Zhengqiu Weng^1,2, Timing Chen^1,*, Tiantian Zhu¹, Hang Dong¹, Dan Zhou¹, Osama Alfarraj³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 105-119, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.015074

Abstract Internet traffic encryption is a very common traffic protection method. Most internet traffic is protected by the encryption protocol called transport layer security (TLS). Although traffic encryption can ensure the security of communication, it also enables malware to hide its information and avoid being detected. At present, most of the malicious traffic detection methods are aimed at the unencrypted ones. There are some problems in the detection of encrypted traffic, such as high false positive rate, difficulty in feature extraction, and insufficient practicability. The accuracy and effectiveness of existing methods need to be improved. In this paper, we present TLSmell,… More >

Huarui Wu^1,2,3, Huaji Zhu^1,2,3, Xiao Han^1,2,3,*, Wei Xu⁴

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 89-104, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.015030

Abstract When wireless sensor networks (WSN) are deployed in the vegetable greenhouse with dynamic connectivity and interference environment, it is necessary to increase the node transmit power to ensure the communication quality, which leads to serious network interference. To offset the negative impact, the transmit power of other nodes must also be increased. The result is that the network becomes worse and worse, and node energy is wasted a lot. Taking into account the irregular connection range in the cucumber greenhouse WSN, we measured the transmission characteristics of wireless signals under the 2.4 Ghz operating frequency. For improving network layout in… More >

A. N. M. Alahmadi¹, Hegazy Rezk^2,3,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 63-71, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.015029

Abstract A robust single-sensor global maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategy based on modern optimization for photovoltaic systems considering shading conditions is proposed in this work. The proposed strategy is designed for battery charging applications and direct current (DC) microgrids. Under normal operation, the curve of photovoltaic (PV) output power versus PV voltage contains only a single peak point. This point can be simply captured using any traditional tracking method like perturb and observe. However, this situation is completely different during the shadowing effect where several peaks appear on the power voltage curve. Most of these peaks are local with only… More >

Zihao Shen^1,2, Hui Wang^1,*, Kun Liu¹, Peiqian Liu¹, Menglong Ba¹, MengYao Zhao³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 121-133, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014988

Abstract The rapid progress of the Internet has exposed networks to an increased number of threats. Intrusion detection technology can effectively protect network security against malicious attacks. In this paper, we propose a ReliefF-P-Naive Bayes and softmax regression (RP-NBSR) model based on machine learning for network attack detection to improve the false detection rate and F1 score of unknown intrusion behavior. In the proposed model, the Pearson correlation coefficient is introduced to compensate for deficiencies in correlation analysis between features by the ReliefF feature selection algorithm, and a ReliefF-Pearson correlation coefficient (ReliefF-P) algorithm is proposed. Then, the Relief-P algorithm is used… More >

Sinil Mubarak¹, Mohamed Hadi Habaebi^1,*, Md Rafiqul Islam¹, Farah Diyana Abdul Rahman, Mohammad Tahir²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 33-46, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014384

Abstract An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) provides a front-line defense mechanism for the Industrial Control System (ICS) dedicated to keeping the process operations running continuously for 24 hours in a day and 7 days in a week. A well-known ICS is the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. It supervises the physical process from sensor data and performs remote monitoring control and diagnostic functions in critical infrastructures. The ICS cyber threats are growing at an alarming rate on industrial automation applications. Detection techniques with machine learning algorithms on public datasets, suitable for intrusion detection of cyber-attacks in SCADA systems, as… More >

Xiaoyu Duan¹, Shi Ying^1,*, Wanli Yuan¹, Hailong Cheng¹, Xiang Yin²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 135-148, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014030

Abstract Detecting anomaly logs is a great significance step for guarding system faults. Due to the uncertainty of abnormal log types, lack of real anomaly logs and accurately labeled log datasets. Existing technologies cannot be enough for detecting complex and various log point anomalies by using human-defined rules. We propose a log anomaly detection method based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). This method uses the Encoder-Decoder framework based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network as the generator, takes the log keywords as the input of the encoder, and the decoder outputs the generated log template. The discriminator uses the Convolutional Neural… More >

Abdulaziz Almehmadi^*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 451-460, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.015309

Abstract Unlike the 2007–2008 market crash, which was caused by a banking failure and led to an economic recession, the 1918 influenza pandemic triggered a worldwide financial depression. Pandemics usually affect the global economy, and the COVID-19 pandemic is no exception. Many stock markets have fallen over 40%, and companies are shutting down, ending contracts, and issuing voluntary and involuntary leaves for thousands of employees. These economic effects have led to an increase in unemployment rates, crime, and instability. Studying pandemics’ economic effects, especially on the stock market, has not been urgent or feasible until recently. However, with advances in artificial… More >

Mohammad Aldossary^*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 461-476, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014975

Abstract In a cloud environment, Virtual Machines (VMs) consolidation and resource provisioning are used to address the issues of workload fluctuations. VM consolidation aims to move the VMs from one host to another in order to reduce the number of active hosts and save power. Whereas resource provisioning attempts to provide additional resource capacity to the VMs as needed in order to meet Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. However, these techniques have a set of limitations in terms of the additional costs related to migration and scaling time, and energy overhead that need further consideration. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive… More >

Adel Saad Assiri^*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 435-450, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014894

Abstract Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are one of the hottest topics in computer science and artificial intelligence due to their potential and advantages in analyzing real-world problems in various disciplines, including but not limited to physics, biology, chemistry, and engineering. However, ANNs lack several key characteristics of biological neural networks, such as sparsity, scale-freeness, and small-worldness. The concept of sparse and scale-free neural networks has been introduced to fill this gap. Network sparsity is implemented by removing weak weights between neurons during the learning process and replacing them with random weights. When the network is initialized, the neural network is fully… More >

Muhammad Javed Azhar Khan¹, Muhammad Ibrahim^1,*, Ali Ahmad²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 485-492, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014810

Abstract Among the huge diversity of ideas that show up while studying graph theory, one that has obtained a lot of popularity is the concept of labelings of graphs. Graph labelings give valuable mathematical models for a wide scope of applications in high technologies (cryptography, astronomy, data security, various coding theory problems, communication networks, etc.). A labeling or a valuation of a graph is any mapping that sends a certain set of graph elements to a certain set of numbers subject to certain conditions. Graph labeling is a mapping of elements of the graph, i.e., vertex and/or edges to a set… More >