Shumaila Shahzadi¹, Fahad Ahmad^1,*, Asma Basharat¹, Madallah Alruwaili², Saad Alanazi², Mamoona Humayun², Muhammad Rizwan¹, Shahid Naseem³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2723-2749, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014594

Abstract With the rising demand for data access, network service providers face the challenge of growing their capital and operating costs while at the same time enhancing network capacity and meeting the increased demand for access. To increase efficacy of Software Defined Network (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) framework, we need to eradicate network security configuration errors that may create vulnerabilities to affect overall efficiency, reduce network performance, and increase maintenance cost. The existing frameworks lack in security, and computer systems face few abnormalities, which prompts the need for different recognition and mitigation methods to keep the system in the… More >

Fan Zhang^1,2, Fenlin Liu^1,2,*, Rui Xu^3,4, Xiangyang Luo^1,2, Shichang Ding⁵, Hechan Tian^1,2

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 3345-3361, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014526

Abstract Existing IP geolocation algorithms based on delay similarity often rely on the principle that geographically adjacent IPs have similar delays. However, this principle is often invalid in real Internet environment, which leads to unreliable geolocation results. To improve the accuracy and reliability of locating IP in real Internet, a street-level IP geolocation algorithm based on landmarks clustering is proposed. Firstly, we use the probes to measure the known landmarks to obtain their delay vectors, and cluster landmarks using them. Secondly, the landmarks are clustered again by their latitude and longitude, and the intersection of these two clustering results is taken… More >

Jamil J. Jaber^1,2, Noriszura Ismail², Siti Norafidah Mohd Ramli², Baker Albadareen², Nawaf N. Hamadneh^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 3329-3344, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014509

Abstract Loss given default (LGD) is a key parameter in credit risk management to calculate the required regulatory minimum capital. The internal ratings-based (IRB) approach under the Basel II allows institutions to determine the loss given default (LGD) on their own. In this study, we have estimated LGD for a credit portfolio data by using beta regression with precision parameter (∅) and mean parameter (μ). The credit portfolio data was obtained from a banking institution in Jordan; for the period of January 2010 until December 2014. In the first stage, we have used the “outstanding amount” and “amount of borrowing” to… More >

Jaiteg Singh¹, Tanya Gera¹, Farman Ali², Deepak Thakur¹, Karamjeet Singh³, Kyung-sup Kwak^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2655-2670, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014504

Abstract Android has been dominating the smartphone market for more than a decade and has managed to capture 87.8% of the market share. Such popularity of Android has drawn the attention of cybercriminals and malware developers. The malicious applications can steal sensitive information like contacts, read personal messages, record calls, send messages to premium-rate numbers, cause financial loss, gain access to the gallery and can access the user’s geographic location. Numerous surveys on Android security have primarily focused on types of malware attack, their propagation, and techniques to mitigate them. To the best of our knowledge, Android malware literature has never… More >

Husam Jasim Mohammed^1,*, Hajem Ati Daham²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2229-2239, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014445

Abstract In reality, the flipped classroom has gained popularity as a modern way of structuring teaching, where lectures move from in-class procedures to digitally-based assignments, freeing up the debate, and practice exercises class time. Therefore, it is essential to implement and analyze a way of teaching that will improve student performance. The paper aims to develop a model of the method of teaching science in Iraqi schools, and to assess whether teaching flipped classroom affects the achievement, motivation, and creative thinking of students by using the methodology of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) in the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The AHP approach… More >

Khairol Amali bin Ahmad¹, Mohammad Nazmul Hasan², Md. Sharif Hossen^2,*, Khaleel Ahmad³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 3075-3087, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014436

Abstract Pocket Switched Networks (PSN) represent a particular remittent network for direct communication between the handheld mobile devices. Compared to traditional networks, there is no stable topology structure for PSN where the nodes observe the mobility model of human society. It is a kind of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) that gives a description to circulate information among the network nodes by the way of taking the benefit of transferring nodes from one area to another. Considering its inception, there are several schemes for message routing in the infrastructure-less environment in which human mobility is only the best manner to exchange information.… More >

Khomdet Phapatanaburi¹, Kasidit kokkhunthod², Longbiao Wang³, Talit Jumphoo², Monthippa Uthansakul², Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud⁴, Peerapong Uthansakul^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 3029-3044, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014433

Abstract A brainwave classification, which does not involve any limb movement and stimulus for character-writing applications, benefits impaired people, in terms of practical communication, because it allows users to command a device/computer directly via electroencephalogram signals. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) features along with the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM)-based classifiers. For this purpose, firstly, we introduce EMD to decompose EEG signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), which actually are used as the input features of the brainwave classification for the character-writing application. We hypothesize that EMD… More >

Sabin C. Buraga¹, Octavian Dospinescu^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2857-2873, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014429

Abstract A knowledge-driven approach is proposed for assessing the music influence on university students. The proposed method of modeling and conducting the interactive pilot study can be useful to convey other surveys, interviews, and experiments created in various phases of the user interface (UI) design processes, as part of a general human-computer interaction (HCI) methodology. Benefiting from existing semantic Web and linked data standards, best practices, and tools, a microservice-oriented system is developed as a testbed platform able to generate playlists in a smart way according to users’ music preferences. This novel approach could bring also benefits for user interface adaptation… More >

Nancy Awadallah Awad^1,*, Amena Mahmoud²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 3151-3160, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014426

Abstract Data compression is one of the core fields of study for applications of image and video processing. The raw data to be transmitted consumes large bandwidth and requires huge storage space as a result, it is desirable to represent the information in the data with considerably fewer bits by the mean of data compression techniques, the data must be reconstituted very similarly to the initial form. In this paper, a hybrid compression based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to enhance the quality of the reconstructed image. These techniques are followed by entropy encoding such… More >

Shaymaa E. Sorour^1,*, Tamer M. Kamel², Hanan E. Abdelkader³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2671-2689, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014395

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational systems worldwide, leading to the near-total closures of schools, universities, and colleges. Universities need to adapt to changes to face this crisis without negatively affecting students’ performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify and help solve to critical challenges and factors that influence the e-learning system for Computer Maintenance courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper examines the effect of a hybrid modeling approach that uses Cloud Computing Services (CCS) and Virtual Reality (VR) in a Virtual Cloud Learning Environment (VCLE) system. The VCLE system provides students with various utilities… More >