Ashit Kumar Dutta^1,*, Yasser Albagory², Farhan M. Obesat³, Anas Waleed Abulfaraj⁴

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.3, pp. 1659-1674, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.026263

Abstract Energy is considered a valuable source in wireless sensor networks (WSN) for effectively improving the survivability of the network. The non-uniform dispersion of load in the network causes unbalanced energy dissipation which can result in network interruption. The route selection process can be considered as an optimization problem and is solved by utilize of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. This study introduces an energy efficient chaotic krill herd algorithm with adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system based routing (EECKHA-ANFIS) protocol for WSN. The goal of the EECKHA-ANFIS method is for deriving a better set of routes to destination in such a way… More >

G. Divya Mohana Priya^1,*, M. Karthikeyan¹, K. Murugan²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.43, No.2, pp. 471-486, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.021023

Abstract Optimizing the sensor energy is one of the most important concern in Three-Dimensional (3D) Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). An improved dynamic hierarchical clustering has been used in previous works that computes optimum clusters count and thus, the total consumption of energy is optimal. However, the computational complexity will be increased due to data dimension, and this leads to increase in delay in network data transmission and reception. For solving the above-mentioned issues, an efficient dimensionality reduction model based on Incremental Linear Discriminant Analysis (ILDA) is proposed for 3D hierarchical clustering WSNs. The major objective of the proposed work is to… More >

Shirina Samreen^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 4087-4106, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.026141

Abstract Packet dropping in a mobile ad hoc network can manifest itself as the data plane attacks as well as control plane attacks. The former deal with malicious nodes performing packet drop on the data packets following the route formation and the latter deal with those malicious nodes which either drop or manipulate the control packets to degrade the network performance. The idea of the proposed approach is that during the route establishment, each of the on-path nodes is provided with pre-computed hash values which have to be used to provide a unique acknowledgement value to the upstream neighbor which acts… More >

Mumtaz Ali Shah^1,2,*, Farrukh Zeeshan Khan¹, Ghulam Abbas²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 2617-2632, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025981

Abstract Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) play an essential role in enhancing transport infrastructure by making vehicles intelligent and proficient in preventing traffic fatalities. Direction-based greedy protocols pick the next route vehicle for transmitting emergency messages (EMs) depending upon the present location of adjacent vehicles towards sink vehicles by using an optimal uni-directional road traffic approach. Nevertheless, such protocols suffer performance degradation by ignoring the moving directions of vehicles in bi-directional road traffic where topological changes happen continuously. Due to the high number of vehicles, it is essential to broadcast EMs to all vehicles to prevent traffic delays and collisions. A cluster-based… More >

Sankar Sennan¹, Kirubasri¹, Youseef Alotaibi², Digvijay Pandey^3,*, Saleh Alghamdi⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 2159-2174, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025773

Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) is a recent paradigm to improve human lifestyle. Nowadays, number devices are connected to the Internet drastically. Thus, the people can control and monitor the physical things in real-time without delay. The IoT plays a vital role in all kind of fields in our world such as agriculture, livestock, transport, and healthcare, grid system, connected home, elderly people carrying system, cypher physical system, retail, and intelligent systems. In IoT energy conservation is a challenging task, as the devices are made up of low-cost and low-power sensing devices and local processing. IoT networks have significant challenges in… More >

Khaled Mohamad Almustafa¹, Taiseer Abdalla Elfadil Eisa², Amani Abdulrahman Albraikan³, Mesfer Al Duhayyim^4,*, Manar Ahmed Hamza⁵, Abdelwahed Motwakel⁵, Ishfaq Yaseen⁵, Muhammad Imran Babar⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 2483-2499, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024688

Abstract In recent years, Software Defined Networking (SDN) has become an important candidate for communication infrastructure in smart cities. It produces a drastic increase in the need for delivery of video services that are of high resolution, multiview, and large-scale in nature. However, this entity gets easily influenced by heterogeneous behaviour of the user's wireless link features that might reduce the quality of video stream for few or all clients. The development of SDN allows the emergence of new possibilities for complicated controlling of video conferences. Besides, multicast routing protocol with multiple constraints in terms of Quality of Service (QoS) is… More >

Marwah Mohammad Almasri^1,*, Abrar Mohammed Alajlan²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 1687-1710, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.023240

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) comprise numerous sensor nodes for monitoring specific areas. Great deals of efforts have been achieved to obtain effective routing approaches using clustering methods. Clustering is considered an effective way to provide a better route for transmitting the data, but cluster head selection and route generation is considered as a complicated task. To manage such complex issues and to enhance network lifetime and energy consumption, an energy-effective cluster-based routing approach is proposed. As the major intention of this paper is to select an optimal cluster head, this paper proposes a modified golden eagle optimization (M-GEO) algorithm to… More >

Muhammad Mateen Yaqoob¹, Waqar Khurshid¹, Leo Liu², Syed Zulqarnain Arif¹, Imran Ali Khan¹, Osman Khalid^1,*, Raheel Nawaz²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 1089-1103, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024798

Abstract Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) technologies are emerging with extensive applications in several domains. Health is a fascinating domain of WBAN for smart monitoring of a patient's condition. An important factor to consider in WBAN is a node's lifetime. Improving the lifetime of nodes is critical to address many issues, such as utility and reliability. Existing routing protocols have addressed the energy conservation problem but considered only a few parameters, thus affecting their performance. Moreover, most of the existing schemes did not consider traffic prioritization which is critical in WBANs. In this paper, an adaptive multi-cost routing protocol is proposed… More >

M. P. Haripriya^*, P. Venkadesh

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 825-836, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.022940

Abstract The coming generation in mobile networks is the fifth generation (5G), which appears to be the promoter of the upcoming digital world. 5G is defined by a single piece of cellular access technology or a combination of advanced access technologies. Rather, 5G is a true network assembler that provides consistent support for a slew of novel network topologies. Prior generations provide as a suitable starting point and give support for the security architecture for 5G security. Through authentication and cryptography techniques, many works have tackled the security issues in 3G and 4G networks in an effective manner. However, security of… More >

Tauqeer Safdar Malik^1,*, Kaleem Razzaq Malik¹, Muhammad Sanaullah², Mohd Hilmi Hasan³, Norshakirah Aziz³

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 809-824, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.021128

Abstract Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) has turn up to solve the issue of spectrum congestion occurred due to the wide spread usage of wireless applications for 6G based Internet of Things (IoT) network. The Secondary Users (SUs) are allowed to access dynamically the frequency channels owned by the Primary Users (PUs). In this paper, we focus the matter of contention of routing in multi hops setup by the SUs for a known destination in the presence of PUs. The traffic model for routing is generated on the basis of Poison Process of Markov Model. Every SU requires to reduce the end-to-end… More >