Aravapalli Rama Satish¹, Sai Babu Veesam^2,*, Shonak Bansal^3,*, Krishna Prakash⁴, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque^5,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.147, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.080403 - 30 June 2026

Abstract Real-time video streams now flood everything from security cameras to social media, yet current summarization systems still stumble when audio, visual, and semantic cues unfold with tangled cause–and–effect patterns. Most cross-modal transformers treat correlations as if time were a flat canvas, ignoring how an early sound might trigger a later visual event in the process. They also lack mechanisms to predict tracking uncertainty, adapt to narrative shifts, or evolve their own evaluation criteria, leaving summaries brittle and often incoherent in process. To address these gaps, we propose a Cross-Modal Context Fusion framework built from five… More >

Yao-Bo Long¹, Yu-Ke Ouyang², Bo Zhuang², Ao-Qi Liu^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.88, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.081203 - 15 June 2026

Abstract This study addresses the real-time visual tracking task in edge environments by proposing a robust visual servoing control system based on a higher-order sliding mode observer, enabling a quadrotor UAV to autonomously track a moving soccer ball during outdoor sports broadcasts while relying solely on a monocular camera and an inertial measurement unit, thereby eliminating any dependency on external positioning or velocity sensors such as GPS. The system adopts a hierarchical control architecture in which the observer plays a central role: operating on resource-constrained edge devices, it leverages only visual information to estimate unknown external… More >

Lingyu Jin^1,2, Rui Wang^1,2, Bo Huang^1,2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.88, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.080050 - 08 May 2026

Abstract Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) target tracking is one of the key technologies in aerial intelligent perception systems, playing a vital role in applications such as traffic monitoring, border patrol, disaster response, search and rescue, environmental monitoring, and military reconnaissance. Compared with generic object tracking tasks, UAV platforms exhibit significant differences in imaging perspectives, target scales, motion patterns, and onboard computing capabilities, which pose unique challenges for UAV target tracking, including small targets and drastic scale variations, platform motion and motion blur, complex backgrounds and frequent occlusions, low-light conditions at night, as well as real-time and… More >

Feng-Cheng Lin^*, Bo-Chiao Jan, Hui-An Wu

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.88, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.079393 - 08 May 2026

Abstract With the increasing refinement of ornamental fish culture, understanding fish behavioral patterns has become critical. Fish movements not only reflect daily activity ranges but also reveal responses to environmental changes such as water currents and obstacles. However, traditional manual observation is limited by manpower and time, making it difficult to record fish behaviors over long periods stably. Existing automated tracking techniques often suffer from ID switches and track interruptions caused by rapid fish movement, occlusions, or intermingling, which in turn degrade the reliability of subsequent analyses. This paper proposes a deep learning-based multi-object fish tracking… More >

Manh-Tuan Ha¹, Nhu-Nghia Bui², Dinh-Quy Vu^1,*, Thai-Viet Dang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.077237 - 09 April 2026

Abstract In the realm of unmanned surface vehicle (USV) operations, leveraging environmental factors to enhance situational awareness has garnered significant academic attention. Developing vision systems for USVs presents considerable challenges, mainly due to variable observational conditions and angular vibrations caused by hydrodynamic forces. The paper proposed a novel MDGAN-DIFI network for end-to-end multi-object tracking (MOT), specifically designed for camera systems mounted on USVs. Beyond enhancing traditional MOT models, the proposed MDGAN-DIFI includes preprocessing modules designed to enhance the efficiency of processing input signal quality. Initially, a Deep Iterative Frame Interpolation (DIFI) module is used to stabilize… More >

Yihao Kuang^1,2, Hong Zhang^1,2, Jiaqi Wang^1,2, Lingyu Jin^1,2, Bo Huang^1,2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.076652 - 09 April 2026

Abstract 3D single object tracking (SOT) based on point clouds is a fundamental task for environmental perception in autonomous driving and dynamic scene understanding in robotics. Recent technological advancements in this field have significantly bolstered the environmental interaction capabilities of intelligent systems. This field faces persistent challenges, including feature degradation induced by point cloud sparsity, representation drift caused by non-rigid deformation, and occlusion in complex scenarios. Traditional appearance matching methods, particularly those relying on Siamese networks, are severely constrained by point cloud characteristics, often failing under rapid motions or structural ambiguities among similar objects. In response,… More >

Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso^1,2, Idriss Dagal³, Manish Kumar Singla^4,5,*, Muhammad Suhail Shaikh⁶, Aseel Smerat⁷, Abdullah Mohammed Al Fatais^8,9, Ali Saeed Almufih^8,9, Rabia Emhamed Al Mamlookol^10,11

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.072751 - 27 March 2026

Abstract Photovoltaic (PV) systems in the field operate under complex, uncertain conditions rapid irradiance ramps, partial shading, temperature swings, surface soiling, and weak-grid disturbances including off-nominal frequency and voltage distortion that degrade energy yield and power quality. We propose a drift-aware, power-quality-constrained MPPT framework that co-optimizes MPPT, PLL, and current-loop gains under stochastic frequency drift, while enforcing IEEE-519 limits (per-order I_h/I_L and TDD) during optimization. Unlike energy-only or THD-only methods, the design target integrates PQ constraints into the objective and is validated across calibrated drift scenarios with explicit per-order and TDD reporting. Operating scenarios are calibrated to… More > Graphic Abstract

Shih-Ming Cho¹, Sung-Wen Wang¹, Min-Chie Chiu^2,*, Shao-Chun Chen¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.074911 - 12 March 2026

Abstract To address crop depredation by intelligent species (e.t, macaques) and the habituation from traditional methods, this study proposes an intelligent, closed-loop, adaptive laser deterrence system. A core contribution is an efficient multi-stage Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) and incremental fine-tuning (IFT) framework, which reduced manual annotation by ~60% and training time by ~68%. This framework was benchmarked against YOLOv8n, v10n, and v11n. Our analysis revealed that YOLOv12n’s high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) (47.1% retention) pseudo-labels made it the only model to gain performance (+0.010 mAP) from SSL, allowing it to overtake competitors. Subsequently, in the IFT stress test,… More >

Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso^1,2, Idriss Dagal³, Manish Kumar Singla^4,5,*, Muhammad Suhail Shaikh⁶, Aseel Smerat⁷

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.072899 - 27 February 2026

Abstract Utility-scale PV plants increasingly operate under partial shading, soiling, temperature swings, and rapid irradiance ramps that depress yield and challenge stability on weak grids. This critical review addresses those conditions by (i) unifying a stressor-to-method taxonomy that links field stressors to global intelligent MPPT (metaheuristics and learning-based trackers) and to advanced inverter controls (adaptive/MPC and grid-forming), (ii) standardizing metrics and reporting aligned with IEC 61724-1 and IEEE 1547/1547.1 to enable fair, reproducible comparisons, and (iii) framing MPPT and grid support as a co-design problem with a DT→HIL→Field validation pathway and seedable scenarios. We identify persistent… More > Graphic Abstract

Nien-Tsu Hu^1,*, Hsiang-Tung Kao¹, Chin-Sheng Chen¹, Shih-Hao Chang²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.074993 - 10 February 2026

Abstract Trajectory tracking for nonlinear robotic systems remains a fundamental yet challenging problem in control engineering, particularly when both precision and efficiency must be ensured. Conventional control methods are often effective for stabilization but may not directly optimize long-term performance. To address this limitation, this study develops an integrated framework that combines optimal control principles with reinforcement learning for a single-link robotic manipulator. The proposed scheme adopts an actor–critic structure, where the critic network approximates the value function associated with the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation, and the actor network generates near-optimal control signals in real time. This dual… More >