification method was also proposed, which enabled the VPP printing of Si₃N₄ ceramic More >

Zheng Liu^1,#, Xuhong Yan^2,#, Guicheng Liu¹, Jingyi Zhang¹, Xujun Yu³, Degui Chang^1,*, Liang Dong^3,*

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.32, No.5, pp. 385-400, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.068136 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), characterized by the intersection of aging and androgen deficiency, impacts the health of approximately 2%−39% of middle-aged and elderly men, underscoring the need for comprehensive research. Animal models, serving as analogs of human diseases, are indispensable for investigating disease mechanisms and facilitating drug development. However, the diverse array of animal models utilized for LOH research has led to a lack of standardized modeling approaches and evaluation systems, potentially impeding progress in understanding the pathogenesis and therapeutic development. In this paper, we summarize and compile the characteristics, methods, and evaluation systems of rodent More >

Kai Kang^1,*, Zhiyong Wang^2,3

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012678

Abstract Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) can be utilized to probe internal parameters of dielectric materials, such as the refractive index. Based on the stress-optic law, stress-induced variations in the refractive index enable the calculation of applied stress through measured changes in the refractive index. This paper introduces a THz-TDS-based methodology for stress field measurement. First, a THz-TDS stress field scanning and imaging system was developed, incorporating an amplitude-field imaging method that maps stress distributions using variations in the amplitude of THz pulses. Second, two analytical algorithms were established: a planar stress analysis algorithm based on THz… More >

Chao Gui^1,2, Wanying Chang³, Yaping Liu^1,*, Leren Tao³, Daoming Shen¹, Mengyi Ge¹

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.5, pp. 1621-1637, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.072268 - 31 October 2025

Abstract Freeze-drying of structurally heterogeneous biomaterials such as porcine aorta presents considerable modeling challenges due to their inherent multilayer composition and moving sublimation interfaces. Conventional models often overlook structural anisotropy and dynamic boundary progression, while experimental determination of key parameters under cryogenic conditions remains difficult. To address these, this study develops a heat and mass transfer model incorporating a dynamic node strategy for the sublimation interface, which effectively handles continuous computational domain deformation. Additionally, specialized fixed nodes were incorporated to adapt to the multilayer structure and its spatially varying thermophysical properties. A novel non-contact gravimetric system More > Graphic Abstract

Hao Tan^1,2, Zeai Huang^1,2,*, Runxian Gong², Junming Mei², Kejie Wu², Tianyu Yan², Daoquan Zhu², Zhibin Zhang², Ruiyang Zhang^1,2

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.11, pp. 4331-4347, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.070226 - 27 October 2025

Abstract Under the driving goal of carbon neutrality, biogas reforming technology has garnered significant attention due to its ability to convert greenhouse gases (CH₄/CO₂) into syngas (H₂/CO). Conventional nickel-based catalysts suffer from issues such as carbon deposition, sintering and sulfur poisoning. Non-nickel-based perovskite materials, with their tunable crystal structure, dynamic oxygen vacancy characteristics, and excellent anti-coking/anti-sulfur performance, have emerged as a promising alternative. This review systematically summarizes the design for non-nickel-based perovskite materials, including optimizing lattice oxygen migration ability and active site stability by A/B site doping, defect engineering and heterojunction construction. The enhancing the conversion rate… More > Graphic Abstract

Xin Liu¹, Zheng Zhang^2,*, Yu Zhao³, Yi Yang², Zhenning Qiao², Zhibo Xu², Xianzhi Yu²

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.11, pp. 4679-4702, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.068371 - 27 October 2025

Abstract With the growing demand for offshore energy, deepwater drilling has become a vital technology in petroleum engineering. However, conventional drilling systems often face limitations such as delayed bottomhole pressure response and low control precision, particularly under narrow pressure window and complex formation conditions. To address these challenges, Dual-layer Pipe dual-gradient drilling (DGD) technology has been introduced, utilizing a dual-pipe structure and downhole lift pumps to extend the pressure control range. Despite these advantages, current DGD systems lack fast and precise bottomhole pressure control due to their reliance on indirect flow-based methods. This study proposes a… More >

Wei Lin, Yi Sun^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 5117-5134, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067968 - 23 October 2025

Abstract To enable efficient sharing of unbounded streaming data, this paper introduces blockchain technology into traditional cloud data, proposing a hybrid on-chain/off-chain storage model. We design a real-time verifiable data structure that is more suitable for streaming data to achieve efficient real-time verifiability for streaming data. Based on the notch gate hash function and vector commitment, an adaptive notch gate hash tree structure is constructed, and an efficient real-time verifiable data structure for on-chain and off-chain stream data is proposed. The structure binds dynamic root nodes sequentially to ordered leaf nodes in its child nodes. Only… More >

Yinyu Tang^1,2,3,*, Mingzhi Yang^1,2,3

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.011292

Abstract Energy efficiency and environmental sustainability in rail transit are key engineering goals. In urban trains, pressure drag plays a more significant role than in high-speed EMUs, primarily due to the blunt shape of the train’s head. The constraints imposed by underground construction and engineering protocols prevent the optimization strategies used in high-speed EMUs from being applied to urban trains. Therefore, aerodynamic drag reduction in blunt-tail urban trains, through active wake flow control, holds promise for improving train aerodynamics.
This study investigates drag reduction on the tail car of blunt urban trains using a hybrid numerical and… More >

Robyn Lesch¹, Evan David Visser¹, Ntalane Sello Seroka^1,2,*, Lindiwe Khotseng^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.10, pp. 1935-1977, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0026 - 22 October 2025

Abstract The review investigates the use of biomass-derived carbon as precursors for nanomaterials, acknowledging their sustainability and eco-friendliness. It examines various types of biomasses, such as agricultural residues and food byproducts, focussing on their transformation via environmentally friendly methods such as pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonisation. Innovations in creating porous carbon nanostructures and heteroatom surface functionalisation are identified, enhancing catalytic performance. The study also explores the integration of biomass-derived carbon with nanomaterials for energy storage, catalysis, and other applications, noting the economic and environmental benefits. Despite these advantages, challenges persist in optimising synthesis methods and scaling production. More > Graphic Abstract

Jingying Zou^1,#, Wenzhou Liu^1,#, Yaoxuan Han², Chenxi Wang³, Chao Dong⁴, Youbo Jia^5,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4081-4097, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067544 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The ocean, as one of Earth’s largest natural resources, covers over 70% of the planet’s surface and holds vast water energy potential. Building on this context, this study designs a hybrid generator (WWR-TENG) that integrates a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and an electromagnetic generator (EMG). TENG is a new technology that can capture mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy, and is particularly suitable for common natural or man-made power sources such as human movement, wind power, and water flow. EMG is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through… More >